"Retinol-induced Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Min/+ Mice and Importance of Vitamin D Status.
Hetland RB, Alexander J, Berg JP, Svendsen C, Paulsen JE.
Anticancer Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):4353-60.
PMID: 20032378
The effects of life-long dietary exposure, starting in utero, to high retinol, low vitamin D, or high retinol in combination with low vitamin D on intestinal tumorigenesis in Min/+ mice were investigated. In males, high retinol alone significantly increased the number (2.6-fold) and size (1.3-fold) of small intestinal tumours; in females no significant increase in tumour number or size was seen. In both genders, low vitamin D intake alone did not affect intestinal tumorigenesis. In males, intake of the combined high retinol/low vitamin D diet did not further increase the effects caused by high retinol alone. In females, however, the high retinol/low vitamin D-induced increase in tumour number (3.1-fold) and tumour size (1.5-fold) exceeded that of high retinol alone. In conclusion, a high dietary intake of retinol stimulated intestinal tumorigenesis in Min/+ mice. Furthermore, the results indicate a combined effect of high retinol and low vitamin D on tumorigenesis in females"
Relationship between the in vitro response of dendritic cells to Lactobacillus and prevention of tumorigenesis in the mouse.
Takagi A, Ikemura H, Matsuzaki T, Sato M, Nomoto K, Morotomi M, Yokokura T.
J Gastroenterol. 2008;43(9):661-9. Epub 2008 Sep 20.
PMID: 18807127
DOI: 10.1007/s00535-008-2212-7
Natural Sphingadienes Inhibit Akt-Dependent Signaling and Prevent Intestinal Tumorigenesis.
Fyrst H, Oskouian B, Bandhuvula P, Gong Y, Byun HS, Bittman R, Lee AR, Saba JD.
Cancer Res. 2009 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 19934323
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-2341
In the field of molecular biology, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes.[1] PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis[2] of higher organism.