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lingro was conceived in August 2005, when Artur decided to practice his Spanish by reading Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal. As a competent but non-expert speaker, he found that looking up new vocabulary took much more time than the reading itself. Frustrated with how slow existing online dictionaries were, he wrote a program to help him translate and learn words in their original context. lingro's mission is to create an on-line environment that allows anyone learning a language to quickly look up and learn the vocabulary most important to them.

This episode features a description of a scenario where a student with multiple articulation difficulties is communicating effectively 90% of the time but needs help when telling about novel situations. A strategy was put in place that is effectively helping that student communicate with others during these times. This episode is one of my contributions to Better Hearing and Speech Month by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.

"Here's what's possible tomorrow: Your students are reading (and learning from) stories and articles they couldn't understand today. Each student is working with different high-interest material. Our exclusive Learning Sessions are actively teaching them their own customized word lists. Students are typing, listening, and learning words in context at the speed that's right for them. At Educator Central, you get detailed information that drives smart teaching decisions: learning errors, reading time, and more. Instead of typing and grading, you're designing interventions, putting resources where they're needed, and fostering achievement and learning."

Episode #116 features a description of how and why to use core vocabulary (high frequency words) as the basis for an augmentative/alternative communication system. The entire episode was generated using only "Frequently Occurring Home and School Words" from the list generated in the article "Vocabulary-Use Patterns in Preschool Children: Effects of Context and Time Sampling" by Christine A. Marvin, David R. Beukelman, and Denise Bilyeu published in Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Volume 10 in December, 1994. The episode demonstrates that using only high frequency words users can still elicit complex, generative language. You might find it beneficial to listen to the episode twice or to read along as you listen to the episode. TRANSCRIPT: http://bit.ly/howtohelpsaythingstranscript

"The Dynamic Learning Maps™ (DLM) Core Vocabulary is a list of words that have been determined to be highly useful for communicating in both social and academic contexts. The words are listed in rank order of utility based on a variety of factors that are fully explained in the DLM™ Core Vocabulary Overview paper. This word list includes vocabulary that is necessary for the DLM™ Essential Elements."

Dynamic learning maps for Core vocabulary

There is a rapidly growing body of research that demonstrates the positive effects of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention on the communication of children and adults with complex communication needs. Despite the positive impact of many AAC interventions, however, many individuals with complex communication needs continue to experience serious challenges participating in educational, vocational, healthcare, and community environments. In this paper, we apply the framework proposed by the International Classifi cation of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to illustrate the need to re-think AAC intervention to improve outcomes for individuals with complex communication needs, and to foster a new generation of intervention research that will provide a solid foundation for improved services. Specifi cally, the paper emphasizes the need to take a more holistic view of communication intervention and highlights the following key principles to guide AAC intervention and research: (a) build on the individual ' s strengths and focus on the integration of skills to maximize communication, (b) focus on the individual ' s participation in real-world contexts, (c) address psychosocial factors as well as skills, and (d) attend to extrinsic environmental factors as well as intrinsic factors related to the individual who requires AAC.

Children and adults with developmental delays have benefited from the use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems to develop language skills necessary for more generative and functional communication. Beginning communicators however, have historically been considered too young or too pre-linguistic and therefore have not been introduced to AAC systems until behaviors, thought to be prerequisites, have been noted. Recent research and theories about early communication development have challenged this traditional practice and broadened the scope of what is considered to be AAC. Practitioners and parents unfamiliar with early AAC options may not recognize possible applications of communication strategies used with typically developing children and older persons with developmental disabilities. AAC is applicable at all ages for learning communication roles and behaviors as well as for functional communication for persons who do not yet demonstrate clear referential symbol use. This article addresses nine questions that are frequently asked about early introduction of AAC systems to children under 3 years of age. Rationales and strategies are provided that can assist early interventionists and parents in considering AAC options for children at risk for being unintelligible or non-speaking.

to improve communication for verbal communicators when context is unknown http://www.speakingofspeech.com/uploads/Topic_Setting_board.pdf

Students are likely to know many more words than they use in their writing. This lesson is designed to help students better use their vocabulary by teaching (or reviewing) what verbs are and to then help them access verbs they already know and use them in sentences. Students work together to brainstorm and create lists of verbs for each of the letters of the alphabet. Then, choosing one verb for each letter, they create pages for an Action Alphabet book. Each page includes an illustration and a sentence using the verb in context. The project can be adapted according to age level and language ability. Students in kindergarten may work together on a class book, while older students may work in small groups or individually. Similarly, the complexity of the example sentences will vary depending on students' writing levels."

In this course, we will read British literature from about 1790 to 1945, examining literary works from the Romantic, Victorian, and twentieth-century periods in an historical and cultural context, and delving into some of the significant issues and debates that characterize and inform the literature and art of these periods. Although we will move quickly through a large number of authors and texts, the strategies and skills of close reading, analysis, and interpretation that we will focus on in this course will prepare you for more intensive study of English literature. These audio podcasts have been produced to reinforce and supplement the course's instructor notes, promote class discussion, and facilitate a deeper understanding of the course's texts. If you have any feedback, please send email to the instructor at: rsalbrig@hacc.edu.

great interactive site for understanding the Civil War.  Explore the relations of time, map, cause and group. ;in Beta, will expand