Skip to main content

Home/ Diigo In Education/ Group items tagged Long-term

Rss Feed Group items tagged

Filter: All | Bookmarks | Topics Simple Middle
D. S. Koelling

A Perfect Storm in Undergraduate Education, Part I - Advice - The Chronicle of Higher E... - 40 views

chronicle.com/...126451

shared by D. S. Koelling on 28 Feb 11 - No Cached
  • at least 45 percent of undergraduates demonstrated "no improvement in critical thinking, complex reasoning, and writing skills in the first two years of college, and 36 percent showed no progress in four years."
  • What good does it do to increase the number of students in college if the ones who are already there are not learning much? Would it not make more sense to improve the quality of education before we increase the quantity of students?
  • students in math, science, humanities, and social sciences—rather than those in more directly career-oriented fields—tend to show the most growth in the areas measured by the Collegiate Learning Assessment, the primary tool used in their study. Also, students learn more from professors with high expectations who interact with them outside of the classroom. If you do more reading, writing, and thinking, you tend to get better at those things, particularly if you have a lot of support from your teachers.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Increasingly, undergraduates are not prepared adequately in any academic area but often arrive with strong convictions about their abilities.
  • It has become difficult to give students honest feedback.
  • As the college-age population declines, many tuition-driven institutions struggle to find enough paying customers to balance their budgets. That makes it necessary to recruit even more unprepared students, who then must be retained, shifting the burden for academic success away from the student and on to the teacher.
  • Although a lot of emphasis is placed on research on the tenure track, most faculty members are not on that track and are retained on the basis of what students think of them.
  • Students gravitate to lenient professors and to courses that are reputedly easy, particularly in general education.
  • It is impossible to maintain high expectations for long unless everyone holds the line in all comparable courses—and we face strong incentives not to do that.
  • Formerly, full-time, tenured faculty members with terminal degrees and long-term ties to the institution did most of the teaching. Such faculty members not only were free to grade honestly and teach with conviction but also had a deep understanding of the curriculum, their colleagues, and the institutional mission. Now undergraduate teaching relies primarily on graduate students and transient, part-time instructors on short-term contracts who teach at multiple institutions and whose performance is judged almost entirely by student-satisfaction surveys.
  • Contingent faculty members, who are paid so little, routinely teach course loads that are impossible to sustain without cutting a lot of corners.
  • Many colleges are now so packed with transient teachers, and multitasking faculty-administrators, that it is impossible to maintain some kind of logical development in the sequencing of courses.
  • Students may be enjoying high self-esteem, but college teachers seem to be suffering from a lack of self-confidence.
  • Steve Ransom on 28 Feb 11
     
    So many issues here to deal with. Good read.
Deborah Baillesderr

The Addiction Poem Everyone Needs To Hear - 56 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...addiction-poem_n_4740361.html

Wow.

shared by Deborah Baillesderr on 29 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Deborah Baillesderr on 29 Mar 14
     
    ""Make your heart the strongest muscle that you've got." Those words are part of rapper IN-Q's "Addiction Poem," which narrates the video above. The powerful three-minute clip was posted to YouTube by Burning Tree, a long-term treatment program for substance abuse. The video contains a universal message of hope -- a reminder that we're not alone and that there's always a light at the end of the tunnel."
Gloria Maristany

Motivating the Child with Attention Deficit Disorder - 3 views

www.ldonline.org/19975

Disorder motivating attention deficit

shared by Gloria Maristany on 15 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • live very much in the present. Therefore, long-term goals and rewards (e.g., grades and report cards) are often ineffective motivators.
    • Gloria Maristany
      Gloria Maristany on 15 Jul 11
       
      Reason for immediate rewards/consequences.
  • basically two time frames — now and not now.
  • This Now/Not Now worldview causes great frustration for the child, his teachers, and his parents, and must be seriously considered when designing activities and approaches for motivating the child with ADD.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • respond more positively to a curriculum that allows him choices and options. He will also be more likely to participate actively in tasks when there is a degree of creativity and novelty
  • the presentation should be creative, colorful, multimodal, and enjoyable.
  • pervasive and complex disorder that impacts nearly all of the child's activities and interactions.
  • The child's impulsivity ("Ready, fire, aim!") can present serious safety concerns; his distractibility makes it extraordinarily difficult for him to understand and follow instructions; his memory difficulties make even rote learning troublesome; his executive processing problems (ability to plan and prioritize) present great challenges when he attempts to plan simple daily activities; his organizational deficiencies cause him tremendous problems with homework, household tasks, and long-term projects.
  • two most important words when dealing with these special children: "support" and "challenge."
  • The adult should continually challenge the child by presenting him with activities designed to improve his behavior and his learning, while simultaneously providing him with the support that he requires to meet these goals. Support without challenge is meaningless. Challenge without support is equally ineffective.
  • Among the specific teaching strategies that may foster the child's motivation are:
  • Gloria Maristany on 15 Jul 11
     
    Good description of the limitations they have and how it affects them in school.
Julio Quintero

Falling Short? College Learning and Career Success | Association of American Colleges &... - 19 views

www.aacu.org/...2015-survey-falling-short

liberal arts employment

shared by Julio Quintero on 22 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • Julio Quintero on 22 Jan 16
     
    The report summarizes selected findings from two different national surveys-one of business and nonprofit leaders and another of current college students. Consistent with findings from 5 earlier surveys commissioned by AAC&U as part of its ongoing Liberal Education and America's Promise (LEAP) Initiative, employers overwhelmingly endorse broad learning and cross-cutting skills as the best preparation for long-term career success.
Jeff Andersen

Our Approach | Flexible Learning - 11 views

flexible.learning.ubc.ca/our-approach

shared by Jeff Andersen on 02 Dec 18 - No Cached
  • Jeff Andersen on 02 Dec 18
     
    t's a comprehensive strategy that's changing how, when and where UBC students learn. Flexible learning boosts reasoning and retention, and lets students customize their experience to meet long-term educational and professional goals.
Martin Burrett

Early cooking skills strongly predict future nutritional well-being - 18 views

ukedchat.com/...early-cooking-skills

well-being wellbeing cook cooking research

shared by Martin Burrett on 24 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • Martin Burrett on 24 Sep 18
     
    "Evidence suggests that developing cooking and food preparation skills is important for health and nutrition, yet the practice of home cooking is declining and now rarely taught in school. A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that developing cooking skills as a young adult may have long-term benefits for health and nutrition."
Kris Cody

The Reading Brain in the Digital Age: The Science of Paper versus Screens: Scientific A... - 103 views

www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm

education reading research ebooks epub books

shared by Kris Cody on 10 May 13 - No Cached
  • prevented them from zooming out to see a neighborhood, state or country
    • Monica Williams-Mitchell
      Monica Williams-Mitchell on 10 May 13
       
      This explains, in real terms, why I've had so much struggle with online reading! Very interesting article.
  • Because of these preferences—and because getting away from multipurpose screens improves concentration—people consistently say that when they really want to dive into a text, they read it on paper
    • Kris Cody
      Kris Cody on 11 May 13
       
      This is backed up by a recent article: Faris, Michael J., and Stuart A. Selber. "E-Book Issues In Composition: A Partial Assessment And Perspective For Teachers." Composition Forum 24.(2011): ERIC. Web. 31 Mar. 2013.
  • Surveys and consumer reports also suggest that the sensory experiences typically associated with reading—especially tactile experiences—matter to people more than one might assume.
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • When reading a paper book, one can feel the paper and ink and smooth or fold a page with one's fingers; the pages make a distinctive sound when turned; and underlining or highlighting a sentence with ink permanently alters the paper's chemistry.
  • discernible size, shape and weight.
  • Although many old and recent studies conclude that people understand what they read on paper more thoroughly than what they read on screens, the differences are often small. Some experiments, however, suggest that researchers should look not just at immediate reading comprehension, but also at long-term memory.
  • When taking the quiz, volunteers who had read study material on a monitor relied much more on remembering than on knowing, whereas students who read on paper depended equally on remembering and knowing.
  • E-ink is easy on the eyes because it reflects ambient light just like a paper book, but computer screens, smartphones and tablets like the iPad shine light directly into people's faces.
  • the American Optometric Association officially recognizes computer vision syndrome.
  • People who took the test on a computer scored lower and reported higher levels of stress and tiredness than people who completed it on paper.
  • Although people in both groups performed equally well on the READ test, those who had to scroll through the continuous text did not do as well on the attention and working-memory tests.
  • Subconsciously, many people may think of reading on a computer or tablet as a less serious affair than reading on paper. Based on a detailed 2005 survey of 113 people in northern California, Ziming Liu of San Jose State University concluded that people reading on screens take a lot of shortcuts—they spend more time browsing, scanning and hunting for keywords compared with people reading on paper, and are more likely to read a document once, and only once.
  • When reading on screens, people seem less inclined to engage in what psychologists call metacognitive learning regulation—strategies such as setting specific goals, rereading difficult sections and checking how much one has understood along the way
  • Perhaps she and her peers will grow up without the subtle bias against screens that seems to lurk in the minds of older generations.
  • They think of using an e-book, not owning an e-book,"
  • Participants in her studies say that when they really like an electronic book, they go out and get the paper version.
  • When it comes to intensively reading long pieces of plain text, paper and ink may still have the advantage. But text is not the only way to read.
  • Monica Williams-Mitchell on 10 May 13
     
    it is difficult to see any one passage in the context of the entire text.
  • Kris Cody on 11 May 13
     
    it is difficult to see any one passage in the context of the entire text.
Martin Burrett

Managerialism in UK schools erodes teachers' mental health and well-being - 9 views

ukedchat.com/...managerialism-uk-schools

manager mental health wellbeing well-being

shared by Martin Burrett on 18 Jan 19 - No Cached
  • Martin Burrett on 18 Jan 19
     
    "Performance targets, increased workload, curriculum changes and other bureaucratic changes are eroding teachers' professional identity and harming their mental health, a new study in Educational Review finds. The study's authors interviewed 39 teachers across England and Wales who had experienced long term absence from work due to mental health problems, and six head, deputy and assistant head teachers who had dealt with mental health problems among staff."
Clint Heitz

Do we read differently on paper than on a screen? - 9 views

phys.org/...-differently-paper-screen.html

reading digital resources

shared by Clint Heitz on 21 Mar 18 - No Cached
  • In total, there are more than 180 researchers from 33 different countries participating in the COST-initiated research network E-READ, reading in an age of digital transformation. This network examines the effects and consequences of digital developments in terms of reading.
  • It is not a case of "one size fits all," but patterns are beginning to emerge from empirical research into the subject. The length of the text seems to be the most critical factor. If the text is long, needs to be read carefully and perhaps involves making notes, then studies show that many people, including young people such as students, still often prefer a printed book, even if it is available as both an e-book and in electronic formats with options for making notes, enabling the user to search for and highlight the text digitally. This is not the case when it comes to shorter texts.
  • When reading long, linear, continuous texts over multiple pages that require a certain amount of concentration, referred to as "Deep Reading," the reader often experiences better concentration and a greater overview when reading from a printed medium compared to a screen. When we are reading from a screen, only one section can be seen at a time and the available reading surface area is limited. If you read a printed medium such as a book, several text areas are available simultaneously and it feels easier to form an overview and make notes in the margins.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • However, an interesting finding in some of the empirical studies is that we tend to overestimate our own reading comprehension when we read on screen compared to on paper.
  • it has been found that we tend to read faster on screen and consequently understand less compared to when reading from paper. This is a very new research topic and there are studies that have not found any differences in this area.
  • such findings do highlight something very important, namely that we may have a different mental attitude to what we read on a screen. This has very significant implications, including in the context of education.
  • For example, reading literature has proven to have a stimulating effect on the imagination and encourage the development of empathy. Reading has an effect on our ability to concentrate and for abstract thinking. We want to discover if such processes are influenced by the reading medium.
  • There is a need for more empirical research on reading comprehension in terms of screen reading and also on the subjective reading experience.
Martin Burrett

Book: The Arts in Primary Education by @Gigske via @BloomsburyEd - 1 views

ukedchat.com/...arts-primary-edu

book book review

shared by Martin Burrett on 07 Sep 19 - No Cached
  • Martin Burrett on 07 Sep 19
     
    "The Arts in Primary Education shows how resources already present in schools, such as picture books or the outdoor environment, can be used to develop a creative culture. With a focus on long-term initiatives including partnerships with art institutions and the training and personal development of teachers, the book also presents clear and accessible explanations of the benefits of integrating the arts across a school. Backed by research and evidence and complete with images and descriptions of artworks, this guide is ideal for helping develop a whole-school arts curriculum to enrich learning and raise attainment in all subject areas."
Nigel Coutts

Five reads for September - The Learner's Way - 7 views

thelearnersway.net/...five-reads-for-september

reads september learner education teaching learning

shared by Nigel Coutts on 15 Sep 19 - No Cached
  • Nigel Coutts on 15 Sep 19
     
    For teachers in Australia, the long Term Three is drawing rapidly to a close. Indeed as I write this just ten days remain before a two-week break. This is the perfect time to consider a holiday reading list. Just enough time to raid the school library or place an order with your favourite book store. Here is what's currently occupying space on my nightstand. 
Nigel Coutts

Responding to COVID19: Now and in the long-term. - The Learner's Way - 1 views

thelearnersway.net/...vid19-now-and-in-the-long-term

online learning covid19 education remote teaching

shared by Nigel Coutts on 29 Mar 20 - No Cached
  • Nigel Coutts on 29 Mar 20
     
    At some point, we will need to pause. Lift our heads up and survey the scenery in this new world. Then, let us hope that we ask the right questions. Making time and space for a moment of pause and reflection will be crucial if it becomes clear that this is more than a brief fling with online learning.
oconnortammy

Education World: Are You a Techno-Constructivist? - 33 views

www.educationworld.com/...tech005.shtml

EDGI M2T2

shared by oconnortammy on 24 Apr 17 - Cached
  • not only complements instruction but redefines it.
    • missboess
      missboess on 24 Apr 17
       
      This statement encompasses what I am trying to achieve in this resource design assessment. It also clearly links to the SMAR model of best ICT use in education, by implementing learning experience with technology that 'redefines' the activity. Meaning the activity is something that could not be done without the technology used.
  • help children build on their own experiences, construct their own meanings, create products, and solve problems successfully.
    • missboess
      missboess on 24 Apr 17
       
      Encompasses the constructivist theory I am using in the resource design and furthermore links to the method of inquiry.
  • long-term problem-solving and product-generating tasks
    • missboess
      missboess on 24 Apr 17
       
      In my resource design students will take part in a long term water sustainability project. A website will assist them in attaining access to multiple resources, communication with the outerworld (blogging) and creating products such as videos, visuals etc.
    • oconnortammy
      oconnortammy on 24 Apr 17
       
      How are you helping your students to connect to the outside world? Are they having dialogues with others?
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • See The Webquest Page or WebQuest.org for endless materials.)
    • missboess
      missboess on 24 Apr 17
       
      Webquest was used as an inspiration for my resource design, as it provides a useful platform for inquiry units to be created. There are endless examples on there. I really recommend you have a look at them. I decided to create my own website on weebly, as it provided more options and interactivity.
Martin Burrett

Study finds reading information aloud to yourself improves memory - 19 views

ukedchat.com/...reading-aloud-improves-memory

memory research

shared by Martin Burrett on 13 Dec 17 - No Cached
  • Martin Burrett on 13 Dec 17
     
    "You are more likely to remember something if you read it out loud, a study from the University of Waterloo has found. A recent Waterloo study found that speaking text aloud helps to get words into long-term memory. Dubbed the "production effect," the study determined that it is the dual action of speaking and hearing oneself that has the most beneficial impact on memory."
Nigel Coutts

Reflecting on report writing time - How might we maximise the value? - The Learner's Way - 10 views

thelearnersway.net/...ow-might-we-maximise-the-value

report writing education learning assessment feedback

shared by Nigel Coutts on 13 Oct 19 - No Cached
  • Nigel Coutts on 13 Oct 19
     
    For schools in Australia and many parts of the world, we are heading towards the end of another school term and year. That means report writing season. For the next few weeks, teachers across the country will be huddled in front of computer screens, writing reflections on the progress their learners have made. Mark books will be opened, assessments consulted, work samples will be reviewed. All so that in the first week of the long Summer vacation students can sit and read their report and make plans for how they will enhance their learning in the coming year.
Jac Londe

OCDE - Direction des Statistiques - Organisation de coopération et de dévelop... - 4 views

www.oecd.org/...elocdefrequemmentdemandees.htm

OCDE Direction Statistiques Organisation coopération développement économiques

shared by Jac Londe on 07 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Statistiques de l'OCDE fréquemment demandées
  • A : Aide Aide Publique au Developpement (APD) Agrégats monétaires - Monnaie au sens étroit et au sens large B : Balance des paiements C : Chômage Commerce de détail Commerce internationa Conjoncture en bref (données mensuelles/ trimestrielles, % de variation : PIB, indicateurs avancés, prix...) Construction - Logements mis en chantier et permis de construire Cours des actions Coût unitaire de la main d'oeuvre Croissance D : Définitions Dépenses sociales Distribution des revenus E : Education Emploi Enfants F : Famille G : Gains horaires Ginis I : Indicateurs composites avancés Indicateurs de confiance des industriels et des ménages Indices des prix à la consommation Indices des prix à la production Inégalités Inflation M : Mères Méthodologie Migrations N : PPA - Niveau de prix comparés basés sur les PPA O : L'OCDE en chiffres Offres d'emploi P : Parités de pouvoir d'achat (PPA) PPA - Niveau de prix comparés basés sur les PPA Pauvreté Pensions Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE PISA Population Population étrangère Prestations et salaires Prix - Indices des prix à la consommation - Indices des prix à la production - PPA - Niveau de prix comparés basés sur les PPA   Production industrielle Productivité Produit intérieur brut (PIB) S : Santé Social Sources et définitions T : Taux de chômage harmonisés Taux d'intérêt (long terme et court terme) Taux de change V : Voitures de tourisme - immatriculations
  • Jac Londe on 07 Feb 14
     
    Des statistiques qui aident à comprendre nos sociétés et leurs interactions.
Kimberly Vance

The Trouble with Black Boys - - by Pedro A. Noguera / Education Rights / In Motion Maga... - 0 views

www.inmotionmagazine.com/...pntroub1.html

noguera education Academic Performance of Black Males Black Males

shared by Kimberly Vance on 07 Jan 09 - Cached
  • The effects of growing up in poverty, particularly for children raised in socially isolated, economically depressed urban areas, warrants greater concern, especially given that one out of every three Black children is raised in a poor household.(20) Here the evidence is clear that the risks faced by children, particularly African American males, in terms of health, welfare, and education, are substantially greater.(21) A recent longitudinal study on the development of children whose mothers used drugs (particularly crack cocaine) during pregnancy found that when compared to children residing in similar neighborhoods from similar socio-economic backgrounds, the children in the sample showed no greater evidence of long term negative effects. This is not because the incidence of physical and cognitive problems among the sample was not high, but because it was equally high for the control group. The stunned researchers, who fully expected to observe noticeable differences between the two groups, were compelled to conclude that the harmful effects of living within an impoverished inner-city environment outweighed the damage inflicted by early exposure to drugs.(22)
    • Kimberly Vance
      Kimberly Vance on 07 Jan 09
       
      This observational data seems to be confirmed by this study using EEG results - http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2008/12/02_cortex.shtml
  • Kimberly Vance on 07 Jan 09
     
    The Trouble with Black Boys - - by Pedro A. Noguera / Education Rights / In Motion Magazine
Gregory Louie

Students tap into technology - Pittsburgh Tribune-Review - 1 views

www.pittsburghlive.com/...s_612698.html

shared by Gregory Louie on 23 Feb 09 - Cached
  • use their laptops to read "Don Quixote" and Dante's "Divine Comedy" on the Internet
  • Technology is the wave of the future
  • a computer program
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • "Most jobs require computers," noted Brittnee Stephen, 16, as she assembled a slideshow on her HP Mini laptop. "It's good that we're learning it now."
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      The technology is still very visible, if students are talking in terms of 'computers' rather than the skills involved. We don't talk about 'paper' but writing, critical reading etc. Yet here the platform itself is emphasized. Early days, I guess.
  • has just begun incorporating technology
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      Uh, no. They have been using 'technology' forever, in the form of, say, books.
  • students seem far more interested in learning via interactive technology than they had been with a chalkboard and an overhead projector
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      Well, the problem here is that some of that can be ascribed to novelty. Once every class uses 'interactive technology' (yuk) then how much difference will there be? The tools are great. All tools can be useful. But focus on the pedagogy, people!
    • Scott Merrick
      Scott Merrick on 25 Feb 09
       
      I'm for focusing on understanding. I love the word "pedagogy" because most lay people don't really know what it entails--theory (which can be anything institutional or community deems effective or correct), practice (which, as we know, can be summed up with the phrase "mileage will vary"), and some third thing which if I could come up with it I'd have the magic 3 elements in an effective argument. I think effective tools used effectively by effective teachers (there! 3 uses of one adjective!) will remain effective as long as they are used to promote understanding. No argument here, Ed, just sayin'...
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 26 Feb 09
       
      Perhaps the magic third thing would be 'attitude' or 'state of mind'? Alternatively, perhaps another of those non-transparent terms, 'praxis'. The point I was trying to make, of course, was that it ain't what you use, it's the way that you use it.
  • "I think the kids that have turned school off because it's boring to them will come here and see something familiar,"
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      Boring and familiar seem to me to be closely related, not opposites. I suspect that often when students say their learning environment is 'boring' they mean 'challenging'.
  • Educational technology does not come cheaply
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      The cost of books is astronomical!
  • "Learning is changing,"
    • Ed Webb
      Ed Webb on 23 Feb 09
       
      Was it EVER the case that we could "just deliver a lecture and expect all the kids to get it"?
    • Gregory Louie
      Gregory Louie on 26 Feb 09
       
      Computer technology in my classroom has revolutionized my teaching of biology. Instead of static images on a printed page, or talk and chalk, my students can manipulate 3-D images of DNA, RNA and proteins. These have even been embedded in a research-based learning progression that leads the students to a robust understanding of the foundational elements of molecular literacy. 1. Atoms and molecules are constantly in motion. (A visualization is not possible on a 2-3 printed page.) 2. All atoms and molecules have a 3-D structure that determines how they interact with other particles. 3. Charges and other intermolecular forces play a role in atomic and molecular interactions. My students can see these for themselves, change the number of particles in a box, or the distribution of charge on a large particle or the temperature of the box and other thought experiments which they can follow in real-time. There is no way, I could do that without the computer!
Jackie Rippy

Soviet Psychology: Psychology and Marxism Internet Archive - 14 views

www.marxists.org/...ch04.htm

Luria Activity Theory

shared by Jackie Rippy on 11 Aug 11 - Cached
    • Jackie Rippy
      Jackie Rippy on 11 Aug 11
       
      This points to stark differences - what about subtle differences between cultures. Do our symbols affect brain development - do our tools affect brain development?
  • Other Gestalt psychologists emphasized the common properties of mind in all cultures
  • shifts
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • in the basic forms, as well as in the content of people's thinking.
  • The early 1930
  • had experienced the conditions necessary to alter radically the content and form of their thought.
  • we expected that they would display a predominance of those forms of thought that come from activity that is guided by the physical features of familiar objects.
  • Therefore we began, as most field work with people does, by emphasizing contact with the people who would serve as our subjects. We tried to establish friendly relations so that experimental sessions seemed natural and non-threatening. We were particularly careful not to conduct hasty or unprepared presentations of the test materials.
  • As a rule, our experimental sessions began with long conversations which were sometimes repeated with the subjects in the relaxed atmosphere of a tea house, where the villagers spent most of their free time, or in camps in the field and in mountain pastures around the evening campfire. These talks were frequently held in groups. Even when the interviews were held with one person, the experimenter and other subjects made up a group of two or three who listened attentively to the person being interviewed and who sometimes offered remarks or comments on what he said. The talk often took the form of a free-flowing exchange of opinion between participants, and a particular problem might be solved simultaneously by two or three subjects, each proposing an answer. Only gradually did the experimenters introduce the prepared tasks, which resembled the “riddles” familiar to the population and therefore seemed like a natural extension of the conversation.
  • He characterized primitive thinking as “prelogical” and “loosely organized.” Primitive people were said to be indifferent to logical contradiction and dominated by the idea that mystical forces control natural phenomena
  • We conceived the idea of carrying out the first far-reaching study of intellectual functions among adults from a non-technological non-literate, traditional society
  • hamlets
  • nomad
  • 1. Women living in remote villages who were illiterate and who were not involved in any modern social activities. There were still a considerable number of such women at the time our study was made. Their interviews were conducted by women, since they alone had the right to enter the women's quarters. 2. Peasants living in remote villages who were in no way involved with socialized labor and who continued to maintain an individualistic economy. These peasants were not literate. 3. Women who attended short-term courses in the teaching of kindergarteners. As a rule, they had no formal schooling and almost no training in literacy. 4. Active kolhoz (collective farm) workers and young people who had taken short courses. They were involved as chairmen running collective farms, as holders of other offices on the, collective farm, or as brigade leaders. They had considerable experience in planning production, distributing labor, and taking stock of output. By dealing with other collective farm members, they had acquired a much broader outlook than isolated peasants. But they had attended school only briefly, and many were still barely literate. 5. Women students admitted to teachers school after two or three years of study. Their educational qualifications, however, were still fairly low.
  • Short-term psychological experiments would have been highly problematic under the field conditions we expected to encounter
xiangren

Research Fellowships-Folger Shakespeare Library - 20 views

www.folger.edu/...Research-Fellowships.cfm

research shakespeare library

shared by xiangren on 18 Nov 14 - No Cached
    • xiangren
      xiangren on 18 Nov 14
       
      that is wonderful opportunity!
  • Each year scholars may compete for a limited number of Long-term and Short-term Fellowships.  Awardees are expected to be in continuous residence and to participate in the intellectual life of the Folger.
‹ Previous 21 - 40 of 72 Next › Last »
Showing 20▼ items per page