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kaleighallen

What Does Free Speech Mean? - 0 views

www.uscourts.gov/...free-speech.aspx

personal+freedoms freedom of speech government

shared by kaleighallen on 02 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Tessia Carroll on 02 Sep 13
     
    This is link is a government site that defines the First Amendment. This page defines what is and is not under the First Amendment.
  • ...1 more comment...
  • Rayford Winn on 08 Sep 14
     
    Among other cherished values, the First Amendment protects freedom of speech. The U.S. Supreme Court often has struggled to determine what exactly constitutes protected speech. The following are examples of speech, both direct (words) and symbolic (actions), that the Court has decided are either entitled to First Amendment protections, or not.
  • ashleyfee96 on 08 Sep 14
     
    Among other cherished values, the First Amendment protects freedom of speech. The U.S. Supreme Court often has struggled to determine what exactly constitutes protected speech. The following are examples of speech, both direct (words) and symbolic (actions), that the Court has decided are either entitled to First Amendment protections, or not.
  • kaleighallen on 08 Sep 14
     
    This website allows to look at the First Amendment and get a better understanding of what freedom of speech really means.
anonymous

Does the Fourth Amendment Still Fit in the 21st Century? - 1 views

www.abajournal.com/...ent_still_fit_the_21st_century

fourth+amendment personal+freedoms privacy privacy+act search+and+seizure dna global+positioning+system

shared by anonymous on 02 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • anonymous on 02 Jun 13
     
    This article relates to the Fourth Amendment; unreasonable search and seizure. The question is; does GPS and DNA violate our Fourth Amendment if utilized without our knowledge?
anonymous

First Amendment Freedom of Speech | First Amendment Center - 0 views

www.firstamendmentcenter.org/about-the-first-amendment

personal+freedoms freedom of speech America religion

shared by anonymous on 03 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Josh Ackerman-Blake on 03 Jun 13
     
    This article talks about the first Amendment and how it is the blueprint for personal freedom. Having freedom of religion is one of the many freedoms we have in this country.
  • anonymous on 30 Aug 13
     
    This article explains why the First Amendment was created. It also contains links to surveys relating to this topic and important landmark court cases relating to the First Amendment. The website in general contains many articles on other freedoms.
anonymous

Amendment 5 - Law Dictionary. - 0 views

legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Amendment+5

personal+freedoms amendment 5 law dictionary fair trial

shared by anonymous on 30 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • anonymous on 30 Aug 13
     
    This article elaborates on each part of the Fifth Amendment (the right to a fair trial). It contains interesting information on everything regarding to the Fifth Amendment. The website also has information on the other Amendments to the Constitution .
guadalupe mejia

Hidden camera catches culprit taking man's Second Amendment sign | Fox News - 0 views

www.foxnews.com/...king-man-second-amendment-sign

personal+freedoms second+amendment vandalism

shared by guadalupe mejia on 27 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • guadalupe mejia on 27 Jan 14
     
    A New York man, frustrated when his pro-Second Amendment sign kept disappearing, was surprised when the hidden camera he set up revealed the culprit to be a local cop.
  • guadalupe mejia on 27 Jan 14
     
    A New York man, frustrated when his pro-Second Amendment sign kept disappearing, was surprised when the hidden camera he set up revealed the culprit to be a local cop.
mayleymadrid

Next 10 Amendments: Flag burning and protected free speech - 1 views

blog.constitutioncenter.org/...ning-and-protected-free-speech

shared by mayleymadrid on 04 Sep 16 - No Cached
  • mayleymadrid on 04 Sep 16
     
    Is burning or desecrating the American flag a right protected by the First Amendment? Or should a new constitutional amendment outlaw both acts? The issue of desecrating the flag goes back in the courts almost 100 years. Finally in 1989, the Supreme Court decided in Texas v.
  • ...2 more comments...
  • casbautista on 04 Sep 16
     
    I was watching a lecture by Michael Parenti on this subject. A few people would argue that there are other bigger problems our nation should address before this issue, but I argue that this topic is important too. Nice read.
  • bri2104912 on 05 Sep 16
     
    It is interesting to know that this has been a problem for almost 100 years it amazing. In my own opinion I feel it is disrespectful to Americans and our military. On the other hand I can see where some would think it is a right for the 1st Amendment.
  • lyn2166705 on 05 Sep 16
     
    I do not think that burning the American flag is really effective as it only makes others mad. I think that people should protest if they are upset about something or believe something is unfair. I do not think that people should protest violently/aggressively, though. A lot of people protest peacefully, but some do protest violently- which only puts a harsh look on the whole situation.
  • mrick30 on 05 Sep 16
     
    I understand that there is a lot wrong with this country and people have a right to be upset with our government and how the country is right now. I feel that the flag symbolizes much more than just our country. I feel like it stands for every man and woman fighting for this country in the military. The flag symbolizes the military people that have died for us. I feel like buring the flag is complete disrespect to those that have died for our country and their families. There are so many ways to protest your beliefs about the country, there is no need to burn the flag that I feel represents the honor of those that have died for our country.
bai2118295

Preserving the Second Amendment - 0 views

studentsforliberty.org/...reserving-the-second-amendment

Second Amendment Justice personal+freedom

shared by bai2118295 on 04 Sep 16 - No Cached
  • bai2118295 on 04 Sep 16
     
    The second amendment is one of the most pressing issues in today's society. Many cases are being made against it and it is important that we realize just how necessary it is.
cam21314

An interpretation of the First Amendment - 0 views

constitutioncenter.org/...m-of-religion-press-expression

personal+freedoms amendment rights

shared by cam21314 on 08 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • cam21314 on 08 Sep 14
     
    This site offers a deep description of what the First Amendment truly is. It goes through the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
jennifertingwald

North Dakota Pro-Lifers: Don't Call Our Personhood Amendment a Personhood Amendment | M... - 0 views

www.motherjones.com/...th-dakota-personhood-amendment

Personal+Freedom North+Dakota Personhood+bill Infertility IVF

shared by jennifertingwald on 02 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • jennifertingwald on 02 Feb 15
     
    A look at the proponents view and intention of Measure 1, the ballot amendment that would define a person's life as beginning at conception, for the 2014 election.
joshuaschwirian

Guns, the NRA and the Second Amendment are under assault from the left - 1 views

www.nbcnews.com/...under-assault-left-ncna1237712

second+amendment constitutional+rights personal+freedoms

shared by joshuaschwirian on 31 Jan 21 - No Cached
  • joshuaschwirian on 31 Jan 21
     
    The attorney general speaks on the behalf of upholding the second amendment in times of civil unrest when innocent people are being attacked and buildings burned. Without the second amendment American people would not be able to protect themselves.
Marcus Rentrope

Second amendment the Right to bear arms - 0 views

www.deseretnews.com/...damental-personal-freedom.html

Gun+Control

shared by Marcus Rentrope on 06 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Marcus Rentrope on 06 Jun 13
     
    Giving up the second amendment which is the right to protect yourself against unlawful governments and criminals. Throwing away your gun is not the answer.
Marcus Rentrope

2nd Amendment - 0 views

pages.townhall.com/...GA

Gun+Control

shared by Marcus Rentrope on 09 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Marcus Rentrope on 09 Jun 13
     
    Congress and Obama limiting the 2nd amendment.
anonymous

The Second Amendment & the Right to Bear Arms - 0 views

www.livescience.com/26485-second-amendment.html

bear arms personal+freedoms

shared by anonymous on 24 Jan 13 - No Cached
  • Alberto Sandoval on 24 Jan 13
     
    Different view points on the right to bear arms. A little history on the second amendment also.
  • anonymous on 02 Sep 13
     
    Since its ratification, Americans have been arguing over the amendment's meaning and interpretation. One side interprets the amendment to mean it provides for collective rights, while the opposing view is that it provides individual rights.
mar2387094

NRA 2nd Amendmnet rights - 1 views

home.nra.org

gun laws 2nd Amendment personal freedom personal+freedoms

shared by mar2387094 on 26 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • mar2387094 on 26 Jan 17
     
    The National rifle association fights for the right of American citizen to bare arms. It helps to find policies and legislations as well as news pertaining to the second amendment
  • kat2222004 on 26 Jan 17
     
    This doesn't lead to an article. The nra is perfectly fine with guns even if it leads to a large number of mass shootings. It get to the debate of is it a personal freedom to be able to kill another person.
  • albertskarsten on 26 Jan 17
     
    I didn't find a specific article on 2nd amendment rights. Just the web page for the largest gun lobby in America.
ashleyfee96

First Amendment - 0 views

www.law.cornell.edu/...first_amendment

personal+freedoms Personal+Freedom rights government speech

shared by ashleyfee96 on 08 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • ashleyfee96 on 08 Sep 14
     
    first amendment: an overview The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects the right to freedom of religion and freedom of expression from government interference. See U.S. Const. amend. I. Freedom of expression consists of the rights to freedom of speech, press, assembly and to petition the government for a redress of grievances, and the implied rights of association and belief.
Cheryl Akers

Second Amendment | Wex Legal Dictionary / Encyclopedia | LII / Legal Information Institute - 0 views

www.law.cornell.edu/...second_amendment

gun gun+ownership second+amendment personal+freedoms

shared by Cheryl Akers on 31 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Cheryl Akers on 31 Jan 15
     
    The constitution's second amendment states "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." This article attempts to define what that means.
vivientosi

Sixth Amendment | Constitution | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute - 0 views

www.law.cornell.edu/...sixth_amendment

law

shared by vivientosi on 25 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • vivientosi on 25 Jan 16
     
    This page shows the 6th amendment and the rights it supplies us with. Trial by jury is a personal freedom citizens have in the United states when going to court.
  • vivientosi on 25 Jan 16
     
    This page shows the 6th amendment and the rights it supplies us with. Trial by jury is a personal freedom citizens have in the United states when going to court.
Shannon Hardt-Patino

Freedom of Expression | American Civil Liberties Union - 0 views

www.aclu.org/freedom-expression-0

personal+freedoms free+speech first+amendment ACLU

shared by Shannon Hardt-Patino on 30 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • Shannon Hardt-Patino on 30 Jan 16
     
    Discusses freedom of expression in its different forms and its protection under the First Amendment. Explains why freedom of expression is necessary in order to be a free nation. Although freedom of expression is legally protected, it is often tested and must be protected.
  • Shannon Hardt-Patino on 30 Jan 16
     
    Discusses freedom of expression in its different forms and its protection under the First Amendment. Explains why freedom of expression is necessary in order to be a free nation. Although freedom of expression is legally protected, it is often tested and must be protected.
mor2121575

Free Speech in the Algorithmic Society_ Big Data Private Governa.pdf - 0 views

personal+freedom algorithm private+governance

shared by mor2121575 on 07 Sep 21 - No Cached
  • The problems of free speech in any era are shaped by the communications technology available for people to use and by the ways that people actually use that technology.
  • The First Amendment, I argued, would prove increasingly inadequate to this task;5 moreover, if courts interpreted the Constitution in a short-sighted manner, judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment would actually hinder the protection and development of a truly democratic culture. 6
  • To be sure, digital companies would often find themselves on the side of the values of a democratic culture. But just as often they would seek constitutional protection for novel forms of surveillance and control of individuals and groups. 9
  • ...31 more annotations...
  • The Algorithmic Society features the collection of vast amounts of data about individuals and facilitates new forms of surveillance, control, discrimination and manipulation, both by governments and by private companies. Call this the problem of Big Data. 10
  • In the digital age, individuals do not face the familiar dyadic model of speech regulation. In a dyadic model, there are two central actors: the power of the state threatens the individual's right to speak.
  • In the pluralist model individuals may be controlled, censored, and surveilled both by the nation state and by the owners of many different kinds of private infrastructure
  • In this world, the judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment, although still necessary, are inadequate to provide sufficient guarantees of free expression.
  • The Algorithmic Society depends on huge databases that can cheaply and easily be collected, collated, and analyzed.
  • New forms of wealth emerge in the Digital Age just as they did in the Industrial Revolution. Four especially important forms of wealth in the Information Age are intellectual property, fame, information security, and Big Data.
  • We should make a key distinction between distributed and democratic power. A form of power is democratic if many people participate in it and participate in decisionmaking about how to
  • employ it. A form of power is distributed if it operates in many different places and affects many different people and situations. In some ways the Internet and its associated digital technologies have made power more democratic. But in other ways the Internet has made it possible for power to be widely distributed but not democratic.
  • We tend to associate power with the effects of technology itself. But technology is actually a way of exemplifying and constituting relationships of power between one set of human beings and another set of human beings. This was true even of the technology of writing, which, Claude Levi-Strauss famously asserted, was used to organize the labor of slaves. 20 It is true today in the development of decisionmaking by algorithms and Al agents.
  • the Algorithmic Age is a struggle over the collection, transmission, use, and analysis of data. For this reason, the central constitutional questions do not concern freedom of contract. They concern freedom of expression.
  • The most important question is not whether robots have First Amendment rights; it is whether companies will be able to shield themselves from regulation by claiming that their uses of Al agents, robots, and algorithms are First Amendment protected activities.
  • Two key ideas help us understand when the First Amendment permits legal regulation of the people and organizations that use Big Data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence. The first is the concept of information fiduciaries. The second is the concept of algorithmic nuisance.
  • Governments can impose reasonable regulations on how information fiduciaries collect, use, distribute, and sell information derived from their fiduciary relationships with end-users.
  • Fiduciary relationships involve asymmetries of power, information, and transparency. 2 7
  • Although these businesses use data and share data, the First Amendment does not prevent regulation of how they make and implement their decisions. That is because permissible regulation aims at the outputs of algorithmic decisionmaking: discrimination and manipulation.4 1
  • This means that many of the digital organizations that people deal with every day - including Internet service providers ("ISPs"), search engines, and social media platforms - should be treated as information fiduciaries with respect to their clients and end-users. Therefore, consistent with the First Amendment, governments can subject the information fiduciary to reasonable restrictions on collection, collation, analysis, use, sale, and distribution of personal information.
  • his is the idea of algorithmic nuisance. The concept of algorithmic nuisance applies when companies use Big Data and algorithms to make judgments that construct people's identities, traits, and associations that affect people's opportunities and vulnerabilities.
  • The classic examples of information fiduciaries are doctors and lawyers. 2 9 Both collect lots of personal information about their clients, their operations are not transparent to relatively untrained clients, and clients' ability to monitor professionals is limited by their lack of training.
  • Businesses use algorithms and ratings systems derived from algorithms to make decisions about who gets what opportunity - credit, a job, or entrance to and exclusion from any number of different benefits. In order to make these decisions, businesses increasingly rely on Big Data and algorithms, because so many decisions have to be made and it is too costly to engage in individualized decisionmaking. 47
  • The idea behind algorithmic nuisance is that algorithmic decisionmaking has cumulative side effects on populations as more and more public and private businesses adopt it.49 Algorithms construct people's identities and reputations by classifying them as risky,
  • To deal with this new organization of consumer products and services, we need the concepts of information fiduciary and algorithmic nuisance. Home robots and smart appliances collect an enormous amount of information about us which, in theory, can be collated with information about many other people that is stored in the cloud. Home robots and smart appliances are always-on, interconnected cloud entities that rely on and contribute to huge databases.
  • The second set of issues is symbolized by the ideas of "the right to forget" and "fake news." These two issues may seem unrelated. In fact, they are about the same issue: a fundamental change in how freedom of speech is regulated in the digital era. This alteration in governance has two key elements. The first is a change in how governments regulate - or attempt to regulate - speech in the digital era, from "old school" to "new school" speech regulation. The second is that privately owned online platforms engage in private governance of speech.
  • Both the creation of a right to forget and recent calls for a solution to the problem of fake news are examples of a larger phenomenon: the emergence of a new form of government speech regulation.
  • Nation states have not abandoned old school speech regulation. But they have increasingly moved to new school speech regulation because online speech is hard to govern. Speakers may be judgment proof, anonymous, and located outside the country, and they may not be human at all, but an army of bots. By contrast, owners of infrastructure are usually large for-profit enterprises, they are readily identifiable, and they have assets and do business within nation states
  • The first key feature of new school speech regulation is collateral censorship. Collateral censorship occurs when the state aims at A in order to control B's speech. 6
  • Problems of collateral censorship occur whenever governments adopt intermediary liability rules. 7 0
  • A key problem of administrative prior restraint is that it involves informal or bureaucratic censorship. 7 2
  • In a system of prior restraints, by contrast, the effects of the burden of action are flipped. The speaker may not speak unless he or she gets prior permission; until the bureaucrat or employee gets around to giving permission, the speech is forbidden.
  • Because of the dangers of collateral censorship, some governments, like the United States, provide for varying degrees of intermediary immunity. 7 7 Intermediary immunity rules relieve collateral censorship by holding the infrastructure owner harmless for content that is stored on their sites, or moves through their channels, when certain conditions are met.
  • A second key feature of new school speech regulation is public/ private cooperation and cooptation. 8 1 Governments aim at infrastructure providers in order to get them to censor or regulate the speech of people that governments cannot easily otherwise control. New school speech regulation seeks to coax the infrastructure provider into helping the state in various ways.
  • The relationship between nation states and infrastructure providers varies along a spectrum. It ranges from direct regulation, to threats, to suggestions that things will go better for infrastructure operators if they cooperate, to negotiations over the terms of cooperation.
  • mor2121575 on 07 Sep 21
     
    A research paper by Jack Balkin on the rise of algorithms within society, repercussions of these algorithms being used by large businesses, and the scope of relationships between Big Data, private consumers, and national governmental bodies. Primarily, this paper looks at the increasing interconnection of these relationships, how they've changed in the years since the internet and algorithms have been introduced, and how the First Amendment may no longer be enough in this new online space.
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