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guadalupe mejia

PROTECTING YOUR PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS - 0 views

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    court ruling expanded the ability of state and local governments to exercise eminent domain powers to seize private property under the guise of "economic development" when the "public use" is something as non-public as a new housing development or shopping center that would generate more tax revenues even in situations where the government takes property from one private individual and gives it to another private entity. cities may now take private residencies to build shopping centers and malls.
ash2176825

The Problem with Arizona's Private Prisons - 2 views

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    This article goes into the horror's of private prisons in Arizona. It discuss the mistreatment of inmates & a lawsuit that is being filed against them. It goes over the difference from for profit prisons & government run prisons.
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    Private prisons contribute to an industry based on incarcerating people and profit on recidivism and lack of rehabilitation programs.
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    I agree that there is a lot wrong with the private prisons and the way they are ran. I found this to be very insightful.
mor2121575

Free Speech in the Algorithmic Society_ Big Data Private Governa.pdf - 0 views

  • The problems of free speech in any era are shaped by the communications technology available for people to use and by the ways that people actually use that technology.
  • The First Amendment, I argued, would prove increasingly inadequate to this task;5 moreover, if courts interpreted the Constitution in a short-sighted manner, judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment would actually hinder the protection and development of a truly democratic culture. 6
  • To be sure, digital companies would often find themselves on the side of the values of a democratic culture. But just as often they would seek constitutional protection for novel forms of surveillance and control of individuals and groups. 9
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  • The Algorithmic Society features the collection of vast amounts of data about individuals and facilitates new forms of surveillance, control, discrimination and manipulation, both by governments and by private companies. Call this the problem of Big Data. 10
  • In the digital age, individuals do not face the familiar dyadic model of speech regulation. In a dyadic model, there are two central actors: the power of the state threatens the individual's right to speak.
  • In the pluralist model individuals may be controlled, censored, and surveilled both by the nation state and by the owners of many different kinds of private infrastructure
  • In this world, the judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment, although still necessary, are inadequate to provide sufficient guarantees of free expression.
  • The Algorithmic Society depends on huge databases that can cheaply and easily be collected, collated, and analyzed.
  • New forms of wealth emerge in the Digital Age just as they did in the Industrial Revolution. Four especially important forms of wealth in the Information Age are intellectual property, fame, information security, and Big Data.
  • We should make a key distinction between distributed and democratic power. A form of power is democratic if many people participate in it and participate in decisionmaking about how to
  • employ it. A form of power is distributed if it operates in many different places and affects many different people and situations. In some ways the Internet and its associated digital technologies have made power more democratic. But in other ways the Internet has made it possible for power to be widely distributed but not democratic.
  • We tend to associate power with the effects of technology itself. But technology is actually a way of exemplifying and constituting relationships of power between one set of human beings and another set of human beings. This was true even of the technology of writing, which, Claude Levi-Strauss famously asserted, was used to organize the labor of slaves. 20 It is true today in the development of decisionmaking by algorithms and Al agents.
  • the Algorithmic Age is a struggle over the collection, transmission, use, and analysis of data. For this reason, the central constitutional questions do not concern freedom of contract. They concern freedom of expression.
  • The most important question is not whether robots have First Amendment rights; it is whether companies will be able to shield themselves from regulation by claiming that their uses of Al agents, robots, and algorithms are First Amendment protected activities.
  • Two key ideas help us understand when the First Amendment permits legal regulation of the people and organizations that use Big Data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence. The first is the concept of information fiduciaries. The second is the concept of algorithmic nuisance.
  • Governments can impose reasonable regulations on how information fiduciaries collect, use, distribute, and sell information derived from their fiduciary relationships with end-users.
  • Fiduciary relationships involve asymmetries of power, information, and transparency. 2 7
  • Although these businesses use data and share data, the First Amendment does not prevent regulation of how they make and implement their decisions. That is because permissible regulation aims at the outputs of algorithmic decisionmaking: discrimination and manipulation.4 1
  • This means that many of the digital organizations that people deal with every day - including Internet service providers ("ISPs"), search engines, and social media platforms - should be treated as information fiduciaries with respect to their clients and end-users. Therefore, consistent with the First Amendment, governments can subject the information fiduciary to reasonable restrictions on collection, collation, analysis, use, sale, and distribution of personal information.
  • his is the idea of algorithmic nuisance. The concept of algorithmic nuisance applies when companies use Big Data and algorithms to make judgments that construct people's identities, traits, and associations that affect people's opportunities and vulnerabilities.
  • The classic examples of information fiduciaries are doctors and lawyers. 2 9 Both collect lots of personal information about their clients, their operations are not transparent to relatively untrained clients, and clients' ability to monitor professionals is limited by their lack of training.
  • Businesses use algorithms and ratings systems derived from algorithms to make decisions about who gets what opportunity - credit, a job, or entrance to and exclusion from any number of different benefits. In order to make these decisions, businesses increasingly rely on Big Data and algorithms, because so many decisions have to be made and it is too costly to engage in individualized decisionmaking. 47
  • The idea behind algorithmic nuisance is that algorithmic decisionmaking has cumulative side effects on populations as more and more public and private businesses adopt it.49 Algorithms construct people's identities and reputations by classifying them as risky,
  • To deal with this new organization of consumer products and services, we need the concepts of information fiduciary and algorithmic nuisance. Home robots and smart appliances collect an enormous amount of information about us which, in theory, can be collated with information about many other people that is stored in the cloud. Home robots and smart appliances are always-on, interconnected cloud entities that rely on and contribute to huge databases.
  • The second set of issues is symbolized by the ideas of "the right to forget" and "fake news." These two issues may seem unrelated. In fact, they are about the same issue: a fundamental change in how freedom of speech is regulated in the digital era. This alteration in governance has two key elements. The first is a change in how governments regulate - or attempt to regulate - speech in the digital era, from "old school" to "new school" speech regulation. The second is that privately owned online platforms engage in private governance of speech.
  • Both the creation of a right to forget and recent calls for a solution to the problem of fake news are examples of a larger phenomenon: the emergence of a new form of government speech regulation.
  • Nation states have not abandoned old school speech regulation. But they have increasingly moved to new school speech regulation because online speech is hard to govern. Speakers may be judgment proof, anonymous, and located outside the country, and they may not be human at all, but an army of bots. By contrast, owners of infrastructure are usually large for-profit enterprises, they are readily identifiable, and they have assets and do business within nation states
  • The first key feature of new school speech regulation is collateral censorship. Collateral censorship occurs when the state aims at A in order to control B's speech. 6
  • Problems of collateral censorship occur whenever governments adopt intermediary liability rules. 7 0
  • A key problem of administrative prior restraint is that it involves informal or bureaucratic censorship. 7 2
  • In a system of prior restraints, by contrast, the effects of the burden of action are flipped. The speaker may not speak unless he or she gets prior permission; until the bureaucrat or employee gets around to giving permission, the speech is forbidden.
  • Because of the dangers of collateral censorship, some governments, like the United States, provide for varying degrees of intermediary immunity. 7 7 Intermediary immunity rules relieve collateral censorship by holding the infrastructure owner harmless for content that is stored on their sites, or moves through their channels, when certain conditions are met.
  • A second key feature of new school speech regulation is public/ private cooperation and cooptation. 8 1 Governments aim at infrastructure providers in order to get them to censor or regulate the speech of people that governments cannot easily otherwise control. New school speech regulation seeks to coax the infrastructure provider into helping the state in various ways.
  • The relationship between nation states and infrastructure providers varies along a spectrum. It ranges from direct regulation, to threats, to suggestions that things will go better for infrastructure operators if they cooperate, to negotiations over the terms of cooperation.
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    A research paper by Jack Balkin on the rise of algorithms within society, repercussions of these algorithms being used by large businesses, and the scope of relationships between Big Data, private consumers, and national governmental bodies. Primarily, this paper looks at the increasing interconnection of these relationships, how they've changed in the years since the internet and algorithms have been introduced, and how the First Amendment may no longer be enough in this new online space.
alannahmattal

Public education the social justice issue of our time - 1 views

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    This website states that a major social justice problem in our society occurs in public schools. Due to the government providing very little money towards public schools, wealthier schools are able to excel more.
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    This article is very eye opening for those who are unaware of the differences in education between public and private schools due to financial differences. It gives insight as to why public schools are not as successful with education versus private schools. Often times more money is dumped into a private school whom can afford it versus public schools who cannot.
rcbraaten

Privacy: A Failed Experiment? - 1 views

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    Is privacy real? Google records websites visited on computers to pop up ads, that's how they make their money. Privacy is seeming less like a right and more of a goal. With surveillance of the government are infringing more upon citizens privacy. Why should the government be able to view our emails when Hillary Clinton deletes all of hers and is backed by the FBI?
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    I completely agree. I feel that privacy is a mere illusion in our society. Just because their is no paper trail, does not mean that there is no digital fingerprint. The government has always been a double-standard in how they have the power to make the rules, and yet they break them. People like Hillary just have more connections and the means to get themselves out of trouble.
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    This was a very interesting article. It does give a lot of truths about how the goverment has gone behind our backs and gone through people's private information at times. It is not fair at all for the government to be doing something like this without reasonable suspicion and a court order.
pat2205578

Individual Rights & Personal Freedoms - 1 views

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    This article is written by a Congressman, Bob Goodlatte. He is describing his stance on personal freedoms and bullet points actions he has taken. The actions include surveillance, privacy, the right to bear arms, and healthcare to name a few.
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    One congressman's view on what personal freedoms are. Bob Goodlatte plainly states his opinions on what he thinks personal freedoms are, where they come from, and what we must do to acknowledge these freedoms
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    The Purpose of the United States government is to protect the God-given rights of the people, from our First Amendment rights to free speech and religious freedom, to our Second Amendment right to bear arms, to our rights to hold private property and be free of unreasonable searches and seizures. Congressman, Bob Goodlatte describes his views on personal freedoms and citizen's rights.
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    This site is supporting personal freedom from the view point of Congressman Bob Goodlatte. In this site, there are several acts supported specifically.
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    The author believes that our rights come from god, not the government. We should protect these god-given rights against infringement.
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    The author states his belief that our rights come from god, not the government. He also believes that we must protect these god-given rights.
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    "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
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    This explains a persons individual rights and personal freedoms and that the government cannot infringe upon them.
joseph augusta

Gun Control Debate: When Ammo Runs Short, Should Citizens Come Before Government? - 0 views

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    Private citizens don't need ammo two or three years in the future.They need it at prices the poor and middle class citizen, who needs self-protection the most, can afford. We don't need single women being raped and murdered because they couldn't afford, or couldn't buy, ammunition for their personal firearm.
car2199918

The Politics Of Obesity: Seven Steps To Government Action - 0 views

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    This article talks about the causes of obesity in today's world. The article argues about the personal freedom and rights of an individual in the way they choose to live their life. The article also makes points about how the government can regulate people's accessibility to unhealthy foods and educate people on the fats contained in each item. The article talks about an individual's privacy if being obese and consuming foods they choose is a private matter.
dan2084143

Banking on Bondage: Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration - 0 views

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    The imprisonment of human beings at record levels is both a moral failure and an economic one - especially at a time when more and more Americans are struggling to make ends meet and when state governments confront enormous fiscal crises. Having a system that relies on mass incarceration to continue in order to make profits goes against the purpose of the criminal justice system.
Rayford Winn

Smoking in Public Places - it's about rights too - 0 views

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    Smoking in Public Places - it's about rights too It's popular to ban smoking in public places, but there are a lot of issues about rights that need to be considered. We also need to consider what a "public place" is and whether the government has any business regulating private affairs and personal choices in places owned and managed by private parties.
tcrockett89

Fast Facts - 1 views

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    "Question: What percentage of students with disabilities are educated in regular classrooms? Response: The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), enacted in 1975, mandates that children and youth ages 3-21 with disabilities be provided a free and appropriate public school education. In fall 2013, some 95 percent of 6- to 21-year-old students with disabilities were served in regular schools; 3 percent were served in a separate school for students with disabilities; 1 percent were placed in regular private schools by their parents; and less than 1 percent each were served in one of the following environments: in a separate residential facility, homebound or in a hospital, or in a correctional facility. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (2016). Digest of Education Statistics, 2015 (NCES 2016-014), Chapter 2."
bri2104912

Benghazi: What the report reveals about Hillary Clinton - 1 views

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    This article talks about the Benghazi attacks on 4 Americans that were ambushed in there compound. Explain how the white house new of these attacks and what was Hillary Clinton's involvement.
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    I think that it was a good thing that they found out about these emails being sent. In some ways I think that I was wrong for them to go into her emails because that shows that the government will invade anyone's privacy.
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    I think that this was a necessary action to take, this could be out next president. It's unfortunate that these things are being lied about and covered up.
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    I think this is a pertinent piece of information about a possible presidential candidate. Why would she use her private e-mail when she knows that it's violates governmental regulation and then delete those e-mails? I think she is too skilled of a politician with something to hide. There is more to Hillary than meets the eye.
moralesjacob

Spy Files - 1 views

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    The ACLU Campaign to Stop Illegal Spying Today the government is spying on Americans in ways the founders of our country never could have imagined.
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    No one should be able to look into other peoples privacy especially if it is illegal. The privacy of someone should stay private and people should respect that.
albertskarsten

Pipelines Explained: How Safe are America's 2.5 Million Miles of Pipelines? - 0 views

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    This article explains the pros and cons of oil pipelines in the united states.It details costs for maintaining the 2.5 million miles of pipe and cleanup when these pipes fail. The environmental concerns of proponents, and the casualties caused by their inevitable demise through corrosion due to weather and age. This article sites information and data gathered from federal and private environmental agency's and groups outlining the risks of Americas aging and extensive energy pipelines. The scary part is how little oversight on the safety and maintenance these company's who advocate for the safety of these pipes are given. While a slew of federal and state agencies oversee some aspect of America's pipelines, the bulk of government monitoring and enforcement falls to a small agency within the Department of Transportation called the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. The agency is understaffed and lacks the resources to adequately monitor the millions of miles of pipelines over which it does have authority.
Nicholas Dubs

The Great American Hospital Pricing Scam Exposed-We Now Know Why Healthcare Costs Are S... - 0 views

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    Hospital Billing procedures are so bizarre with their horrendous price variations. Identical procedure are being offered at a ridiculous price. Hospitals have raise their rates which is part of a negotiation with private health insurers and the government has been keeping it hushed.
Katie Waite

The Tuition is Too Damn High, Part III - The three reasons tuition is rising - 0 views

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    The article goes over three reasons why tuition is increasing. The factors effect all kind of schools differently, from Private Institutions to Community College. Money is shifting from the government to students, which is affecting families.
Adam Tschetter

Our Federal Reserve - 0 views

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    Many people don't realize it, but the United States government does not control the United States currency. The Federal Reserve is a private business. The crazy part is that the way our monetary system works is the same way the English banking system worked back in the day. In fact, that was one of the reasons for the Revolution in the first place
Brittany Wilber

New Gun Restrictions in Nevada - 0 views

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    There will be extended background checks when private gun sales are made. This was passed June 1st. This is only in Nevada, a democratic state, as of now.
smagenot

Betsy DeVos, a Friend of LGBT Rights? - 1 views

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    In interviews with past colleagues, Betsy DeVos is shown in private to be a friend of the LGBT community, a stark contrast to her current public image. Will the real Secretary of Education please stand up?
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    I believe that Gay rights, even though it has been passed through the supreme court, is something that society is still struggling to accept. LGBT couple should be given the same opportunities as those who are not LGBT. For example, the ability to have or adopt children. It's a shame that some families are still denied that right. Very interesting article.
taylorlray

Health Care Is a Right, Not a Privilege - 0 views

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    This article gives light to how health care is a right, not a privilege (clearly stated by the title). It gives a lot of facts about what we pay, what companies make, etc. One of the main points is how private insurance companies are more interested in profit rather than taking care of people.
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