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NICHD Neonatal Research Network and Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), part of the National Institutes of Health, initiated the Neonatal Research Network to conduct multi-center clinical trials and observational studies in neonatal medicine.

PubMed abstract: Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia in the low birthweight neonate. In 392 low birthweight neonates, acidosis as evident from umbilical artery pH 7.1 or less was strongly associated with Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute. However, most cases that were depressed (Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute) were not acidotic. Neonatal depression was most strongly and directly correlated with gestational age. Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia are distinct entiti

Trakya University School of Medicine, Turkey study to evaluate the impact of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) on morbidity and mortality of newborn infants with perinatal asphyxia. The study concluded that after Neonatal resuscitation (RP) courses, the number of patients with perinatal asphyxia and with no resuscitation and also the duration of hospitalization decreased significantly, whereas the first minute Apgar scores increased significantly.

NICHD Neonatal Research Network

The International Center for the Advancing Neonatal Health (ICANH) was established to foster the development of innovative approaches to neonatal health that are integrated with programs and health systems in developing countries. The Center is housed in the Department of International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Article abstract of French study assessing neonatal outcomes after instrumental vaginal delivery. Many of the most severe neonatal complications are observed when perinatal asphyxia has occurred. Extractor types and quality of use under defined criteria are closely associated with neonatal adverse outcomes in operative vaginal delivery. Forceps deliveries are as safe as vacuum deliveries to the neonate. In conclusion, operative vaginal delivery performed for maternal or fetal reasons are associated with several neonatal adverse events, usually non specific and with a short term good prognosis.

PubMed.gov Abstract - 2008 Case Western Reserve University- Dept of Pediatrics study on trends in the rates of cerebral palsy associated with neonatal intensive care of preterm children, neonatal morbidity and rates of cerebral palsy associated low birth weight and low gestation infants.

Neonatal outcomes of late-preterm birth associated or not with intrauterine growth restriction.Conclusion. Our study showed that late-preterm IUGR infants present a significantly higher risk of neonatal complications when compared to late-preterm AGA infants.

The NICHD Neonatal Research Network's Follow-Up study is a multi-center cohort in which surviving extremely low birth-weight infants born in participating network centers receive neurodevelopmental, neurosensory and functional assessments at 18-22 months corrected age. Data regarding pregnancy and neonatal outcome are collected prospectively. The goal is to identify potential maternal and neonatal risk factors that may affect infant neurodevelopment.

PubMed Study Abstract: Ten indicators available during the first two hours of life, such as clinical criteria of neonatal distress and postnatal arterial blood gases, were compared with the neonatal neurological course in sixty full term newborns with significant birth asphyxia in order to test their value for the diagnosis and the short-term prognosis of severe birth asphyxia. Birth asphyxia was defined as severe when it was followed by symptoms of moderate or severe post-asphyxial encephalopathy.

Endotracheal intubation is a painful and stressful procedure, which is associated with acute increases of blood pressure, intracranial pressure, bradycardia and hypoxemia with high morbidity.The aim of the study is to compare recovery time, efficacy and tolerance in a andomized controlled study, between sevoflurane and propofol for intubation in neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Completed study sponsored by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NICHD and conducted in two cities in Zambia to determine if the combined Neonatal Resuscitation Program/Essential Newborn Care Program compared to the new World Health Organization (W.H.O.) basic perinatal care education of health care providers (Essential Newborn Care Program) results in reduced mortality due to perinatal asphyxia

Study to demonstrate beneficial effects of parenteral carnitine supplementation in premature neonates for liver, heart and muscle metabolism and functions.

Hypothesis of study is that among women with twin or triplet pregnancies, weekly injections of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHP), started before 24 weeks of gestation, will reduce neonatal morbidity by reducing the rate of preterm delivery.This study involves two concurrent double-blinded randomized clinical trials of 17OHP versus placebo. Each trial will test the efficacy and safety of 17OHP in women with a specific risk factor for preterm birth. The two risk factors to be studied are: Twin pregnancy - Triplet pregnancy

PubMed - Magnetoencephalography in healthy neonates

PubMed Abstract of 2001 study to determine the relation between pre-eclampsia at term and neonatal encephalopathy

1992 Study to determine if there was a significant association between an intrapartum amniotic fluid index (AFI) < or = 5.0 cm and neonatal acidosis (umbilical arterial pH < 7.20 or metabolic acidosis [umbilical arterial pH < 7.20 and base deficit > 10 mEq/L]).

British Medical Journal Papers - Neonatal risk factors for cerebral palsy in very preterm babies: case-control study

University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey 2007 Study documents Widespread Repair of Neonatal Brain Injury from Adult Stem Cells - Neuroscientists at UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School have discovered that the neonatal brain possesses a previously unknown capacity to replace damaged neurons in multiple brain regions. Furthermore, their research reveals that the production of these new neurons lasts for at least five months following injury.Levison's study reveals that in addition to neurons acquiring new or different responsibilities, that another adaptive response, one that has not been suspected, occurs. Their data show that large numbers of new neurons are produced from the brain's resident stem cells during their recovery from injury. These findings suggest that these new neurons are further increasing the infant brain's ability to repair itself after injury.

NINDS Publication - Study March 1996