Sticky Note: This would be a great addition to a math lesson as well if the students were required to create, maintain, and balance a budget for creating this machine.
6.4.2 Construct a simple device that uses potential or kinetic energy to perform work.
Activities 2 and 3
Sticky Note: This would be a great addition to a math lesson as well if the students were required to create, maintain, and balance a budget for creating this machine.
Extensions: Physical Science connects with Math (measurement).
Extensions: ESL & Special Ed students can help in preparation process and can taste the fancy meringues. Gifted students can measure ingredients and predict outcome or explain why there is a change in the state of matter.
Make Meringue Science!
Use simple experiment to turn egg whites into a delicacy: fancy meringues.
Supplies: 5 eggs, 1-1/2 cups of sugar, 8 tsp cream of tartar, 2 small bowls, 1 large bowl, hand cranked egg beater, and cookie sheet.
Extensions: Connect Earth Science with Math and Art. Also includes Natural Sciences.
Adaptations: Gifted students can record daily weather observations in a notebook and create a graph or tally chart of the different types of weather that they examined. ESL & Special Ed students can draw daily weather patterns in notebook or create pictograph charts of weather with tally marks to indicate frequency.
Construct a Weather Spinner: - Earth Science
Intro to Natural Sciences - your child will learn to see details and patterns in atmospheric conditions. A simple weather spinner provides an accessible tool for your child to improve her observation and analysis ability, important scientific skills she will use for the rest of her life.
Supplies: White tag board or poster board, pencil, crayons, markers, or colored pencils, and a metal brad.
Can make low-ability students only separate a into two or three categories. While have high-ability students separate into more than 4 categories and possibly add names to leaves or categories.
5.1.3 "Demonstrate that regardless of how parts of an object are assembled the weight of the whole object is identical to the sum of the weight of the parts; however, the volume can differ from the sum of the volumes."
Extension: Incorporate social studies and language arts- The Cartesian diver is named after Rene Descartes, a French philosopher and physicist. Students can do a research report on scientists that have made significant contributions to the world of science throughout history.
Ever wondered how a submarine can control when it rises and sinks in the water? Build a Cartesian diver to find out! Named after French philosopher and physicist René Descartes, this classic science experiment is a great way for kids to see the principle of buoyancy at work. And with such a simple set-up, it's a fun and inexpensive way to dive into physics!
Pair students up based on ability levels. Have an advanced student work with another to create the telescope. They will get to be the "teacher" without having to single anyone out.
Adaptions: You can adapt this activity for ELL and special needs by doing an into to the bufferfly lifecycle, you can include books, do drawings charting the life cycle. While you are doing this you can have the students make a vocabulary journal identifying vocabulary used in the butterfly life cycle.
Extensions: I think ALL grades would love this activity, you would want to add things to the activity depending on the grade level. For example, for 2nd graders you can have them journal and write stories about their butterflies, 3rd grade you can have them define different types of butterfies and then see which type they have from their habitats, 4th graders can identify different locations you may find different types of butterflies, and for kindergarten you can identify differences between butterflies and moths....etc!
1.3.4 Describe how animals' habitats, including plants, meet their needs for food, water, shelter and an environment in which they can live.
1.3.5 Observe and describe ways in which animals and plants depend on one another for survival.
1.3.2 Observe organisms closely over a period of time in different habitats such as terrariums, aquariums, lawns and trees. Draw and write about observations.
1.4.3 Construct a simple shelter for an animal with natural and human-made materials.
2.1.1. "Observe, describe and measure ways in which the properties of a sample of water (including volume) change or stay the same as the water is heated and cooled and then transformed into different states."
This activity can be used as a cross-curricular activity as well; the teacher can require the students to use a certain number of adjectives to describe the states of the water.
Make sure to emphasize the need to keep careful records as that is what makes this activity appropriate for teaching the Nature of Science. This activity is excellent for showing children the value of records as it utilizes information from 50 years ago. Discovering patterns and trends is also very appropriate in this area of study. Creating a presentation of the information would offer a chance to incorporate different multiple intelligences.
Students who finish early could try drawing the structures of blood. If the teacher can obtain the materials, looking through a microscope at real slides of blood and draw that for a further extension.
This activity lets students create a simple and safe model of human blood. It provides a way to make something microscopic easier for children to understand.
This is simple for most students to take part in, but be sure to put students in pairs to help assist those with needs to put together the experiment correctly. When assessing it may require pictures to have students explain what is being done.
6.4.2
Construct a simple device that uses potential or kinetic energy to perform work.
Differentiation:
Gifted students could go a step further and cover the next standard "6.4.3 Describe the transfer of energy amongst energy interactions" and do a write up on how energy was transferred during this activity
This is a familiar activity! This fun activity teaches students about harnessing potential and kinetic energy! Very good for students who need to learn or like to work in teams! Also would be fun on a family night.
This is a great activity that takes this standard to a whole new level- using the body to make a model of a machine.
Once the students have completed the activity, I would challenge them to think of what we use in our every day life that is made out of machines like the "marshmallow-smashing machine."
Sixth grade students will love coming up with silly noises and motions- awesome learning tool/visual for kinesthetic students!
Children are formed into groups to 'invent' a pretend machine that smashes marshmallows. Each child plays the role of a cog or part of the machine to move the marshmallow along. Children then read the story Mike Mulligan and His Steam Shovel, a machine that digs its way to a happy ending, and recognize how technological devices affect our lives.
1.1.2 Characterize materials as solid or liquid, investigate their properties, record observations and explain the choices to others based on evidence (i.e., physical properties)
1.1.3 Experiment with simple methods for separating solids and liquids based on their physical properties.
Differentiation:
For gifted students, have them melt a solid in different ways (microwave, oven, stovetop, heat from sun). Ask them to predict which will melt the fastest and then record their observations
Using a chocolate bar or chocolate chips students will experiment with melting the chocolate in a microwave or over a stove. Students will make predictions and will make observations about the solid turning into a liquid. After they have made these observations they will put the chocolate back into the freezer and make predictions and observations about what happens next.
Simple activity for most, but if certain students struggle, have a couple that are pre-lined to show where students need to fold, or even pre-creased to help them complete the instructions.
3.1.1
Generate sounds using different materials, objects and techniques. Record the sounds and then discuss and share the results.
3.1.3
Investigate and recognize that sound moves through solids, liquids and gases (e.g., air).
Differentiation:
Assign a student with poor fine motor skills a partner to do their hole poking for them. With their partner, have students build their telephones with help from a peer. Although this project may seem simple to build, students with under-developed motor skills would have great difficulty with this task. Having a students get help from a peer would allow them to complete the task and practice working collaboratively with others.
In this activity, students will create a telephone using paper cups and string. Students will use their telephones to observe how sound and vibrations travel through air.
Students will use a camera to investigate and collect data on living and non-living things. They will compare living things to non-living things, and keep a record of their findings. (scrapbook).
Extension: Easy to extend for higher ability students by having them write their observations along with the pictures. (i.e. compare why they categorize something as "living or non-living."
ESL: Easy activity for students with a language barrier as it is a picture driven lesson. Students will learn through their own observations and the pictures they keep.
Adaptation: Could easily be adapted to be an internet research project or magazine research project (students cut out pictures to keep.)
You could combined with lesson with a lesson on graphing as well by asking students to record how many times each math sentence occurs and graphing the result. Since you are essentially flipping coins you should get a nice bell curve.
Fractions with color tiles. Allows students to record their findings on graph paper. Make a game of it by trading papers, and allowing the other student to attempt to build the other student's fraction bar without peeking at the answer.
I made a copy of this activity. It's simple yet effective (and I have a set of colored plastic tiles that I only use when discussing area, so this is a great additional use for them.)