Develop student learning opportunities. This takes into account the
course documents, the teacher's personal theories of teaching and learning, the
student’s interest, their preferred learning styles and their understanding and
skills. It is in this area that the teacher as facilitator is able to provide
opportunities for student learning that will take hold of the students' interests and thus
motivate them to engage in the learning opportunity. Harrison (1998a & b) has
presented the S.P.A.C.E. model for creating optimal learning conditions. The conditions
for optimal learning include the following:
Self-affimation – the learner’s view themselves as
effective learners and the teachers provide them with feedback to that effect;
Personal meaning – the learners are able to find personal
meaning in the learning. That is, the learning is relevant to them;
Active learning - the learners are active in the learning,
whether that activity is physically doing something (as for concrete learners) or
intellectually doing something (as for abstract reflective learners).
Collaborative – the learners are able to collaborate with
others in the learning process and not to view learning as an isolating experience;
Empowering – the learners are able to shape the learning
process, to have control over what is learnt and the direction of the learning.
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Online Human Touch (OHT) Instruction and Programming: A Conceptual Framework to Increas... - 1 views
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50 Ways to Use Wikis for a More Collaborative and Interactive Classroom | Smart Teaching - 2 views
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Teacher as Facilitator - 1 views
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The role of the teacher is diverse and has several orientations. One important aspect is that of facilitator of student learning. The facilitator attempts to provide circumstances that will enable students to engage with the learning opportunities and construct for themselves their understandings and skills. This role will interact with those of teacher as learner, colleague and community partner.
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A student’s beliefs about the nature of teaching and learning will interact with a teacher’s beliefs. The teacher therefore needs to understand what students expect and are willing to do as well as what they themselves expect of the students.
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I like this statement. I've never thought of the importance of a dialogue between student's and teacher's idea of teaching and learning.
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so, shoubang... how can an instructor understand what students expect? How will you understand what your students expect? What do you expect of your students and more importantly how will they know what you expect? What mechanisms have i used in this course to achieve both of these ends?
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One mechanism you use, I think, to achieve this is to have all discussion and activity forums be completely open to all in the class. Thus the optimal learning conditions are created by creating open pathways for each person to see ways to deepen their thinking and get more from the course material.
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It is explicit in the expectations and get the most documents of the course what you expect from your students, and how they can succeed, that is important. But how the teacher know what the students expect I think it is more difficult, maybe asking them explicitly, and provide spaces for them to talk between them, to make comments and suggestions.
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Seven Principles of Effective Teaching - A Practical Lens for Evaluating Online Courses - 0 views
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Principle 1: Good Practice Encourages Student-Faculty Contact
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Our SLN research shows that the highest predictor of satisfaction with online instruction among online students is the quantity and quality of interaction with the online instructor. How would you move that research finding into practice in your own online course? How do you see that understanding expressed in our course ETAP 687?
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Principle 2: Good Practice Encourages Cooperation Among Students
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The second highest predictor that we have found in our SLN research of satisfaction and high levels of reported learning among online students is the quantity and quality of interaction between students. Knowing that, what implications might that have in the design of online activities in your online course?
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The "Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education," originally published in the AAHE Bulletin (Chickering & Gamson, 1987), are a popular framework for evaluating teaching in traditional, face-to-face courses. The principles are based on 50 years of higher education research (Chickering & Reisser, 1993). A faculty inventory (Johnson Foundation, "Faculty," 1989) and an institutional inventory (Johnson Foundation, "Institutional," 1989) based on these principles have helped faculty members and higher-education institutions examine and improve their teaching practices.
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Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long Tail, and Learning 2.0 (EDUCAUSE Review) | EDUC... - 0 views
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30 million people today qualified to enter a university who have no place to go. During the next decade, this 30 million will grow to 100 million. To meet this staggering demand, a major university needs to be created each week.
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Open Educational Resources (OER) movement, which has provided free access to a wide range of courses and other educational materials to anyone who wants to use them.
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Web 2.0,
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e that our understanding of content is socially constructed through conversations about that content and through grounded interactions, especially with others, around problems or actions. The focus is not so much on what we are learning but on how we are learning.5
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Students in these groups can ask questions to clarify areas of uncertainty or confusion, can improve their grasp of the material by hearing the answers to questions from fellow students, and perhaps most powerfully, can take on the role of teacher to help other group members benefit from their understanding (one of the best ways to learn something is, after all, to teach it to others).
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The dichotomy between Cartesian and Social Learning is problematic, and this is one of the reasons why. If Social Learning still comes down to group learning from each other, it remains unclear what would be the "alternative" model of learning/teaching between group users, if not substance/pedagogy.
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But viewing learning as the process of joining a community of practice reverses this pattern and allows new students to engage in “learning to be” even as they are mastering the content of a field.
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open source movement
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Digital StudyHall (DSH)
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We now need a new approach to learning—one characterized by a demand-pull rather than the traditional supply-push mode of building up an inventory of knowledge in students’ heads. Demand-pull learning shifts the focus to enabling participation in flows of action, where the focus is both on “learning to be” through enculturation into a practice as well as on collateral learning.
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Not only is it a matter of "if" such campuses are a possibility, but "should" such campuses be a priority. If online and distance education can yield at least comparable results to traditional academic settings, then their ease of accessibility and lower overhead costs warrant further exploration as a viable possibility.
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“I think, therefore I am,” and from the assumption that knowledge is something that is transferred to the student via various pedagogical strategies, the social view of learning says, “We participate, therefore we are
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How does the open source idea fit with fields like medicine or chemistry where knowledge is less "socially constricted"?
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Open Source/Access research. One of the problems right now is that the NIH or fed government will pay for research, but the public then had to pay for the results of that research. We are paying for the same research twice. Open Access Journals (see Harvard Memo) hopes to change this.
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seeking the knowledge when it is needed in order to carry out a particular situated task.
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Knowledge that is obtained when "needed" then answers the famous question many high school students ask their teachers, "When will I ever use this?"
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I grew to see high school as a time for exposure to all disciplines in order to find what best suited one in preparation for college or the workplace. Now I am wondering if the multiplicity of disciplines will be "tailored" to fit the personal interests of the learner. Will differentiating for all eradicate the question Ben mentions?
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This form of education was also based on what could be called an industrial style of education. They education system became an extension of industry--students were passed along on the assembly line from one course to the next, year after year and came out a finished produce with similar skills and altitudes as their peers. Now education has and can become more narrow and niche based and less industrial.
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This involves acquiring the practices and the norms of established practitioners in that field or acculturating into a community of practice.
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In this open environment, both the content and the process by which it is created are equally visible, thereby enabling a new kind of critical reading—almost a new form of literacy—that invites the reader to join in the consideration of what information is reliable and/or important.
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And at the third level, any participant in Second Life could review the lectures and other course materials online at no cost. This experiment suggests one way that the social life of Internet-based virtual education can coexist with and extend traditional education.
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Through these continuing connections, the University of Michigan students can extend the discussions, debates, bull sessions, and study groups that naturally arise on campus to include their broader networks. Even though these extended connections were not developed to serve educational purposes, they amplify the impact that the university is having while also benefiting students on campus.14 If King is right, it makes sense for colleges and universities to consider how they can leverage these new connections through the variety of social software platforms that are being established for other reasons.
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he site’s developers note: “We fundamentally believe that the new electronic environment and its tools enable us to revive the humanistic spirit of communal and collaboratively ‘playful’ learning of which the Decameron itself is the utmost expression.”
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As more of learning becomes Internet-based, a similar pattern seems to be occurring. Whereas traditional schools offer a finite number of courses of study, the “catalog” of subjects that can be learned online is almost unlimited. There are already several thousand sets of course materials and modules online, and more are being added regularly. Furthermore, for any topic that a student is passionate about, there is likely to be an online niche community of practice of others who share that passion.
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that will support active, passion-based learning: Learning 2.0. This new form of learning begins with the knowledge and practices acquired in school but is equally suited for continuous, lifelong learning that extends beyond formal schooling.
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In addition to supporting lecture-style teaching, Terra Incognita includes the capability for small groups of students who want to work together to easily “break off” from the central classroom before rejoining the entire class. Instructors can “visit” or send messages to any of the breakout groups and can summon them to rejoin the larger group.
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shared by Donna Angley on 28 May 09
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A Constructivist Approach to Teaching - 1 views
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social constructivism constructivist constructionist learning environment
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Presenting instructional content online requires faculty to consider course objectives and the learning outcomes that are produced. How those outcomes are achieved and by how many students are important concerns of higher education institutions and their faculty members
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Constructivism, on the other hand, is founded on the notion that “the only important reality is in the learner’s mind, and the goal of learning is to construct in the learner’s mind its own, unique conception of events”
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constructivists believe in independent exploration by students that will lead to a deeper understanding of the content
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cooperative or collaborative model of learning argues that learning occurs as an individual interacts with other individuals
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socio-cultural model of learning argues that learning best occurs when the learning event is meaningful, more deeply or elaborately processed, situated in context, and rooted in the learner’s cultural background and personal knowledge
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New technologies allow for construction of knowledge through what is actually deeper reflection by the learner
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Through groups and other learning interactions with their online peers, students acquire deeper understanding because of the “opportunities for exposure to multiple perspectives and interpretations
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Learning is subjective, not objective
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intellectual role, guide the students’ journey to understanding. This is accomplished by probing and questioning students about their responses, by summarizing main themes, and by linking these to assignments such as readings, written responses, and independent and group projects.
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discussion board posts serve as learning artifacts as well as springboards for more learning and the development of community
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If, on the other hand, we believe that learners actively construct knowledge in their attempts to make sense of their world, then learning will likely emphasize the development of meaning and understanding
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provide forums that require students to research an area of interest and report back to the class in the forum
VoiceThread Extends the Classroom with Interactive Multimedia Albums | Edutopia - 0 views
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Economics Interactive Tutorial: Elasticity - 0 views
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In each of the following examples, choose whether you would expect demand to be elastic or inelastic. In none of these examples will the demand be as elastic as the demand for gasoline at a particular gas station on a street with many gas stations. Drivers will flock to a gas station with a price a few pennies below its neighbors' prices, and will abandon a gas stations with a price a few pennies higher. Choose "Elastic demand" if you think that buyers will buy somewhat less if the price goes up, or somewhat more if the price goes down. Choose "Inelastic demand" if you think that the buyers will buy about the same amount if the price goes up or down. An unconscious bleeding man is brought to a hospital emergency room. A patient is given a presciption for a drug to control high blood pressure. The patient's insurance doesn't cover drugs, so the patient must pay out of pocket. A hospital in-patient has insurance that will pay all charges. What would the demand be like for nurse-administered propoxyphene (Darvon), a pain-reliever? A senior signs up with a managed care plan to get the Medicare drug benefit. Even though the senior is locked in for a year, the plan can, at any time, change which drugs it will pay for, based on the plan's judgement about a drug's effectiveness and price relative to other drugs that do about the same thing. For members of that plan, what might the demand for the Darvon be like? Darvon's cheapest alternative might be acetomenophen (Tylenol) in this case. A family has a high-deductible health insurance policy. The effect is that the family pays for primary care office visits out of pocket. Now, one of their children has an earache. What would their demand be like for an office visit to get this checked out? In general, if the decision-maker has an incentive to spend less on some product and if there is an adequate substitute for that product, then demand is more ...
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Health Savings Accounts -- The Best Way to Make Demand More Elastic?
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Elasticity
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What Online Students Want to Tell Faculty - 0 views
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Designing your course to promote quality interaction between faculty and students and among students is essential. Consider emphasizing the course conference by making it a part of your class assessment possibly as a substitute for test, paper, or project.
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Be patient and available. Remember some of us are first time online learners and are still trying to figure out this method of teaching and learning.
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Put yourself into the class. “The professor was always available, encouraging and even made the lessons humorous by adding personal tidbits.” “She gave us constant feedback and encouragement.”
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Think about your role in the discussion. Students want you to be present.
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Give frequent feedback on assignments so students have a sense of what they have mastered and where they need to focus attention.
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Your presence in the class is important. These courses should not be seen by the student as “self-taught.”
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Preparing Teachers to Teach Online - 0 views
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academic students teaching online education education online learning
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Online teaching effectiveness The following behaviors are associated with effective online teaching: n providing timely and meaningful feedback, n creating learning activities that engage students, n keeping students interested and motivated, n ensuring students interact with each other, and n encouraging students to be critical and reflective. These behaviors constitute criteria for evaluation of online teaching. For each behavior there needs to be a definition of minimal acceptable performance as well as exemplary performance. To assess online teaching effectiveness, these behaviors need to be evaluated during the delivery of online classes. Most existing teaching evaluation does not assess these kinds of factors.
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Online teaching effectiveness The following behaviors are associated with effective online teaching: n providing timely and meaningful feedback, n creating learning activities that engage students, n keeping students interested and motivated, n ensuring students interact with each other, and n encouraging students to be critical and reflective. These behaviors constitute criteria for evaluation of online teaching. For each behavior there needs to be a definition of minimal acceptable performance as well as exemplary performance. To assess online teaching effectiveness, these behaviors need to be evaluated during the delivery of online classes. Most existing teaching evaluation does not assess these kinds of factors.
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Online courses have become very popular in higher education and with the emergence of virtual schools are becoming common at the K-12 level (see Clark, 2001; Vail 2001). While most universities and colleges have established training programs to prepare their faculty to teach online, school systems are just beginning to address this need. As McKenzie (2001) notes, preparing teachers to teach online needs to involve a lot more than the short workshops typical of inservice training. Hannum (2001) describes an extensive state-wide initiative in Colorado. The Concord Consortium and Illinois Online Network both have successful online teacher training programs. A number of online learning system vendors such as Apex Learning, Blackboard Inc., and eCollege also offer online teacher training programs, although these tend to be tailored to their systems.
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Thoughts About Teaching Spanish Online - 0 views
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In an online environment it is fundamental. Discussions generate questions, and questions promote critical thinking. I now firmly believe, and understand, that in order to promote a higher level of language usage, I need to help my students learn how to think critically through questioning. This is best accomplished through a dialogue format, where all students are expected to contribute in a relaxed and supportive learning environment.
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I am wondering if there is a way to copy a module set-up, and then simply customize the web pages within each module.
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Suddenly, the student is propelled to think clearly and critically, as now their core ideas have the potential to be shared with anyone, anywhere.
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t occurred to me that real learning requires the removal of classroom walls in the sense that students need to be made to feel empowered in their ability to learn independently, as well as in the amount of information they learn.
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Personal stories give life to a faceless person, just as they do in literature. We come to know, like, love, despise, and sympathize with characters the more we know about them. Online it is very different in the sense that we are communicating interactively, but unless we become ‘real’ to our students, there will be a disconnect between instructor-student that must ultimately interfere with knowledge acquisition, particularly since effective teaching presence has been shown to directly affect the quality of education in online environments based on interactions between students and instructors (Alex – Breeze presentation module 5).
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Specifically, I need to ask myself: Do these questions simply ask student to use their foundational knowledge, and book resources, in order to answer the questions? Or do they need to think, analyze, research and push themselves cognitively in order to understand, and answer, the posted questions?
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Online learning requires a different framework of thinking and behaving. It requires a sense of self-reliance, responsibility and an openness to collaboration and reflection.
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Many of our high school students are not equipped with these survival skills.
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online learning not only allows students to learn according to their favored multiple intelligences (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.), it also allows students to learn according to their own rate of information reception. While the classroom forces us all to be quick thinkers, and immediate responders, many of us are not. We need time to formulate ideas, responses and concepts. Students who cannot respond immediately are left out of the learning environment and many may eventually ‘check-out’.
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Seeing others accomplish things that I had either not thought of, or was too intimidated to attempt, made me take chances.