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Alyssa Lau

Mindfulness: Top-down or bottom-up emotion regulation strategy? - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com.esf.idm.oclc.org/...S0272735812001584

shared by Alyssa Lau on 06 Oct 13 - No Cached
    • Alyssa Lau
      Alyssa Lau on 06 Oct 13
       
      Mindfulness gives off siginificant positive changes.  mechanics: emotion regulation strategies - the ability to regulation one emtion and emotional repsonses.  2 ways of emotional strategies:  1) top-down model: everything is affected from the upper level - Cognitive reappriasal - change the effort of the emotional reponse, In other words, a different meaning/ output that changes the input of emotions. 
  • direct modulation of emotion-generative brain regions without cognitively reappraise emotionally salient stimuli
  • bottom–up
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • haracterized by a direct reduced reactivity of “lower” emotion-generative brain regions without an active recruitment of “higher” brain regions,
    • Alyssa Lau
      Alyssa Lau on 06 Oct 13
       
      Bottom- up model: Direct modulation of the regions of the brain that does not change the meaning of the emotional impact.  the lower level affects the upper levels of the model. - Characterization 
  • op–down em
  • otion regulation strategy facilitating positive cognitive reappraisal
  • if mindfulness training is primarily a bottom–up process, MBIs might be effective for patients not responding to traditional psychotherapies.
  • op–down mechanisms
  • cognitive reappraisal, to regulate unpleasant emotions
  • o assess whether mindfulness practice can be best described as a top–down emotion regulation strategy, as a bottom–up emotion regulation strategy, or as a combination of both strategies, on the basis of functional neuro-imaging studies employing emotion regulation paradigms.
  • mindfulness
  • raditionally been defined as an understanding of what is occurring before or beyond conceptual and emotional classifications about what is taking or has taken place
    • Alyssa Lau
      Alyssa Lau on 06 Oct 13
       
      Binary of this paper: The Western definition of mindfulness vs. the traditional definition of mindfulness
  • classical descriptions of mindfulness
  • raditional contexts
  • raditional descriptions of mindfulness
  • asily translated within current Western theoretical frameworks
  • mindfulness
  • (1) a specific state that arises only when the individual is purposely attending to present moment experience, (2) a mental trait that differs both among and within different individuals at different time points, and (3) specific practices designed to cultivate and maintain the state of mindfulness
  • (1) modern clinical MBIs, such as MBSR and MBCT, that have been specifically developed to integrate the essence of ancient Buddhist practices with the modern clinical practice as a means to reduce a variety of physical and psychological symptoms
  • Alternatively, both processes could be more or less associated with mindfulness training depending on the emphasis given by specific instructors and traditions.
Emily Vargas

Curing Depression with Mindfulness Meditation | Psychology Today - 0 views

www.psychologytoday.com/...ression-mindfulness-meditation

depression mindfulness psychology

shared by Emily Vargas on 03 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Psychologists from the University of Exeter recently published a study into "mindfulness-based cognitive therapy" (MBCT)
  • three quarters of the patients felt well enough to stop taking antidepressants
  • Professor Willem Kuyken, whose team at the Mood Disorders Centre of the University of Exeter in the UK carried out the research, says: "Anti-depressants are widely used by people who suffer from depression and that's because they tend to work. While they're very effective in helping reduce the symptoms of depression, when people come off them they are particularly vulnerable to relapse. For many people, MBCT seems to prevent that relapse. It could be an alternative to long-term antidepressant medication."
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • MBCT was developed in the mid-Nineties by psychologists at the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Toronto to help stabilize patients' moods during and after use of antidepressants.
  • Professor Williams is also the author of Mindfulness: An Eight Week Plan for Finding Peace in a Frantic World.
  • Concentrating on the rhythm of the breath helps produce a feeling of detachmen
  • , 47 per cent of patients with long-term depression suffered a relapse; the figure was 60 per cent among those taking medication alone. Other studies, including two published in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, had comparable outcomes. As a result, the UK's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has recommended MBCT since 2004
Brian Walsh

Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition - Bishop - 2006 - Clinical Psychology: S... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...abstract

mindfulness practice zen meditation health improvement clinical listening

shared by Brian Walsh on 04 Oct 13 - No Cached
    • Brian Walsh
      Brian Walsh on 04 Oct 13
       
      They state that the patient maintains an upright posture and focuses on their breathing (usually). The patient regards thoughts and lets them pass by once they are addressed. But it's not a one process thing. It can be practiced in many ways
    • Brian Walsh
      Brian Walsh on 04 Oct 13
       
      This paper's purpose was to address the concept of mindful mediation as a practice to reduce stress. They reference Hanh and Kabat-Zinn as to define what mindfulness is
    • Brian Walsh
      Brian Walsh on 04 Oct 13
       
      I found the pdf but it wouldn't let me write on it so I'll just post everything on this page
Brian Walsh

Texting, Driving and Mindfulness | 21st Century Spirituality | Big Think - 0 views

bigthink.com/...exting-driving-and-mindfulness

mindfulness texting driving think awareness

shared by Brian Walsh on 28 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • save my Impreza,
    • Emily Vargas
      Emily Vargas on 28 Sep 13
       
      What does this mean?
  • So I was shocked when moving to Los Angeles nearly two years ago to find how many times I’ve spotted people at lights and stop signs, head down, typing away, or worse, on the highway attempting a one-handed text. 
  • mindfulness meditation is making remarkable clinical strides.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • the list can include making coffee, breathing, going to the bathroom and walking.
  • Mindfulness is an important component of yoga asana classes.
  • he one ‘rule’ I have is that no one peers at their phones
  • Putting away the phone during a class is a valuable tool in helping overcome cell phone addiction
  • Funded by AT&T, the film looks into the lives of a handful of people who have either caused or been hurt by (or lost family to) accidents due to texting and driving—at this moment, 100,00 automobile accidents occur every year
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 29 Sep 13
       
      There currently are way to many car accidents every year to due a lack of concentration by the driver. So many innocent lives have been ended tragically early due to carelessness of other drivers on the road, it truly is very sad  
    • Darren Ferony
      Darren Ferony on 01 Oct 13
       
      This article is about the dangers of texting on a cell phone while driving and how it takes away from our mindfulness. Multitasking severely decreases our focus and is not a practice of mindfulness. The author explains how mindfulness is important as it allows us to focus on one task at a time. Our cell phone use is an addiction that spikes our dopamine levels through the satisfaction we get from every text or notification. This addiction causes us to not be mindful sometimes and even do something as stupid as text and drive just because we do not realize it or cannot help it.
  • Fortunately
Richard Ofosuhene

Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition - Bishop - 2006 - Clinical Psychology: S... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...full

richard

shared by Richard Ofosuhene on 04 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • approaches involve a rigorous program of training in meditation to cultivate the capacity to evoke and apply mindfulness to enhance emotional well-being and mental health. Mindfulness approaches are not considered relaxation or mood management techniques, however, but rather a form of mental training to reduce cognitive vulnerability to reactive modes of mind that might otherwise heighten stress and emotional distress or that may otherwise perpetuate psychopathology.1 The cultivation and practice of mindfulness through this program of mental training is thus thought to mediate observed effects on mood and behavior (Kabat-Zinn, 1990), but these speculations remain untested and thus unsubstantiated.
  • Richard Ofosuhene on 04 Oct 13
     
    It's a good stuff.
  • Richard Ofosuhene on 04 Oct 13
     
    It's a good stuff here.
Emily Vargas

How Mindfulness Can Mitigate the Cognitive Symptoms of Depression | Psych Central - 0 views

psychcentral.com/...00016240

mindfulness depression psych

shared by Emily Vargas on 03 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • can be very helpful in improving the cognitive symptoms of depression.
  • Cognitive symptoms can impair all areas of a person’s life. For instance, poor concentratio
  • n can interfere with your job or schoolwork
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • Focusing on the here and now helps individuals become aware of their negative thoughts, acknowledge them without judgment and realize they’re not accurate reflections of reality, writes author William Marchand, M.D.
  • Depression and Bipolar Disorder: Your Guide to Recovery
  • psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments.
  • individuals start to see their thoughts as less powerfu
  • Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT)
  • It’s based on mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)
  • MBCT teaches individuals to detach from distorted and negative thinking patterns, which can trigger the return of depression.
  • a program developed by Dr. Jon Kabat-Zinn. MBSR includes mindfulness tools, such as meditation, a body scan and hatha yoga, along with education about stress and assertiveness, according to Marchand.
  • Getting professional treatment for depression is vital. But there are complementary mindfulness practices readers can try on their own
  • is essentially training one’s attention to maintain focus and avoid mind wandering
  • 10 to 15 minutes to meditate on most days.
  • Whether you’re eating, showering or getting dressed, you can practice mindfulness while doing any activity, according to Marchand, also a clinical associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Utah School of Medicine
  • Another option is to take a mindful walk, which also is helpful because it includes exercise, “an important component of healing.”
  • Mindfulness is a valuable practice for improving the cognitive symptoms of depression, such as distorted thinking and distractibility
  • realize that thoughts are not facts and refocus their attention to the present.
Emily Vargas

Mindfulness - 0 views

www.mentalhealth.org.uk/...mindfulness

mindfulness

shared by Emily Vargas on 04 Oct 13 - No Cached
    • Emily Vargas
      Emily Vargas on 04 Oct 13
       
      G. The way mindfulness directly relates to mental illness. R. Mindfulness, Meditation, Yoga, Mental Illness, Anxiety, Depression A. To watch videos about mindfulness. This is spoused to relate directly to therapist and how mindfulness helps in treating mental issues. B. To definitely use mindfulness as a technique in helping with mental illness
  • MBCT is recommended by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) for the prevention of relapse in recurrent depression
  • Mindfulness training helps us become more aware of our thoughts and feelings so that instead of being overwhelmed by them, we're better able to manage them.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • the way we think and the way we handle how we feel plays a big part in mental health
  • People undertaking mindfulness training have shown
  • Mindfulness is a potentially life-changing way to alter our feelings in positive ways, and an ever-expanding body of evidence shows that it really works.
  • are ways of paying attention to the present moment, using techniques like meditation, breathing and yoga.
  • Mindfulness meditation has been shown to affect how the brain works and even its structure.
  • ncreased activity in the area of the brain associated with positive emotion – the pre-frontal cortex – which is generally less active in people who are depressed.
  • More than 100 studies have shown changes in brain wave activity during meditation and researchers have found that areas of the brain linked to emotional regulation are larger in people who have meditated regularly for five years.
  • recurrent depressionanxiety disorders addictive behaviour stress chronic pain chronic fatigue syndromeinsomniaplus more mental and physical problems.
  • Mindfulness in the workplace can improve productivity and decrease sickness absence, and increasingly employers are looking to benefit from its effect on workplace wellbeing.
  • Almost three-quarters of GPs think mindfulness meditation would be helpful for people with mental health problems, and a third already refer patients to MBCT on a regular basis.
Emily Vargas

Mindfulness helps against anxiety and depression | ScienceNordic - 0 views

sciencenordic.com/against-anxiety-and-depression

mindfulness anxiety depression

shared by Emily Vargas on 01 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • oung adults with social phobia and anxiety,
  • Patients with social anxiety disorder benefit as much from a mindfulness programme as patie
  • nts who receive regular cognitive treatment
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • The risk of relapse in people with recurrent major depressive disorder is significantly lower Cancer patients reduced their anxiety and depressive symptoms
  • women who in glossy magazines tell of how they achieved self-control and success because they practice mindfulness and are able to be attentive and live in the present.
  • Here, a group of young people with social anxiety was divided into two random groups. One group received regular cognitive behavioural therapy in which the participants were taught to overcome their anxiety by confronting it. The other group was treated with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.
  • This indicates that mindfulness is a serious alternative to confrontational therapy in which patients for instance overcome their fear of spiders by having them walk on their hands.
  • was a meta-study of six randomised clinical trials of 593 people who had been affected by one or more depressive episodes.
  • A patient who has suffered from a single depressive episode has a 60-percent chance of relapse. With two depressive episodes, the risk of relapse increases to 70 percent, and with three episodes, the risk goes up to 90 percent
  • systematic mindfulness training can significantly reduce this risk of relapse
  • For those hit by one depressive episode, the risk of relapse is reduced by 34 percent, and with three episodes, the risk is reduced by 43 percent.
  • British health authorities now recommend using mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the prevention of relapse in recurrent depression.
  • which studied the effect of mindfulness on cancer patients, who often become anxious and depressed – even after the cancer treatment is actually completed.
Emily Vargas

Ethical Considerations About Spirituality in Social Work: Insights From a National Qual... - 0 views

alliance1.metapress.com/...5495702vk717kg83

ethical spirituality

shared by Emily Vargas on 01 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • 2,069 National Association of Social Workers members examined ethical concerns regarding religious and nonreligious spiritual issues in clinical practice settings
  • Practitioners' insights provide a basis to extend ethical guidelines in practice and education.
  • they likely lack guidelines for systematic ethical decision making about the use of spiritually oriented activities in practice
Alyssa Lau

West Meets East - 0 views

www.psychotherapynetworker.org/...1363-west-meets-east

shared by Alyssa Lau on 07 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • The new centers often were staffed by Western teachers,
  • many of whom had first encountered meditation in the Peace Corps and later trained in monastic settings in the East
  • Creating a new wisdom tradition
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • None of us wanted ou
  • supervisors or clinical teammates to think of us as having unresolved infantile longings to return to a state of oceanic oneness
  • how radically meditation practices could transform the mind. Therapists of the day typically viewed meditation as either a fading hippie pursuit or a useful means of relaxation, but of little additional valu
  • mindfulness meditation was making inroads into the medical community.
  • Jon Kabat-Zinn, who, beginning in 1979, had adapted ancient Buddhist and yogic practices to create Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in Worcester.
  • MBSR was used primarily to augment the treatment of stress-related medical disorders, and was of particular interest to clinicians working in behavioral medicine.
  • The first use of mindfulness in psychotherapy to capture widespread attention among clinicians was Marsha Linehan’s Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), introduced in the early 1990s to treat suicidal individuals with complex disorders for which little else seemed to work.
  • he central dialectic in DBT is the tension between acceptance and change.
  • In searching for a means of helping therapists and their clients to experience what she called “radical acceptance”—fully embracing helplessness, terror, losses, and other painful facts of life
  • Because she empirically demonstrated that DBT could help challenging and volatile patients, the method rapidly became popular
  • he next big development came from Zindel Segal, Mark Williams, and John Teasdale, cognitive psychologists in the tradition of Aaron Beck, who were working on treatments for depression in the 1990s
  • They came across mindfulness practice through Jon Kabat-Zinn and MBSR
  • Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), which combined elements of an 8-week MBSR course with cognitive therapy interventions designed to help patients gain perspective on their thinking and not identify with their depressive thou
  • ghts.
  • This standardized, 8-week course couched meditation practices in Western, scientific terms
  • “the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, and nonjudgmentally, to the unfolding of experience moment to moment
  • Steven Hayes and his colleagues had
  • radical philosophical orientation that they called “relational frame theory.”
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which they describe as a psy
  • chological intervention that uses acceptance and mindfulness strategies, together with commitment and behavior change strategies, to increase psychological flexibility
  • ACT doesn’t teach many formal meditation practices, but uses imagery, metaphor, and brief exercises to cultivate awareness of the present, loosen identification with thought, and increase openness to the experience of moment-to-moment change
  • ACT encourages clients to identify and pursue activities that give life meaning.
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