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Mary Ann Scott

Materials for Faculty: Methods: Syllabus and Assignment Design - 0 views

  • Are your goals for the course significantly content-directed?
  • Is one of the goals of your course to introduce students to the important research and writing conventions of your particular discipline?
  • Is the primary purpose of your course to improve your students' critical thinking skills?
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  • Professors who don't use writing prompts argue that an important part of scholarship is learning to raise questions that will yield a good academic argument
  • Whatever you decide, do note that a prompt-less writing assignment needs a good infrastructure in order to succeed
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      a "good infrastructure" is essential in any assignment, not just English/Composition assignments.
  • Consider what you want the assignment to do, in terms of the larger thematic goals of your course.
  • Consider what kinds of thinking you want students to do
  • your prompt should address the importance of context and suggest things that you want students to consider as they write
  • Provide context
  • Break the assignment down into specific tasks
  • Break the assignment down into specific questions
  • Craft each sentence carefully
  • Be clear about what you don't want
  • Be clear about the paper requirements
  • Try to write (or at least to outline) the assignment yourself
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      While this can't be done for all assignments, choosing a few pivotal moments to model for your students will have a significant impact on how they learn overall.
  • Discuss the assignment with the class
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    Some excellent questions for building an assignment. Look beyond the writing assignment pedagogy to the general aspects of any assignment.
Stephanie Cooper

Forsyth's Teaching Resources - 0 views

  • But writing assignments are not just exercises in grammar and grading. They are exercises in learning
  • Psychologists and other cognitive scientists know so much about psycholinguistics, language, and memory that they should well understand the close link between composition and knowledge. Yet many view writing as only a means of assessing a students' understanding of course material, and overlook the profound impact that the writing process has on understanding itself
  • The act of writing is an act of thought
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  • Writing, then, is a profoundly active learning experience, for when people write, they identify and define problems, evaluate evidence, analyze assumptions, recognize emotional reasoning and oversimplification, consider alternative interpretations, and reduce their uncertainty (Wade, 1995). Indeed, in many cases writers do not understand a concept clearly until they must organize their thoughts on the topic and communicate those thoughts through composition. As a result, authors are often surprised by the ideas they themselves write, for understanding emerges during the struggle to make points clear to others (Murray, 1985).
  • Professors who wish to add just one element of student-centered instruction to an otherwise professor-centered approach should start by asking students to write. These writing assignments may include the traditional favorites-term papers and essay tests-but Walvoord (1982) wisely recommends giving shorter, but more varied and frequent, writing assignments.
  • When students write they are learning to use "the traditions of language to discipline their thinking and to make that thinking clear to others" (Murray, 1985, p. 52). Unfortunately, many students will need coaching on the process of writing and feedback about the quality of the writing they generate. The professor must, as Walvoord (1982, p. 3) suggests, "make writing assignments meaningful, establish a wholesome and stimulating writing environment for their students, coach pupils in the writing process, respond accurately and specifically to student papers, communicate clearly with students about their writing successes and failures, and help student improve writing as they learn and in order to learn."
  • Clarify the assignment. Nodine (1999) notes that students need to learn about writing assignments as much as they need to learn about writing per se. Telling the students to "write a 5-10 page paper on one of the topics covered in this unit" is likely to frustrate students and disappoint professors. Instead, the assignment should explain the paper's purpose, the audience for the paper, the genre, voice, typical length, style, degree of documentation expected, and deadlines.
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    Writing as an exercise in learning
Keith Hamon

Students, Reading and Writing - ProfHacker - The Chronicle of Higher Education - 0 views

  • In many courses that are not focused on writing skills, instructors might not provide detailed enough instructions on their writing assignments to convey to the student what the instructors’ expectations are
    • Keith Hamon
       
      This is a key issue for QEP: helping faculty to compose assignments that maximize a student's chances for success.
  • a badly written essay may be the result of the student author not understanding the subject rather than not being a capable writer.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      Even a well-written assignment must be placed within the context of solid learning. If a student does not understand the material, then their chances for errors-and plagiarism-increase dramatically.
  • On the question of how students are incorporating and acknowledging the sources they find through their research, Howard and Jamieson report that the vast majority of the first-year writing student essays studied so far are defined primarily by “patchwriting,” evidence that students are not really understanding or engaging the material they are reading for their essays.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      It seems that students use patchwriting to complete an assignment that they don't understand, simply filling up paper with whatever comes to hand.
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  • I would argue, we need to ensure in every department on campus that we structure our courses and our assignments such that students learn where and how to find authoritative source material and such that students must demonstrate a solid comprehension in writing of the material they’re writing about.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      The issue with plagiarism, then, is that students don't understand their assignment, don't understand the material they are writing about, and don't understand why a writer would incorporate outside material in the first place. We should fix this.
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    So what happens between the end of that two-course sequence and the start of the rest of those students' college careers? If pressed I would offer a hypothesis or two: In many courses that are not focused on writing skills, instructors might not provide detailed enough instructions on their writing assignments to convey to the student what the instructors' expectations are, and A different issue is whether or not the student understands the course material: a badly written essay may be the result of the student author not understanding the subject rather than not being a capable writer.
Thomas Clancy

Ideas for Writing Assignments - 2 views

  • n this course, you will write a substantial research essay (6+ pages in MLA Style) on a topic of your own choice that relates to some aspect of the course material. In order to combat the procrastination (I-work-better-under-pressure) syndrome, this assignment has several steps all of which you must complete to achieve the best possible result.
    • Stephanie Cooper
       
      I like how this assignment was broken down into several steps. The part where they have to share their paper with their classmates is great. This means that they will actually have to do some thinking to be able to answer questions about the topic. This would definitely help with critical thinking skills, thus preventing most opportunites for plagiarism.
    • Thomas Clancy
       
      I agree, Steph. That's what I'm trying to help our faculty see--their assignments in steps or phases that students can easily accomplish within a short lab visit.
  • It seems natural to assume that students in upper level courses will know the difference between a good term paper and a poor one. I've learned the hard way that this is an unwarranted assumption! My first attempts to use term paper assignments in my psychology courses were disappointing. The failure was partly my fault because I was not very specific in stating my expectations and the characteristics of good writing. Term paper assignments should be used as an opportunity to clearly demonstrate the differences between good and poor writing by communicating practices to avoid in the course assignment.
  • The following is a term paper assignment that I use in my Biopsychology course. The trend that you will notice in this assignment is that the expectations are very clear. For example, acceptable topics and information that should be covered within a topic are stated. In addition, classic space wasters such as huge direct quotes, long bulleted lists, large margins, and oversized fonts are illustrated as practices to avoid. As for the sources, the assignment clearly states that academic or peer reviewed sources are preferred whereas information from encyclopedias is considered unacceptable. These specific expectations help to clearly delineate the differences between good and poor writing practices.
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  • Dan Askren
Mary Ann Scott

Writing for Learning--Not Just for Demonstrating Learning - 2 views

  • And the main thing to keep in mind is that if you are not teaching a writing course, there is no law that says you have to comment.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      Not all writing is for the teacher's consumption and subsequent evaluation of the student's learning. It is part of the process of learning. We need to let students learn without judgment at least some of the time.
  • There's a quick and easy form of "proto-commenting" that is remarkably effective--especially appropriate perhaps for think pieces: putting straight lines alongside or underneath strong passages, wavy lines alongside or underneath problem passages, and X's next to things that seem plainly wrong. I can do this almost as fast as I can read, and it gives remarkably useful feedback to students: it conveys the presence and reactions of a reader.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      If you feel the need to respond, here is a short and easy way to remind your students that you are there to guide them.
  • Two-fers:
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  • About think-pieces:
  • Students understand and retain course material much better when they write copiously about it. We tend to think of learning as input and writing as output, but it also works the other way around. Learning is increased by "putting out"; writing causes input. Students won't take writing seriously till all faculty demand it. Writing needn't take any time away from course material. We can demand good writing without teaching it. The demand itself teaches much. Students won't write enough unless we assign more writing than we can comment on--or even read. There is no law against not reading what we make them write. Writing can have a powerful communal or social dimension; it doesn't have to feel solitary.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      These premises are KEY. Read every one of them and consider how they can work in your class.
  • 8 minutes of writing at the start of class to help students bring to mind their homework reading or lab work or previous lectures. 8minutes in mid class when things go dead--or to get students to think about an important question that has come up. 8 minutes at the end of class or lecture to get them to think about what's been discussed. 5 minutes at the end of class to write to us about what they learned that day: what was the main idea for them, what was going on for them during that class. Not only will this help them integrate and internalize the course material; it helps our teaching by showing us what's getting through and what isn't.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      Some excellent examples of reflective writing in action.
  • This is the name I give to writing that is a bit more thought out and worked over--but not yet an essay:
  • Think pieces are a productive and nonpunitive way to make students do the reading on time and come to class.
  • When students understand that they are being asked for two very different kinds of writing in the course, their essays get better because of their extensive practice with low stakes think pieces, and their low stakes writing gets more thoughtful when they experience it as practice for the high stakes essays (and relief from them too)
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      Take the "punishment" out of writing by showing your students that is part of learning. Give them the freedom to express themselves in ways that won't be judged.
  • I find term papers involve maximum work and minimum learning.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      Absolutely true!
  • Peer feedback or student response groups.
Stephanie Cooper

Designing Writing Assignments « WID Studio:FACULTY - Enhancing the GW teachin... - 1 views

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    Designing Writing Assignments
Stephanie Cooper

Writing Matters 1 Designing Writing Assignments - 2 views

  • "writing-intensive" (WI) classes have in general found that what you write is what you learn best.
  • Over the last three years, the staff at the Mānoa Writing Program has interviewed nearly 200 students about their experiences in WI classes. In this issue, we focus on what most students tell us is a key to making writing matter: a well-constructed writing assignment.
  • In trying to answer these (and similar) questions when you give your students writing assignments, you may be taking important steps in helping your students to write and learn more effectively.    
Stephanie Cooper

Memo to Students: Writing Skills Matter - 1 views

  • Only 51% of all high school students who took the college entrance exam are prepared for college-level reading, according to a report released last month by the American College Testing Program (ACT). Essentially, anyone deemed "ready" has a 75% chance of earning a grade of C or higher and a 50% chance of a getting a B or higher in reading-intensive college classes.
  • But too often, undergraduates enter -- and leave -- B-school without the basic knowledge needed to write effectively, which can hinder their academic and job success. Now, spurred by low test scores and recruiter demand, some schools are taking action.
  • Strong writing skills are crucial for business majors looking to enter the corporate world. The ability to communicate topped the list of recruiting companies' desired traits this year among college candidates, according to the National Association of Colleges & Employers' 2006 Job Outlook.
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  • Some program directors at colleges and universities stress that writing shouldn't be taught in isolation. At Indiana University's Kelley School of Business, all communication classes incorporate writing, speaking, listening, and teamwork, showing business majors that all facets are connected and necessary for successful interactions. Frequently, high schools and other B-schools teach writing as an independent form of communication, says Sue Vargo, director of business communication. "Here students aren't just writing for the sake of writing or speaking for the sake of speaking," she says.
  • Placing students from the get-go into courses that rely heavily on writing is another tactic B-schools use. All Penn State freshmen take a seminar, with specific modules for Smeal College of Business students, on topics including diversity, leadership, and service. Among six writing assignments is a personal-reflection piece, designed to enhance creativity among students who may not be used to using their imaginations in this way. In contrast, the senior capstone, also writing-intensive, focuses more on analyzing business and financial statements.
  • "Students will walk into class and say, 'I don't enjoy reading.' I say it's like the first time they had a beer. It tastes awful. But if you drink it enough, you'll like it," says Hoyle. "Reading, museums, and the theater are acquired tastes." In the process, students may acquire a fondness -- and talent -- for writing as well.
    • Stephanie Cooper
       
      I love this quote!! LOL
    • Thomas Clancy
       
      "Reading served here." This certainly reflects what I see in Dr. Cherry's classes and what I hear Bruce saying, that some students at ASU have very poor reading skills and a deficient vocabulary for college reading.
Mary Ann Scott

Edgewood College Writing Center - 1 views

  • I suggest it is possible to ask your students to write more, as long as you adapt your grading style
  • But you can also use informal, non-graded assignments to allow students to show themselves what they’ve taken in from lectures, discussion, and readings, especially at a point where they may not have fully mastered the material.
  • Rather than putting comments on paper after paper, you can teach course concepts and writing by featuring one or two exemplary papers.
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  • Giving an unannounced writing assignment can work to salvage a class where discussion has sputtered and everyone is looking down at the table.
  • When students are given informal writing assignments with a very short deadline, they are forced to produce rough drafts.
anonymous

Ideas for Writing Assignments - 1 views

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    How to construct a writing assignment and different types of writing assignments
Stephanie Cooper

Some Ideas for Motivating Students - 3 views

  • (In a study conducted on one college campus, a faculty member gave a student assignment to a group of colleagues for analysis. Few of them could understand what the faculty member wanted. If experienced profs are confused, how can we expect students to understand?)
    • Stephanie Cooper
       
      Supports our QEP theory that a well developed assignment will result in better student grades and participation...
  • Some recent research shows that many students do poorly on assignments or in participation because they do not understand what to do or why they should do it.
  • Attending to the need for power could be as simple as allowing students to choose from among two or three things to do--two or three paper topics, two or three activities, choosing between writing an extra paper and taking the final exam, etc. Many students have a need to have fun in active ways--in other words, they need to be noisy and excited. Rather than always avoiding or suppressing these needs, design an educational activity that fulfills them.
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  • Students will be much more committed to a learning activity that has value for them, that they can see as meeting their needs, either long term or short term. They will, in fact, put up with substantial immediate unpleasantness and do an amazing amount of hard work if they are convinced that what they are learning ultimately meets their needs.
Keith Hamon

The power of blog tagging | Technology Teacher - 0 views

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    Tagging allows you to find content in other blogs that matches yours and possibly can provide you with additional insights and information about a subject area you are passionate about. But tagging can also serve a very valuable service for faculty using blogs as a class assignment. If your students are writing individual blogs for a class assignment/project, you can ask them to identify their blog posts with a specific tag, such as your name course name and section number.
Stephanie Cooper

Anti-Plagiarism Strategies - 0 views

  • Students are faced with too many choices, so they put off low priorities.
  • A remedy here would be to customize the research topic to include something of real interest to the students or to offer topics with high intrinsic interest to them.
  • If you structure your research assignment so that intermediate parts of it (topic, early research, prospectus, outline, draft, bibliography, final draft) are due at regular intervals, students will be less likely to get in a time-pressure panic and look for an expedient shortcut.
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  • Many students have poor time management and planning skills. 
  • Some students fear that their writing ability is inadequate.
  • Reassuring students of the help available to them (your personal attention, a writing center, teaching assistants, online writing lab sites, etc.) may give them the courage to persevere.
  • Do not assume that students know what plagiarism is, even if they nod their heads when you ask them. Provide an explicit definition for them.
  • In addition to a definition, though, you should discuss with your students the difference between appropriate, referenced use of ideas or quotations and inappropriate use. You might show them an example of a permissible paraphrase (with its citation) and an impermissible paraphrase (containing some paraphrasing and some copying), and discuss the difference.
  • A degree will help students get a first job, but performance--using the skills developed by doing just such assignments as research papers--will be required for promotion.
  • Many students do not seem to realize that whenever they cite a source, they are strengthening their writing. Citing a source, whether paraphrased or quoted, reveals that they have performed research work and synthesized the findings into their own argument. Using sources shows that the student in engaged in "the great conversation," the world of ideas, and that the student is aware of other thinkers' positions on the topic. By quoting (and citing) writers who support the student's position, the student adds strength to the position. By responding reasonably to those who oppose the position, the student shows that there are valid counter arguments. In a nutshell, citing helps make the essay stronger and sounder and will probably result in a better grade.
  • Strategies of Prevention
Stephanie Cooper

TeachPaperless: Using Jing to Assess Online Student Writing - 1 views

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    Jing software gives teachers an easier way to provide feedback on online writing assignments
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    This may be a software worth looking into for assessing online student writing.
Keith Hamon

Academics, in New Move, Begin to Work With Wikipedia - Wired Campus - The Chronicle of ... - 0 views

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    Academics have held the online, user-written reference work in some disdain, said Mahzarin R. Banaji, a psychology professor at Harvard University, "but now I'm hearing nothing but enthusiasm, and I really think this is going to work." Ms. Banaji, the association's president, has put the prestige of a leading scholarly group-and her own name-behind the project, which involves a new interface custom-designed to make encyclopedia entries easier to write and edit, a nascent social network that links scholars who share interests, and tutorials for professors on ways to make writing for Wikipedia part of course assignments.
Keith Hamon

Collaborative Learning for the Digital Age - The Chronicle Review - The Chronicle of Hi... - 0 views

  • I had the students each contribute a new entry or amend an existing entry on Wikipedia, or find another public forum where they could contribute to public discourse.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      This could be a key type of writing assignment in any class, and it can be done individually or in collaborative groups. 
  • What if "research paper" is a category that invites, even requires, linguistic and syntactic gobbledygook?
    • Keith Hamon
       
      I think the traditional research paper does invite gobbledygook, that's why we get so much gobbledygook from it.
  • Research indicates that, at every age level, people take their writing more seriously when it will be evaluated by peers than when it is to be judged by teachers.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      Here is a key to why QEP encourages public writing within discourse communities and is moving away from traditional classroom writing aimed solely at a grading teacher.
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  • Lunsford surprised everyone with her findings that students were becoming more literate, rhetorically dexterous, and fluent—not less, as many feared. The Internet, she discovered, had allowed them to develop their writing.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      Imagine that! Our students are becoming MORE literate, not less. This is a core belief of QEP: that the Internet is encouraging more written communications among more people than at any other time in history. We wonder why the Academy is ignoring this wonderful, rich energy.
  • Everything, that is, except the grading.
    • Keith Hamon
       
      Assessment is perhaps the single most intractable aspect of traditional education. In some ways, crowdsourcing grades actually violates legal regulations about student privacy. This is a serious issue, but I am confident that we will resolve it.
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    Current practices of our educational institutions-and workplaces-are a mismatch between the age we live in and the institutions we have built over the last 100-plus years. The 20th century taught us that completing one task before starting another one was the route to success. Everything about 20th-century education, like the 20th-century workplace, has been designed to reinforce our attention to regular, systematic tasks that we take to completion. Attention to task is at the heart of industrial labor management, from the assembly line to the modern office, and of educational philosophy, from grade school to graduate school.
Stephanie Cooper

JOLT - Journal of Online Learning and Teaching - 1 views

  • The use of web logs (“blogs”) has become a popular addition to many college courses as faculty try to find new ways to integrate this popular technology into the classroom. (Beeson, 2005; Quible, 2005; Ducate, 2005, Glogoff, 2005).   By the end of 2004, 32 million Americans said they had read a blog, eight million Americans had created blogs, and almost half were created by people under age 30 (Reine, 2005).   In fact, Huffaker (2005) cites several studies that reveal that a significant number of blog authors are younger than 20.  Lenhart (2006) notes that by 2006, these numbers had increased to 12 million American adults who keep a blog, and 57 million American adults who say they read them. Thus, students come to the classroom with a facility for maintaining and communicating through blogs.  Beeson (2005) argues that it is an approach that is more in keeping with their way of thinking (29).  With the increased popularity of blogs, faculty members have been integrating them into their courses to enhance class discussion.  Past research has summarized findings from case studies involving the use of blogs in a single course (Glogoff, 2003; Quible, 2005; Ducate, 2005).  The authors of this study, conducted at a business university, assigned a similar blogging exercise in three different courses—expository writing, e-commerce, and government--in order to introduce students to the use of blogs in their respective disciplines and to help students prepare for meaningful classroom discussion. This study finds that by completing the required readings and then posting discussion questions and reflections on topics of interest to which their classmates can respond--essentially beginning the conversation prior to the class session--students become more engaged in the course material. This exercise requires students not only to read the required course materials but to engage with them critically in order to move beyond a superficial understanding of the materials.  By using the same assignment and assessment tool, the authors found that blogs can be effective in enhancing class discussion in a range of disciplines and in integrating liberal learning into professional programs.            Blogging in the Classroom
  • Like online threaded discussion groups, blogs are an easy way to engage in dialogue on the web outside the classroom. The availability of several blog providers such as Google’s blogger.com, LiveJournal.com, and WordPress.com make it free and easy to set up, manage, and update blogs frequently and without additional support.   By using blogs “students become familiar with blogging, a tool now used by an ever-increasing number of employers to support routine operating functions” (Quible, 2005, p. 76).
  • Since blogs are a fairly recent pedagogical tool, new scholarship has emerged that points to its benefits in the classroom.  The ability of students and faculty to easily update an online journal promotes blogging as a new form of communication to enhance class discussion and to create a community outside the classroom.  Flatley (2005) argues that the technological medium provides a space where students can interact with one another, and it can open up the classroom space "where discussions are continued and where every student gets an equal voice" (p. 77).  In addition, blogs can promote collaboration (Flatley, 2005; Williams & Jacobs, 2004; Oravec, 2002).
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  • In contrast to more traditional forums for online discussion, blogs are open to the world to see. This provides visibility for students to share their ideas with the larger world. Quible (2005) says that blogs are “a natural in business communications courses” (p. 73) because they enable students to share their writing with a larger audience.  Glogoff (2003) notes that students “used the [class] blog for a purpose other than from what it was initially intended,” (p. 2162) causing them to create a new blog for a more general audience.  Huffaker (2005) argues that bloggers can get feedback on their writing from a wide range of other bloggers, and "they can link to fellow bloggers, creating an interwoven, dynamic organization" (p. 94).  In addition, "students can have a personal space to lty member not want student writing made public, blogs can be maintained so that only the students in the are allowed to access it and post to it.
anonymous

Informal, In Class Writing Activities - 3 views

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    This article gives some good examples of different types of in class writing our QEP instructors can use for graded or non graded writing assignments.
Mary Ann Scott

Designing Effective Online Assignments - Do Your Job Better - The Chronicle of Higher E... - 1 views

    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      This is a good goal.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      Be sensitive to both what you are looking for from the student and what they may be bringing to their approach to the assignment. It may depend on the level of the course or the student and his experience with writing in general.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      When it's possible
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    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      We definitely want them thinking rather than filling in the blanks. A well-written prompt gives them a clear framework where they can learn and share their their insights clearly.
    • Mary Ann Scott
       
      I don't know why my highlighter isn't working here. Scope is an important element for the student to understand, especially if you are going to evaluate their work based on specific criteria. While writing should be considered as a learning tool, it is also an assessment tool that is usually attached to a grade. Give them the tools for success.
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