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One thing that the riots in London and other cities last week taught us is that young people want to have their say, and want to be listened to. The removal of citizenship education from our education system takes away one of the few ways the state can provide this.

Instead of doing away with such vital forms of education, we should be starting it earlier and making it compulsory for all. Some primary schools teach the basics of voting or other areas of citizenship as part of personal, social and health education, or perhaps because they have a school council, but this largely depends on the enthusiasm and time commitments of senior management or staff. Yet these younger pupils can often be the most engaged and enthusiastic as they are the most idealistic, and what is politics if it is not the constant striving for the realisation of our various ideals?

This paper considers how mobile phones have been taken up by citizens to create new forms of expression and power. The specific focus is the use of mobile phones in community development, with examples including the Grameenphone, agriculture and markets, the Filipino diasporic community, HIV/AIDS healthcare, and mobile phones in activism and as media. It is argued that mobile phones form a contact zone between traditional concepts of community and citizen media, on the one hand, and emerging movements in citizenship, democracy, governance, and development, on the other hand.

DHAKA, 27 August 2010 (IRIN) - Helping the over 200,000-strong Bihari minority in Bangladesh learn how to read and write is key to their full integration, say activists.

The once stateless, Urdu-speaking minority who only recently gained citizenship, were shut out of state schools for decades. “These communities are highly scarred having spent generations in the camp[s]… Though government schools have started enrolling Bihari children in the past 8-10 years, so much more needs to be done,” C.R. Abrar, the group’s coordinator, told IRIN.

In 1971 Biharis - named after their Indian region of origin - found themselves in a diplomatic dilemma: Linguistically tied to Urdu-speaking Pakistan, they were living in Bengali-speaking Bangladesh when the latter won independence from what today is Pakistan.

The teaching and learning activities have been designed to address the outcomes in all subjects related to Civics and Citizenship across Australia (including history, society andenvironment and humanities).