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"We found that adult Nod2-deficient mice display a substantially altered microbial community structure and a significantly elevated bacterial load in their faeces and terminal ileum compared to their wild-type counterparts. Interestingly, we demonstrate that these findings are also present in weaning mice, indicating a profound influence of Nod2 on the early development and composition of the intestinal microbiota. We demonstrate that NOD2 genotypes also influence the microbial composition in humans. Conclusions Our results point to an essential role of Nod2 for the temporal development and composition of the host microbiota, both in mice and in humans, which may contribute to the complex role of NOD2 for the aetiopathogenesis of Crohn's disease. "

Research in microbiology is done to determine how these organisms prove beneficial to human health. Microbial genetics also deals with the transfer of the desired gene from any source of the plant. Besides this, microbiological studies are involved with an end to end the study of each and every drug we use today.

Get bacterial identification report based on 16S rDNA data at the Trivedi Science.

""We probably have underestimated the role our microbial flora play in modulating disease risk," says Daniel Rader, a heart disease specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Rader, who was not involved in the study, says that gut bacteria may not be as big a factor in causing heart disease as diabetes or smoking, but could be important in tipping some people toward sickness. Researchers led by Stanley Hazen, a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic, didn't start out to study gut bacteria. In fact, says Hazen, he had "no clue - zero," that intestinal microbes were involved in heart disease. "I'd never even considered it or thought of the concept." Hazen and his colleagues compared blood plasma from healthy people to plasma from people who had had heart attacks, strokes or died to see if substances in the blood could predict who is in danger from heart disease. The researchers found 18 small molecules associated with fat buildup in the arteries. One of the best predictors turned out to be a byproduct made when gut bacteria break down a fat called choline (also known as lecithin). The more of this byproduct, called trimethylamine N-oxide or TMAO, a person or mouse has in the blood, the higher the risk of getting heart disease, the researchers found. Gut bacteria are actually middlemen in TMAO production. The microbes convert lecithin to a gas that smells like rotten fish. Then an enzyme in the liver changes the foul-smelling gas to TMAO."

"Our knowledge of species and functional composition of the human gut microbiome is rapidly increasing, but it is still based on very few cohorts and little is known about variation across the world. By combining 22 newly sequenced faecal metagenomes of individuals from four countries with previously published data sets, here we identify three robust clusters (referred to as enterotypes hereafter) that are not nation or continent specific. We also confirmed the enterotypes in two published, larger cohorts, indicating that intestinal microbiota variation is generally stratified, not continuous. This indicates further the existence of a limited number of well-balanced host-microbial symbiotic states that might respond differently to diet and drug intake."

Bacteria are often social creatures. Suspended in colonies of varying shapes and sizes, these microbes communicate with their brethren and even other bacterial species - interactions that can sometimes make them more deadly or more resistant to antibiotics. Now, bacterial colonies sculpted into custom shapes by a 3-D printer could be a key to understanding how some antibiotic-resistant infections develop. The new technique uses methods similar to those employed by commercial 3-D printers, which extrude plastic, to create gelatin-based bacterial breeding grounds. These microbial condos can be carved into almost any three-dimensional shape, including pyramids and nested spheres.

""There are flash bulbs going off in the dark, suggesting that very complex neurodegenerative disorders may be linked to the microbiome. But once again this is very speculative. These seminal findings, the flash bulbs, are only just beginning to illuminate our vision of the gut-microbiome-brain connection," said Mazmanian"

Bacterial Identification Service based on 16S rDNA data. Treated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa experiment and research based on Trivedi Effect.

Genomic DNA was isolated from Staphylococcus aureus samples provided by Mahendra Trivedi and sub cultured samples provided by Bangalore Genei using Ultrapure Genomic DNA prep Kit.

The objective of the project by Trivedi Science is to Genotype five samples (CONTROL Versus TREATED) of the same line with five primers on Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048.

Trivedi Science - Solation of genomic DNA from Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 15380) samples, generating RAPD-Fingerprinting profiles showing Polymorphic bands with five RAPD primers

Nocardia Otitidis Treated by Mahendra Trivedi. Bacterial Identification Service based on 16S rDNA data.

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus - Genomic DNA was isolated from the pure culture pellet provided by Medical Research Centre- (Mumbai), on behalf of Mahendra Trivedi.

Genetic research permits the genetic diagnosis of susceptibilities of hereditary diseases. We know that the close members of a family may share many of their genes. By linking to a family in genetic research, scientists can study which genetic variances are shared by the family members who have the disease but not found in the rest of the family.

Microbes are preferably suitable for joint biochemical as well as genetic research and studies and have been effective in providing evidence about the genetic code and the regulation of gene activity.