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Understanding the Anxious Mind - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • But some people, no matter how robust their stock portfolios or how healthy their children, are always mentally preparing for doom. They are just born worriers, their brains forever anticipating the dropping of some dreaded other shoe. For the past 20 years, Kagan and his colleagues have been following hundreds of such people, beginning in infancy, to see what happens to those who start out primed to fret. Now that these infants are young adults, the studies are yielding new information about the anxious brain.
  • Four significant long-term longitudinal studies are now under way: two at Harvard that Kagan initiated, two more at the University of Maryland under the direction of Nathan Fox, a former graduate student of Kagan’s. With slight variations, they all have reached similar conclusions: that babies differ according to inborn temperament; that 15 to 20 percent of them will react strongly to novel people or situations; and that strongly reactive babies are more likely to grow up to be anxious.
  • In the brain, these thoughts can often be traced to overreactivity in the amygdala, a small site in the middle of the brain that, among its many other functions, responds to novelty and threat. When the amygdala works as it should, it orchestrates a physiological response to changes in the environment. That response includes heightened memory for emotional experiences and the familiar chest pounding of fight or flight. But in people born with a particular brain circuitry, the kind seen in Kagan’s high-reactive study subjects, the amygdala is hyperreactive, prickly as a haywire motion-detector light that turns on when nothing’s moving but the rain. Other physiological changes exist in children with this temperament, many of them also related to hyperreactivity in the amygdala. They have a tendency to more activity in the right hemisphere, the half of the brain associated with negative mood and anxiety; greater increases in heart rate and pupil dilation in response to stress; and on occasion higher levels of the stress hormones cortisol and norepinephrine.
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  • The physiological measurements led them to believe something biological was at work. Their hypothesis: the inhibited children were “born with a lower threshold” for arousal of various brain regions, in particular the amygdala, the hypothalamus and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the circuit responsible for the stress hormone cortisol.
  • At age 4, children who had been high-reactive were four times as likely to be behaviorally inhibited as those who had been low-reactive. By age 7, almost half of the jittery babies had developed symptoms of anxiety — fear of thunder or dogs or darkness, extreme shyness in the classroom or playground — compared with just 10 percent of the more easygoing ones. About one in five of the high-reactive babies were consistently inhibited and fearful at every visit up to the age of 7.
  • By adolescence, the rate of anxiety in Kagan’s study subjects declined overall, including in the high-risk group. At 15, about two-thirds of those who had been high-reactors in infancy behaved pretty much like everybody else.
  • PEOPLE WITH A nervous temperament don’t usually get off so easily, Kagan and his colleagues have found. There exists a kind of sub-rosa anxiety, a secret stash of worries that continue to plague a subset of high-reactive people no matter how well they function outwardly. They cannot quite outrun their own natures: consciously or unconsciously, they remain the same uneasy people they were when they were little.
  • Teenagers who were in the group at low risk for anxiety showed no increase in activity in the amygdala when they looked at the face, even if they had been told to focus on their own fear. But those in the high-risk group showed increased activity in the amygdala when they were thinking about their own feelings (though not when they were thinking about the nose). Once again, this pattern was seen in anxiety-prone youngsters quite apart from whether they had problems with anxiety in their daily lives. In the high-risk kids, even those who were apparently calm in most settings, their amygdalas lighted up more than the others’ did.
  • Behaviorally inhibited children were much more likely to have older siblings: two-thirds of them did, compared with just one-third of the uninhibited children. Could having older siblings, he and his co-authors wondered, mean being teased and pushed, which becomes a source of chronic stress, which in turn amplifies a biological predisposition to inhibition?
  • high-reactive babies who went to day care when they were young were significantly less fearful at age 4 than were the high-reactives who stayed home with their mothers.
  • The predictive power of an anxiety-prone temperament, such as it is, essentially works in just one direction: not by predicting what these children will become but by predicting what they will not. In the longitudinal studies of anxiety, all you can say with confidence is that the high-reactive infants will not grow up to be exuberant, outgoing, bubbly or bold. Still, while a Sylvia Plath almost certainly won’t grow up to be a Bill Clinton, she can either grow up to be anxious and suicidal, or simply a poet. Temperament is important, but life intervenes.
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    This is a good article that looks at how anxiety happens- it is more or less something you are born with, but you learn to live with, if you are intelligent about it. Liked it. Good writing.
Sue Frantz

Dichotomistic logic - the 10% myth - 0 views

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    It is a well known "fact" that we use just 10 percent of our brains. This is why creativity gurus are always urging us to learn to tap the other silent 90 percent. It has also been a staple point for those who want to argue that consciousness has little to do with brain circuitry and more to do with some intangible soul-stuff. So where did this particular old wives' tale spring from? Well, there are at least three famous bits of neuroscientific research that have fed the myth. And here are the modern countering arguments.
Sue Frantz

Scientist at Work - James W. Pennebaker - Psychologist James Pennebaker Counts, and Ana... - 0 views

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    "James W. Pennebaker's interest in word counting began more than 20 years ago, when he did several studies suggesting that people who talked about traumatic experiences tended to be physically healthier than those who kept such experiences secret. He wondered how much could be learned by looking at every single word people used - even the tiny ones, the I's and you's, a's and the's."
Sue Frantz

WNYC - Radiolab: Memory and Forgetting (June 08, 2007) - 0 views

shared by Sue Frantz on 29 Nov 08 - Cached
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    Memory and Forgetting According to the latest research, remembering is an unstable and profoundly unreliable process. It's easy come, easy go as we learn how true memories can be obliterated and false ones added. And Oliver Sacks joins us to tell the story of an amnesiac whose love for his wife and music transcend his 7 second memory.
Sarah Eeee

*A Brain Scientist's Take on Writing*: What Mirror Images and Foreign Scripts Tell Us A... - 0 views

  • For most adults in literate countries, reading is so well practiced that it’s reflexive. If the words are there, it's impossible not to read.
  • If you raise a child on a desert island, he'll learn to eat, walk, and sleep, but odds are he won't spontaneously pick up a stick and start writing. For most of human history, written language didn't even exist. Reading as a cultural invention has only been around for a few thousand years, a snap of a finger in evolutionary terms.
  • we’re very good at seeing, and the trick is just to retune that machinery to the demands of reading.
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  • But even on a basic visual level, we have to somewhat reprogram our visual systems.
  • Mirror invariance, the idea that something flipped sideways is still the same object, is a core property of our visual systems, and for good reason.
  • What's the mirror image of b? Now it's a completely different letter: d.
  • Mirror reversal is overwhelmingly common in beginning writers, from the occasional flipped letter to whole words written as a mirror image. Kids do this spontaneously. They never actually see flipped letters in the world around them. It's as if their brains are too powerful for the task.
  • With practice however, we do retrain our brains to read
  • Does the brain of a reader look different from that of a nonreader?
  • Since blood flow is tied to brain activity, fMRI allows us to see the patches of brain involved in different tasks.
    • Sarah Eeee
       
      Bit of an oversimplification, no?
  • They found that most participants did indeed have a brain region that responded more to words than objects.
  • This is rather remarkable, that the brain would develop a specialized area for an artificial category of images.
  • need more proof that this region developed as a result of learning to read.
  • If reading experience does alter the brain, you would expect English readers and English/Hebrew readers to have different brain responses to Hebrew. And this is indeed what Baker found. The bilingual readers had high activation for both Hebrew and English in their word region, while monolingual English readers only had high activation for English.
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    Interesting & quick post on research into the neurological basis of reading.
thinkahol *

Keeping Marriage Alive with Affairs, Asexuality, Polyamory, and Living Apart | Psycholo... - 0 views

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    In my previous post, I introduced you to the first part of Pamela Haag's provocative new book, Marriage Confidential: The Post-Romantic Age of Workhorse Wives, Royal Children, Undersexed Spouses, and Rebel Couples Who Are Rewriting the Rules. The 21st century, she argues, is a post-romantic age of melancholy marriages. The couples are not acutely stressed nor entangled in constant conflict - they are just melancholy. They signed up for the marriage pact and lost a vital part of themselves in the process. In that first post, I reviewed some of the problems that Haag diagnosed as plaguing some contemporary marriages. Here, I will go through a few of them and tell you about some of the solutions Haag learned about in her research and interviews. Remember, her goal is not to generate alternatives to marriage but alternatives within marriage that have the potential to keep the marriages together. To longtime readers of Living Single, I bet you will anticipate the conclusion I am leading up to before you get to the end of this post.
Todd Suomela

A Look Tells All: Scientific American - 0 views

  • Ekman, however, was fascinated by the mystery of nonverbal communication. He wanted to understand why some people had little trouble decoding the feelings of others, almost as if they were reading an open book, whereas others fell for one con artist after another. His motto was: trust your eyes, not conventional wisdom. The widespread belief then was that facial expressions arose simply from cultural learning: a child in a given culture learned the faces that accompanied particular emotions by observing people, and over time different cultures developed different expressions. Even renowned researchers such as anthropologist Margaret Mead were unconvinced of the existence of a universal repertoire of expressions, as Charles Darwin had proposed in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, published in 1872 but subsequently ignored.
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    Description of Paul Ekman's work on universal human expressions and microexpressions.
MrGhaz .

Pre Historic Puzzles: Rocking The Cradle of Civilization - 0 views

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    Pre Historic Puzzles: Rocking the Cradle of Civilization For more than a century, archeologists were convincing that the cradle of civilization lay in Greece, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. The learning of the advanced peoples of this region, it was thought, gradually moved west into Europe. But in the last few decades these theories have been overturned, thanks to Nobel Prize-winning physicist Willard F. Libby and a substance knows as carbon 14. Carbon 14 is a radioactive substance that exists in minute quantities. In the late 1940's Libby discovered that all plants and animals absorb it. When they die, the carbon-like all radioactive substances-begins to decay at a regular rate. Libby was able to measure this rate and could thus use carbon 14 as an archeological calendar. Today it is known that half of the carbon 14 in living organism disappears in 5,730 years, half of what remains in an additional 5,730 years, and so on. How old is old? Many of the items found at prehistoric sites are made of organic material. By measuring the amount of carbon 14 remaining in the shaft of an old ax or a piece of pottery, for example, scientists can accurately determine its age. Radiocarbon dating has proved to be phenomenally accurate: it can date to within 100 years going back to 50,000 B.C. It is particularly useful on wood because it can be checked against Dendron-chronology, dating by tree rings. A new ring forms every year in the trunk of a tree as it grows: counting the number of rings enables one to determine the age of any tree. Where did civilization begin?
anouar075

I Think Smart - 0 views

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    We enjoy learning new things every day and reflecting on thought-provoking theories and issues. We are trying to become better people and achieve success and inner harmony. We keep our mind open and accept the possibility that there may be many things that are beyond our understanding. If you share these values, please join us!
Page Turn Pro

Learning The Basics Of Flipping Book Software - 0 views

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    In the present world, where you can avail a competitive edge over your competitors with the use of the technology, there is no reason why you can remain behind others. But what's the method? It's simple; just buy digital flipping book software.
Hypnosis Training Academy

[FREE INTERVIEW] How To Use Hypnosis In Stressful Corporate Situations To Build Rapport - 0 views

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    Building rapport from the get-go is essential during a hypnosis session. It helps put the client at ease and build trust, which is crucial when doing change work. But what if someone hasn't come to you as a client and hypnosis takes place outside of a clinical setting? How could you build rapport then… such as in highly stressful corporate situations when working with multiple people? And where you need to influence change where it matters the most… right at the top? That is exactly what master hypnotist Laz Dorgham explains is his in-depth with Igor Ledochowski. He reveals what he's learned about creating rapport from such fast-paced and stressful corporate environments. Particularly when it comes to helping people and corporations improve communication and to find ways to solve complicated issues they believed to be "unmanageable." Want to find out how? Listen to Part 1 of this inspiring interview at HypnosisTrainingAcademy.com to find out how you can use hypnosis in stressful professional situations to influence positive change.
Hypnosis Training Academy

Interview with Dr. Paul Scheele - Pioneer Of Paraliminal Hypnosis - 0 views

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    In this fascinating interview, Dr. Paul Scheele CEO of Scheele Learning Systems, explains that by activating the rich resources within the mind, it is possible to achieve phenomenal results in relationships, work, money and health. In this insightful interview, he shares his inspiring hypnosis journey - which starts off with how he came to run the oldest hypnosis practice in Minneapolis at only 19, and the life-changing epiphany that followed. You'll also discover how this realization inspired him to develop Paraliminal hypnosis to help people uncover their inner resources for success by communicating with both sides of the brain simultaneously. Curious to discover more about Paraliminal Hypnosis Technology and how you can use it to improve all areas of your life? Listen to this powerful interview at HypnosisTrainingAcademy.com now...
nextergo

What Is A Standing Desk Good For? - 0 views

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    Introducing a standing desk to your office environment will help you boost your energy, reduce pain and discomforts, maintain your health, and improve your productivity. The benefits of standing desks are so huge that every office is now turning to the desks for the sake of employees' health. Read on to learn more.
nextergo

Are Standing Desks Going To Replace Desk Chairs? - 0 views

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    A height-adjustable desk is for sitting and standing, and you will reap the real benefits by changing your working positions often. Standing desks can never replace your desk chair because it promotes sitting and standing both. Having a height-adjustable desk makes the combination of sitting and standing will be beneficial for your health. Read on to learn more.
nextergo

What Is A Standing Desk Good For? - 0 views

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    Introducing a standing desk to your office environment will help you boost your energy, reduce pain and discomforts, maintain your health, and improve your productivity. The benefits of standing desks are so huge that every office is now turning to the desks for the sake of employees' health. Read on to learn more.
nextergo

What Is The Best Way To Stand At A Standing Desk? - 0 views

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    Standing at your standing desk follows a few rules for getting better health benefits. Maintaining postures and transitioning between your working positions will keep you active. Want to know the best way to stand at your standing desk? Learn ergonomic rules and correct your posture. We have shared some more tips here. Read on to know more.
nextergo

Clean And Sanitize Your Standing Desk - 0 views

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    Learn how to clean and sanitize your standing desks for killing germs and stopping the spread of viruses. Read on to know more.
nextergo

Adjust Lights In Your Sit-Stand Workstation - 0 views

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    Along with your sit-stand desk, you must learn to adjust the lights to get a comfortable environment for your eyes. We have discussed every detail to ensure a better understanding.
nextergo

NextErgo Smart Standing Desk To Your Professional Satisfaction - 0 views

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    NextErgo brilliant standing desk introduces a great working culture with its innovative features. Standing desks are good for the health, but smart standing desks make your working life smarter and more comfortable. The posture-perfecting technology itself is a great feature that helps you improve your posture. You will get twenty-five step-by-step instructions to organize your desk properly. You will learn more about office ergonomics, which will improve your posture. At work, you can enjoy the benefits of features like standing goals, desk exercises, AI-fitness alerts, and more. On your pre-order, you will get up to $700 off. Please contact us for more details.
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