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The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to invite applications for the Specialized Clinical Centers ("hubs") of the Early Phase Pain Investigation Clinical Network (EPPIC-Net). EPPIC-Net will serve as the cornerstone of the NIH's Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Initiative. EPPIC-Net will provide a robust and readily accessible infrastructure for carrying out in-depth phenotyping and biomarker studies in patients with specific pain conditions, and the rapid design and performance of high-quality Phase 2 clinical trials to test promising novel therapeutics for pain from partners in academia or industry. Studies will bring intense focus to patients with well-defined pain conditions and high unmet therapeutic needs.

Mozambique is at a critical junction of controlling its HIV/AIDS epidemic in order to meet The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) goal of 90-90-90 by 2020 and 95-95-95 by 2030. Reaching these goals not only requires robust clinical interventions, but simultaneously requires addressing social, cultural, and legal barriers that inhibit equal access to health services for all people living with and affected by HIV. This requires not only the training of those at a local level who interact with people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) or other vulnerable populations but also building the capacity of civil society organizations that can assist with improving uptake of HIV services as well as improving retention and linkages. This NOFO will increase the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of HIV services provided in health facilities or community level by implementing innovative activities that reduce stigma and discrimination, increase retention and linkages of HIV and TB services, improve health facilities’ redress mechanisms, optimize care for HIV and TB patients, and improve patient rights and access to quality services for PLHIV.

The Idea Development Award promotes ideas that have the potential to yield high-impact findings and new avenues of investigation. This award mechanism supports conceptually innovative research that could ultimately lead to critical discoveries in TSC research and/or improvements in patient care. Research projects should include a well-formulated, testable hypothesis based on strong preliminary data and scientific rationale. The following are important aspects of the Idea Development Award: * Impact: Applications should articulate both the short- and long-term impact of the proposed research. High-impact research will, if successful, significantly advance TSC research and/or patient care. * Innovation: Innovative research may introduce a new paradigm, challenge existing paradigms, look at existing problems from new perspectives, or exhibit other uniquely creative qualities that may include high-risk/potentially high-gain approaches to TSC research. Research that is merely an incremental advance (the next logical step) is not considered innovative. * Preliminary Data: Unpublished results from the laboratory of the Principal Investigator (PI)

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits applications that propose to conduct time-sensitive mechanistic ancillary studies related to the NIAMS mission in conjunction with privately or publicly funded, ongoing clinical projects. The ongoing parent clinical project can be an interventional clinical trial, or a clinical study such as an observational study that will be actively collecting patient samples or clinical data. The parent project(s) should provide a cohort of well-characterized patients, infrastructure, data, and biological samples for the ancillary study. Applications submitted in response to this FOA will undergo an accelerated review and award process. The objective of this FOA is to provide a flexible mechanism to leverage established resources and maximize the return on existing investments in parent projects. Successful ancillary studies will enhance the scientific content and value of the parent projects, improve the research communitys understanding of a disease or organ system in the NIAMS portfolio, and thus may identify novel targets for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

The PRMRP Investigator-Initiated Research Award (IIRA) is intended to support studies that will make an important contribution toward research and/or patient care for a disease or condition related to at least one of the FY19 PRMRP Topic Areas. The rationale for a research idea may be derived from a laboratory discovery, population-based studies, a clinician's first-hand knowledge of patients, or anecdotal data. Applications must include relevant data that support the rationale for the proposed study. These data may be unpublished or from the published literature

The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) intends to continue support for research conducted within a national Dental Practice-Based Research Network (DPBRN). The NIDCR will fund one national DPBRN Administrative and Resource Center (RFA-DE-19-001) and one national DPBRN Coordinating Center (RFA-DE-19-002) as companion awards to support the infrastructure for and implementation of multiple observational studies and clinical trials. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is soliciting applications for investigator-initiated clinical observational studies and clinical trials to be conducted in the DPBRN through a milestone-driven UG3/UH3 cooperative agreement mechanism. Each UG3/UH3 award will support an individual project which will utilize the DPBRN infrastructure and resources for study planning and implementation. This FOA supports a UG3 clinical study planning phase and potential transition to a UH3 implementation phase, with a combined total funding period of up to six years. Progression to the UH3 phase is based on an administrative review and is dependent on success in meeting UG3 milestones, consideration of the DPBRN as an appropriate venue for conduct of the research, NIDCR program priorities, and availability of funds. The main goals of the national DPBRN are to streamline the implementation of national oral health research studies in dental practices on topics of importance to practitioners and their patients, to provide evidence useful in daily patient care, and to facilitate the translation of research findings into clinical practice.

A rare disease is defined by the Orphan Drug Act as a disease that affects less than 200,000 people in the US. As described in FDA draft Guidance, "Rare Diseases: Common Issues in Drug Development Guidance for Industry" (https://www.fda.gov/ucm/groups/fdagov-public/@fdagov-drugs-gen/documents/document/ucm458485.pdf ), fit-for-purpose clinical endpoints for many rare diseases are not available. Selection or development of clinical outcome assessments for use to support efficacy of a treatment in a rare disease can be challenging due to the small sample size of possible participants for participation in instrument development and clinical trials and heterogeneity of the target patient population (e.g., phenotypic or genotypic variations, age, clinical manifestations, variations in patient experience, and rate of disease progression). However, many rare diseases share similar clinical characteristics such as decline in cognition and physical function, which offers an opportunity to explore clinical outcome assessments that may cover a spectrum of rare diseases.

The American Cancer Society is accepting proposals for research projects with the potential to generate new knowledge of the effects of the United States healthcare system structure and the role of insurance in both access to and the outcomes of cancer screening, early detection, and treatment services. ACS is keenly interested in supporting rapid learning research on the effects of health policy changes on patients, providers, and health systems. This includes but is not limited to facilitators and barriers to care; unintended consequences; differential experiences and outcomes of patients seeking or receiving care; best practice models for quality care; and economic impact. Awards will not exceed $200,000 per year (direct costs) for up to four years. To be eligible, applicants must be affiliated with a nonprofit institution in the United States, one of its territories, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and be a U.S. citizen, non-citizen national, or permanent resident of the United States. Independent investigators at all stages of their career are encouraged to apply.

The goal of the American Kidney Fund Clinical Scientist in Nephrology (CSN) fellowship program is to improve the quality of care provided to kidney patients and to promote clinical research in nephrology. The CSN program enhances the training of nephrologists who wish to pursue an academic career and whose primary professional commitment is to scholarship in the provision of patient care. Our CSN fellows conduct prevention and outcomes research while receiving advanced training in essential skills such as medical ethics, biostatistics and epidemiology.

The SCIRP IIRA is intended to support studies that have the potential to make an important contribution to SCI research, patient care, and/or quality of life. Important aspects of this award mechanism include: * Impact: Applications should articulate both the short- and long-term impact of the proposed research. Projects must address one or more of the FY20 SCIRP IIRA Focus Areas. * Relevance to Military Health: Projects should be relevant to spinal cord-injured military Service members, Veterans, and/or their family members and care partners. Collaboration with military and VA researchers and clinicians is encouraged. * Preliminary Data: Observations that drive a research idea may be derived from laboratory discovery, population-based studies, a clinician's first-hand knowledge of patients, or anecdotal data. Applications must include preliminary and/or published data that are relevant to the mission of the SCIRP and support the proposed research project

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is a part of an initiative designed to establish a Liver Cancer Consortium to advance translational research focused on early detection of liver cancer. The Consortium will consist of several Translational Research Centers (TRCs, to be supported by this U01 FOA) and a Data Management and Coordinating Center (DMCC, to be supported a companion U24 FOA, RFA-CA-17-028). The TRCs will conduct studies to improve the surveillance of liver cancer in members of high-risk populations, increase the fraction of liver cancer detected at an early stage, and better stratify patients at risk of developing liver cancer. Research to be conducted by TRCs must be based on appropriate range of biospecimens from cohorts that are focused on cirrhotic patients. A major collaborative effort of the TRCs will be the establishment of a well annotated repository of biospecimens. Biospecimens (blood, other body fluids, and, when feasible, liver tissue) may be already available and/or may be prospectively collected.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to encourage research grant applications to: (1) assess and describe the current state of oral anticancer medication utilization, delivery, and adherence; (2) identify structural, systemic, and psychosocial barriers to adherence; and (3) develop models and strategies to improve safe and effective delivery of these agents so that clinical outcomes are optimized. Applications should focus research questions on at least one of the following: specific cancer type; class of drugs; and/or groups subject to disparities (e.g., elderly populations, members of low socioeconomic groups, racial/ethnic minorities). Research may be focused at the patient (pediatric, adolescent, or adult), patient-caregiver, provider, health care team, or health care delivery system level, and may include intervention studies, observational studies, or mixed-methods studies. Observational studies should emphasize modifiable risk factors for future intervention research.

ENTELLIGENCE, in partnership with Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, supports basic science, translational, and clinical research in the field of cardiopulmonary medicine. The program provides opportunities for individual young investigators to promote quality medical care and enhance patients' lives by supporting research in pulmonary hypertension. To that end, ENTELLIGENCE is accepting applications for its thirteenth annual Young Investigator grant program. Established in 2005, the program provides opportunities for promising young investigators to promote quality medical care and enhance patients' lives by supporting research (basic science, clinical, or translational) in the area of pulmonary hypertension specifically related to expanding knowledge of pulmonary vascular pathobiology pathways. In 2018, the program will award a one-year grant of up to $100,000 to fund a mentored project.

The NIH Research Education Program (R25) supports research education activities in the mission areas of the NIH. The over-arching goal of this NCI R25 program is to support educational activities that complement and/or enhance the training of a workforce to meet the nation's biomedical, behavioral and clinical research needs. To accomplish the stated over-arching goal, this FOA will support creative educational activities with a primary focus on Research Experiences. Applications are encouraged that propose innovative, state-of-the-art programs that address the cause, diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of cancer, rehabilitation from cancer, or the continuing care of cancer patients and the families of cancer patients.

The National Kidney Foundation is dedicated to preventing kidney and urinary tract diseases, improving the health and well-being of individuals and families affected by kidney disease, and increasing the availability of all organs for transplantation. To that end, the organization welcomes applications for its Young Investigator Grant Program. Through the program, grants of up to $35,000 will be awarded to promising young scientists who have had nephrology training in support of patient-centered research. Funding for a second year of support is not guaranteed, although the investigator may request an additional year's funding as a competitive renewal. Elements of patient-oriented research activities may include but are not limited to development of new technologies, mechanisms of human disease, educational or therapeutic interventions, epidemiological studies, health policy studies, and clinical trials. To be eligible, applicants must hold a full-time appointment at a university or an equivalent position as a scientist on the staff of a research-oriented institution in the U.S., and must be no more than four years past their initial appointment to a faculty (or equivalent) position or appointment to a staff scientist (or equivalent) position in a research organization.

ENTELLIGENCE is a program designed for basic science, translational and clinical research in the field of cardiopulmonary medicine. The ENTELLIGENCE program provides opportunities for individual young investigators to promote quality medical care and enhance patients' lives by supporting research (basic science, translational and clinical research) in the area of pulmonary hypertension (PH) related to expanding our knowledge of the pathways involved in pulmonary vascular pathobiology and ultimately, to improve treatment for patients with pulmonary hypertension.

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that good adherence to recommended medications can yield better clinical outcomes and reduce downstream medical spending for patients with chronic conditions. However, many people do not take their medications as prescribed. Closing the adherence gap is important for improving the quality of health care, encouraging better chronic care management, and promoting better outcomes. Our goal is to support research that will advance knowledge of innovative and effective approaches to improve medication adherence. Relevant research goals may include development or evaluation of policies, interventions, or tools that have potential to improve medication adherence.

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that good adherence to recommended medications can yield better clinical outcomes and reduce downstream medical spending for patients with chronic conditions. However, many people do not take their medications as prescribed. Closing the adherence gap is important for improving the quality of health care, encouraging better chronic care management, and promoting better outcomes. Our goal is to support research that will advance knowledge of innovative and effective approaches to improve medication adherence. Relevant research goals may include development or evaluation of policies, interventions, or tools that have potential to improve medication adherence.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to invite cooperative agreement (U01) applications that propose studies to enhance pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo testing of NCI-prioritized molecularly targeted anti-cancer agents for use with radiation therapy combined with systemic chemotherapy. These studies should generate validated high-quality preclinical data on the effects of molecular therapeutics when added to standard-of-care therapies for solid tumors. The specific purpose is to provide a more rational basis for prioritizing those NCI-supported investigational new drugs or agents (INDs) most likely to have clinical activity with chemo-radiotherapy. The overall goal is to accelerate the pace at which combined modality treatments with greater efficacy are identified and incorporated into standard practices for treatments of patients with solid tumors.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to invite cooperative agreement (U01) applications that propose studies to enhance pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo testing of NCI-prioritized molecularly targeted anti-cancer agents for use with radiation therapy combined with systemic chemotherapy. These studies should generate validated high-quality preclinical data on the effects of molecular therapeutics when added to standard-of-care therapies for solid tumors. The specific purpose is to provide a more rational basis for prioritizing those NCI-supported investigational new drugs or agents (INDs) most likely to have clinical activity with chemo-radiotherapy. The overall goal is to accelerate the pace at which combined modality treatments with greater efficacy are identified and incorporated into standard practices for treatments of patients with solid tumors.

The Aneurysm and AVM Foundation seeks applications for scientific research projects that will significantly move the field forward toward effective understanding of the mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease. TAAF Grants respond to the cerebrovascular community's need for projects that highlight innovative research strategies that will support the development of novel cerebrovascular therapies, clinical management and recovery for patients.

The Aneurysm and AVM Foundation seeks applications for scientific research projects that will significantly move the field forward toward effective understanding of the mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease. TAAF Grants respond to the cerebrovascular community's need for projects that highlight innovative research strategies that will support the development of novel cerebrovascular therapies, clinical management and recovery for patients.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to 1) expand the collection of clinical data and biological specimens in the NINDS Parkinsons Disease Biomarkers Program (PDBP), a community research resource, to include data from patients with Lewy Body Dementias (including Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease with Dementia), and 2) to support hypothesis-driven clinical research to discover biomarkers that will improve the efficiency and outcome of Phase II clinical trials for the Lewy Body dementias and to provide an expansion of this existing research resource center for dissemination of information and access by the scientific community for further advancing research in this field. Applications may include both of these goals if justified.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to 1) expand the collection of clinical data and biological specimens in the NINDS Parkinsons Disease Biomarkers Program (PDBP), a community research resource, to include data from patients with Lewy Body Dementias (including Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease with Dementia), and 2) to support hypothesis-driven clinical research to discover biomarkers that will improve the efficiency and outcome of Phase II clinical trials for the Lewy Body dementias and to provide an expansion of this existing research resource center for dissemination of information and access by the scientific community for further advancing research in this field. Applications may include both of these goals if justified.