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The purpose of this FOA is to establish a center to coordinate and analyze single cell and other molecular data sets generated by SCORCH and other NIDA-funded HIV and substance use disorder projects and to make the data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) to enable secondary analyses by the scientific community. The SCORCH Data Center will coordinate, curate, analyze, and provide public access to single cell SCORCH datasets and other NIDA-generated molecular HIV/SUD data. The SCORCH Data Center will also be responsible for integrating the efforts of all funded components of the NIDA SCORCH program and serve as a community-wide nexus for single cell protocols, data, assay and data standards, and other resources generated by the program. The SCORCH Data Center and NIH staff will need to work closely together to accomplish these goals. Applications that are not responsive to this FOA will not be reviewed.  To be responsive to this FOA, projects should be framed to answer one or more vexing questions about persistent HIV infection in the brain.  In addition, the major thrust of the proposed project MUST: propose to coordinate and analyze single cell and other molecular data sets generated by SCORCH and other NIDA-funded HIV and substance use disorder projects. propose to make this data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) to enable secondary analyses by the scientific community.

The Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences (MCB) supports quantitative, mechanistic, predictive, and theory-driven fundamental research designed to promote understanding of complex living systems at the Molecular, subcellular, and cellular levels. While recognizing the need for thorough and accurate descriptions of biological complexes and pathways, the priority of the Division is to support work that advances the field by capturing the predictive power of mechanistic, quantitative, and evolutionary approaches. MCB is soliciting proposals in four core clusters:

The purpose of this FOA is to invite applications for Genomics, Epigenomics, and Transcriptomics Chemical Analysis Sites to join the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium. Awards made through this FOA will support the establishment of sites that will use appropriate technology to conduct genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics analysis of tissues collected from human participants and animals undergoing a physical activity intervention, contribute that data to a public consortium database, and participate in the initial statistical analysis to generate fingerprints of candidate Molecular transducers of physical activity.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites Research Project Grant (R01) applications to develop novel in vivo imaging technologies using molecular probes that target pathways or cells involved in the pathobiology of pulmonary diseases. The long-term goal of this program is to develop novel molecular imaging entities and approaches that facilitate early detection and diagnosis of lung disease, enable noninvasive monitoring of lung disease progression and prognosis, and accelerate progress of cell-specific drug delivery and therapies.The previous FOA (RFA-HL-12-036 - Phase 1) supported projects to develop and validate innovative novel imaging agents and approaches that included target selection, probe development and production, and initial characterization of the probe. Phase 2 of this initiative will support studies that advance translation of identified probes and associated imaging approaches from animal models into applicability for human lung diseases. Phase 2 studies must include work performed in vivo using appropriate animal models of lung diseaseand studies using human tissues and/or cells. Applications proposing Investigational New Drug (IND)-enabling studies of novel probes and imaging approaches are encouraged. Applicants are not required to have been funded in Phase 1 (RFA-HL-12-036) in order to submit applications for Phase 2.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits grant applications proposing research projects on the advanced development of emerging molecular and cellular analysis technologies and technical/analytical validation in an appropriate cancer-relevant biological system. An emerging technology is defined as one that has passed the pilot developmental stage and shows promise, but has not yet been significantly evaluated within the context of its intended use. If successful, these technologies would accelerate research in cancer biology, cancer treatment and diagnosis, early detection and screening, cancer control and epidemiology, and/or cancer health disparities. This FOA solicits projects where proof-of-principle of the proposed technology or methodology has been established and supportive preliminary data are available. Projects proposed to this FOA should reflect the potential to produce a molecular analysis technology with a major impact in a broad area of cancer-relevant research. Projects proposing to use established technologies where the novelty resides in the biological or clinical question being pursued are not appropriate for this solicitation and will not be reviewed.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits grant applications proposing exploratory research projects focused on further development and validation of emerging technologies offering novel capabilities for targeting, probing, or assessing molecular and cellular features of cancer biology for basic or clinical cancer research. This FOA solicits R33 applications where major feasibility gaps for the technology or methodology have been overcome, as demonstrated with supportive preliminary data, but still requires further development and rigorous validation to encourage adoption by the research community. Well-suited applications must offer the potential to accelerate and/or enhance research in the areas of cancer biology, early detection and screening, clinical diagnosis, treatment, control, epidemiology, and/or address issues associated with cancer health disparities. Technologies proposed for development may be intended to have widespread applicability but must be focused on improving molecular and/or cellular characterizations of cancer. Projects proposing application of existing technologies where the novelty resides in the biological or clinical target/question being pursued are non-responsive to this solicitation and will not be reviewed. Also listed under R21

The Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences (MCB) has developed a new opportunity to enable researchers with a strong track record of prior accomplishment to pursue a new avenue of research or inquiry. This funding mechanism is designed to facilitate and promote a PI's ability to effective adopt empowering technologies that might not be readily accessible in the PI's current research environment or collaboration network.Transformative research likely spans disciplines and minimizing the practical barriers to doing so will strengthen research programs poised to make significant contributions.The award is intended to allow mid-career or later-stage researchers (Associate or Full Professor, or equivalent) to expand or make a transition in their research programs via a sabbatical leave or similar mechanism of professional development and then develop that research program in their own lab. This award will also enable the PI to acquire new scientific or technical expertise, facilitate the investigator's competitiveness, and potentially lead to transformational impacts in Molecular and cellular bioscience. The award would fund up to six months of PI salary during the first sabbatical or professional development year, followed by support for continued research for two subsequent years upon the PI's return to normal academic duties.

The Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences (MCB) has developed a new opportunity to enable researchers with a strong track record of prior accomplishment to pursue a new avenue of research or inquiry. This funding mechanism is designed to facilitate and promote a PI's ability to effective adopt empowering technologies that might not be readily accessible in the PI's current research environment or collaboration network. Transformative research likely spans disciplines and minimizing the practical barriers to doing so will strengthen research programs poised to make significant contributions. The award is intended to allow mid-career or later-stage researchers (Associate or Full Professor, or equivalent) to expand or make a transition in their research programs via a sabbatical leave or similar mechanism of professional development and then develop that research program in their own lab. This award will also enable the PI to acquire new scientific or technical expertise, facilitate the investigator's competitiveness, and potentially lead to transformational impacts in Molecular and cellular bioscience.

The Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences (MCB) has developed a new opportunity to enable researchers with a strong track record of prior accomplishment to pursue a new avenue of research or inquiry. This funding mechanism is designed to facilitate and promote a PI's ability to effectively adopt empowering technologies that might not be readily accessible in the PI's current research environment or collaboration network. Transformative research likely spans disciplines and minimizing the practical barriers to doing so will strengthen research programs poised to make significant contributions. The award is intended to allow mid-career or later-stage researchers (Associate or Full Professor, or equivalent) to expand or make a transition in their research programs via a sabbatical leave or similar mechanism of professional development and then develop that research program in their own lab. This award will also enable the PI to acquire new scientific or technical expertise, facilitate the investigator's competitiveness, and potentially lead to transformational impacts in Molecular and cellular bioscience.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) to develop novel technologies to expand the capability for molecular analyses of banked frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. There is a need for improved tissue preservation methods that maintain histologic features while preserving high quality DNA, RNA, protein and small molecules in archived tissue from rodent and human studies. In addition, novel approaches are needed to preserve DNA, RNA, and small molecules during collection and storage of biological samples.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) solicits Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) grant applications from small business concerns (SBCs) to develop novel technologies to expand the capability for molecular analyses of banked frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. There is a need for improved tissue preservation methods that maintain histologic features while preserving high quality DNA, RNA, protein and small molecules in archived tissue from rodent and human studies. In addition, novel approaches are needed to preserve DNA, RNA, and small molecules during collection and storage of biological samples.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to solicit organ-specific applications for Biomarker Developmental Laboratories (BDLs), one of the four scientific units of the recently funded Early Detection Research Network (EDRN). The EDRN is a national infrastructure funded to discover, develop, and validate biomarkers for risk assessment, detection, and molecular diagnosis and prognosis of early cancer. BDLs are responsible for the discovery, development, characterization, and testing of new, or the refinement of existing, biomarkers and biomarker assays for risk assessment, detection, and molecular diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. The existing BDLs are primarily focused on ovary and gastrointestinal cancers. The proposed BDLs (to be supported under this FOA) must be focused on cancers of the breast, prostate and other genitourinary organs, and lung. In addition, cancers with rapidly rising incidenc

Genetic and genomic studies have identified genes and gene variants that may impact the fundamental biological mechanisms underpinning substance use disorders (SUDs).  Discovery of these genes/variants, while extremely valuable, is only the first step in understanding the molecular processes that influence SUDs. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages basic functional genetic and genomic research in two areas:  1. functional validation to determine which candidate genes/variants/epigenetic/non-coding RNA features have an authentic role in SUDs, and 2. detailed elucidation of the molecular pathways and processes modulated by candidate genes/variants, particularly for those genes with an unanticipated role in SUDs.   

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Research Project Grant (R01) applications to study molecular and cellular mechanisms of tissue injury and repair associated with alcohol use in humans. Excessive alcohol consumption has the potential to adversely affect multiple organ systems including the liver, brain, heart, pancreas, lung, kidney, endocrine and immune systems, as well as bone and skeletal muscle. In addition, there is accumulating evidence that long term alcohol consumption is associated with reduced host capacity for recovery and repair following trauma. The mechanisms for these alcohol-induced effects on tissue injury and repair are currently not fully understood. NIAAA is especially interested in integrative research that elucidates alcohols effects on complex mechanisms of injury and repair that are either common or specific to each organ system. This FOA also encourages the study of alcohols effect on stem cells, embryonic development, and regeneration. Also encourages are studies on molecular and cellular actions of moderate alcohol consumption. A better understanding of these underlying mechanisms may provide new avenues for developing more effective and novel approaches for prognosis, diagnosis, intervention, and treatment of alcohol-induced organ damage.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant Award (R21) applications to study molecular and cellular mechanisms of tissue injury and repair associated with alcohol use in humans. Excessive alcohol consumption has the potential to adversely affect multiple organ systems including the liver, brain, heart, pancreas, lung, kidney, endocrine and immune systems, as well as bone and skeletal muscle. In addition, there is accumulating evidence that long term alcohol consumption is associated with reduced host capacity for recovery and repair following trauma. The mechanisms for these alcohol-induced effects on tissue injury and repair are currently not fully understood. NIAAA is especially interested in integrative research that elucidates alcohols effects on complex mechanisms of injury and repair that are either common or specific to each organ system. This FOA also encourages the study of alcohols effect on stem cells, embryonic development, and regeneration. Also encouraged are studies on molecular and cellular actions of moderate alcohol consumption. A better understanding of these underlying mechanisms may provide new avenues for developing more effective and novel approaches for prognosis, diagnosis, intervention, and treatment of alcohol-induced organ damage.

The pathogenesis of scleroderma is complex and not well understood. Immune activation, vascular abnormalities and dysregulation of extracellular matrix components contribute to end-stage obliterative vasculopathy and fibrosis. Host and environmental factors may contribute to disease predisposition and onset. Although these disease components have been known for some time, their roles in disease initiation and progression are unclear. Research efforts in scleroderma have been focused on the analysis of the immune abnormalities with emphasis on the molecular characterization of autoantibody specificity, autoreactive T cells and cytokine production. Another major research focus has been on the analysis of abnormal collagen production and the regulatory molecular pathways that control collagen production by fibroblasts. Recently, however, new clues point to host factors related to immune activation and regulation of vascular cell activity as potentially key early events in the pathogenesis of scleroderma.

The participating NIH Institutes and Centers invite Research Project Grant (R01) applications to develop assays for high throughput screening (HTS) for use in Probe and Pre-therapeutic Discovery. Through this FOA, NIH wishes to stimulate research in 1) developing assays for specific biological targets and disease mechanisms relevant to the mission of participating NIH Institutes with the intent to screen for small molecule compounds that show potential as probes for use in advancing knowledge about the known targets, identifying new targets, or as pre-therapeutic leads; and 2) establishing collaboration with screening centers that have the requisite expertise and experience needed in implementation of HTS assays for the discovery and development of small molecule chemical probes. This FOA seeks to establish a stream of scientifically and technologically outstanding assays for screening by the NIH Molecular Libraries Production Centers Network (MLPCN) in the Molecular Libraries Program (MLP) and other academic centers. One important criterion for this initiative is novelty, so applicants are therefore encouraged to avoid focusing on areas and approaches that have been extensively targeted in other settings. Assays should be relevant to the scope of research in at least one of the participating NIH Institutes.

The Chemical and Biological Separations (CBS) program supports fundamental research on novel methods and materials for separation processes.  These processes are central to the chemical, biochemical, materials, energy, and pharmaceutical industries.  A fundamental understanding of the interfacial, transport, and thermodynamic behavior of multiphase chemical systems as well as quantitative descriptions of processing characteristics in the process-oriented industries is critical for efficient resource management and effective environmental protection.  The program encourages proposals that address emerging research areas and technologies, have a high degree of interdisciplinary thought coupled with knowledge creation, and integrate education and research. Research topics OF PARTICULAR INTEREST in CBS include fundamental molecular-level work on: Nanostructured materials for separations Biorenewable resource separation processes Purification of drinking water Field (flow, magnetic, electrical) induced separations Separation of molecular constituents from blood The duration of unsolicited awards is generally one to three years.  The average annual award size for the program is $80,000.  Proposals requesting a substantially higher amount than this, without prior consultation with the Program Director, may be returned without review.  Small equipment proposals of less than $100,000 will also be considered and may be submitted during the annual submission window. 

This program supports theoretical and computational materials research and education in the topical areas represented in DMR programs, including condensed matter physics, polymers, solid-state and materials chemistry, metals and nanostructures, electronic and photonic materials, ceramics, and biomaterials. The program supports fundamental research that advances conceptual, analytical, and computational techniques for materials research. A broad spectrum of research is supported using electronic structure methods, many-body theory, statistical mechanics, and Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations, along with other techniques, many involving advanced scientific computing. Emphasis is on approaches that begin at the smallest appropriate length scale, such as electronic, atomic, molecular, nano-, micro-, and mesoscale, required to yield fundamental insight into material properties, processes, and behavior and to reveal new materials phenomena. Areas of recent interest include, but are not limited to: strongly correlated electron systems; low-dimensional systems; nonequilibrium phenomena, including pattern formation, microstructural evolution, and fracture; high-temperature superconductivity; nanostructured materials and mesoscale phenomena; quantum coherence and its control; and soft condensed matter, including systems of biological interest.

The purpose of this FOA is to support innovative interdisciplinary, multi-institute research that will lead to the identification and validation of molecular mechanisms relevant to human biology that contribute to tau toxicity associated with Frontotemporal Degeneration (FTD). It is anticipated that this research will also contribute to tool development that can be applied to target validation in FTD clinical trials.Applications must include an administrative core, a scientific governance structure, a minimum of three research projects with milestone plans, resource core(s) that support the basic research efforts of at least two proposed research projects, a data coordination core that will facilitate the distribution of data generated through the Center without Walls with the broad research community and a human biology validation core that will support the validation of mechanisms identified and resources developed under this FOA. Synergy must be evident among Center research projects and cores, such that successful completion of the aims could not be accomplished without the Center structure. This FOA is in response to the Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) challenges outlined in the 2015 update to the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease.

The purpose of this FOA is to support innovative interdisciplinary, multi-institute research that will lead to the identification and validation of molecular mechanisms relevant to human biology that contribute to tau toxicity associated with Frontotemporal Degeneration (FTD). It is anticipated that this research will also contribute to tool development that can be applied to target validation in FTD clinical trials.Applications must include an administrative core, a scientific governance structure, a minimum of three research projects with milestone plans, resource core(s) that support the basic research efforts of at least two proposed research projects, a data coordination core that will facilitate the distribution of data generated through the Center without Walls with the broad research community and a human biology validation core that will support the validation of mechanisms identified and resources developed under this FOA. Synergy must be evident among Center research projects and cores, such that successful completion of the aims could not be accomplished without the Center structure. This FOA is in response to the Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) challenges outlined in the 2015 update to the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease.

Significant advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular biology of multiple myeloma have identified numerous molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Immunotherapeutic approaches (e.g., Daratumumab and Elotuzumab) have established themselves in the armamentarium for multiple myeloma, and ongoing adoptive cell therapy trials provide encouraging signs of clinical activity. As immune-based therapeutic agents continue to advance their way through the clinic, there is a critical need for increased understanding of the role that the immune system plays in myeloma disease biology, disease progression, and therapeutic response and resistance. The knowledge developed through this RFP will be critical to fully developing precision immunotherapy for the treatment of myeloma.