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arytman716

Meningitis Facts | Saint Mary's College - 0 views

www.stmarys-ca.edu/meningitis-facts

HSA meningitis facts

shared by arytman716 on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Meningitis Facts
  • College freshman who live in residence halls are at higher risk for meningococcal disease compared to other people of the same age.
  • The risk for the disease among non-freshman college students is similar to that for the general population of similar age (18-24 years). 
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • Know Your Risks, Learn About Vaccination
  • Mindful of this potential threat, a U.S. health advisory panel recommends that college students, particularly freshmen living in residence halls, learn more about meningitis and receive a vaccine that will reduce their risk of meningitis. 
  • Non-freshman college students who want to reduce their risk of infection should consider the vaccine also
  • What is meningococcal meningitis?
  • Meningitis is rare. 
  • But when it strikes, this potentially fatal bacterial disease can lead to swelling of fluid surrounding the brain and spinal column as well as severe and permanent disabilities, such as hearing loss, brain damage, seizures, limb amputation and even death.
  • Meningococcal meningitis is spread through the air via respiratory secretions or close contact with an infected person. 
  • How is it spread?
  •   This can include coughing, sneezing, kissing or sharing items like utensils, cigarettes and drinking glasses.
  • What are the symptoms?
  • Symptoms of meningococcal meningitis often resemble the flu and can include high fever, severe headache, stiff neck, rash, nausea, vomiting, lethargy and confusion.
  • Who is at risk?
  • Certain college students, particularly freshmen or transfer students who live in residence halls, have been found to have an increased risk for meningococcal meningitis. 
  • Other undergraduates living in College resident halls, who have not been recently vaccinated, should also consider vaccination to reduce their risk for the disease.
  • Can meningitis be prevented?
  • As with any vaccine, vaccination against meningitis may not protect 100 percent of all susceptible individuals.
  • The vaccine may be available from health care providers or county health departments.
  • For more information To learn more about meningitis and the vaccine, visit the Student Health and Wellness Center, ground floor Augustine Hall or call us at 631-4254. You can also get information at the CDC website
msmith365

CDC Telebriefing: Status of Serogroup B Meningitis Cases in the United States | CDC New... - 1 views

www.cdc.gov/...25-serogroup-b-meningitis.html

cdc status cases united states meningitis HSA Challenge1

shared by msmith365 on 17 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • So, I’m going to give a basic overview of meningococcal disease, and provide you with some facts which can help families and providers understand and be aware of potential of meningococcal disease of students traveling home for the holidays.  Meningococcal disease can be devastating and can strike otherwise healthy individuals.  Every case of meningococcal disease really causes increased concern.  But outbreaks cause an especially high amount of anxiety.
  • Princeton and UC Santa Barbara
  • serogroup B meningococcal disease
  • ...33 more annotations...
  • Meningococcal disease is caused by the bacteria neisseria meningitidis
  • ent.  Our universities—many universities have very high coverage with the licensed and recommended vaccine that protects against serogroup C and Y. So we started to see fewer cases of serogroup C and Y meningococcal disease and more cases of serogroup B disease.
  • Reports of this disease is more common in the winter months.  Typically almost all cases of meningococcal disease are sporadic.  Very few cases occur as part of our -- as part of an outbreak in terms of the total number of cases we see in the United States.  But we do see a couple of meningococcal disease outbreaks typically every year.
  • Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, which is known as the meninges. 
  • Septicemia is an infection of the blood stream, and septicemia causes bleeding in the skin and organs and is often when we see complications from meningococcal disease that are not neurologic, it's frequently caused by septicemia.
  • bout 15 percent of survivors have long term disabilities such as loss of limbs, deafness, nervous system problems, or brain damage.  Early recognition and early treatment of meningococcal disease is key to reduce the long-term sequelae. 
  • ten difficult to diagnose meningococcal disease because often the first signs and symptoms are similar to the flu
  • even with antibiotic treatment, people die in about 10 to 15 percent of cases of meningococcal disea
  • Vaccination is the best way to prevent meningococcal disease when it's a vaccine preventable strain.  Hand washing and covering your coughs or sneezes is also a good practice to follow.  It's critical everybody be aware of the signs and symptoms of meningococcal disease and to seek treatment immediately. 
  • igns and symptoms of meningococcal disease include rapid onset of high fever, headache, and stiff neck.  And when we say headache, we mean it's among the worst headaches that somebody's had in their life.  And with the stiff neck, they really can't move their neck, or they can't, for example, touch their chin to their neck.  Towards their chest, excuse me.  Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, increased sensitivity to light, confusion, exhaustion, and sometimes a rash.
  • eningococcal bacteria are harder to spread than viruses
  • don't live long outside the body. 
  • pread through the exchange of respiratory secretions. 
  • oommates who spend a lot of time together, are potential close contacts of a case of meningococcal disease.
  • about 10 percent of people, not just in outbreaks, but all over in the United States, carry these bacteria in the back of their nose or throat and don't ever develop symptoms.  This is known as carriage or being a carrier.
  • nce a person becomes a carrier, most people develop immunity and the bacteria disappear from their nose and throat and then they're no longer a carrier.  But rarely, the bacteria invades the blood stream and this is what happens when a person develops the disease.
  • most cases of meningococcal disease appear to be random and aren't directly linked to each other.  Even in the case of an outbreak—the cases are not occurring among close contact with each other, it's happening in an organization or community. 
  • he most common one circulating in the United States are serogroups B, C and Y. 
  • e don't have a vaccine in the U.S. licensed to protect against serogroup B, which is the cause of the cases at Princeton University and UC Santa Barbara. 
  • Cases are reported quickly, meningococcal disease is highly recognized, and reported to health departments. 
  • CDC defines an outbreak of meningococcal disease of three or more cases in three months that can't be connected to each other.
  • these outbreaks occur in a certain population, like school or organizations.  Most outbreaks of this disease are self-limited and no more than three or four cases occur.  However, when cases continue to occur over several-month period, like what is happening at Princeton University, intervention is required to reduce the length of the outbreak. 
  • equesting use of vaccine for additional outbreaks when needed.
  • Partners are working hard to organize potential serogroup B vaccine campaigns at Princeton University as quickly as possible. 
  • o there's all sorts of quality things that are happening to make sure that the vaccine arrives and can be used safely and effectively.
  • Therefore, we are sending out a health alert to providers and state and local health departments, which will hopefully increase awareness for providers to consider meningococcal disease in their differential diagnosis, if a student presents with symptoms from one of these two universities. 
  • Serogroup is definitely a scientific word to describe the type of capsule around the meningococcal.  You can use the word strain when we describe different serogroups.  The word strain would be the b strain or c strain.  When we're talking about whether or not strains are linked to each other, there we do additional molecular testing which looks at more than the capsule to see if the strains are the same.  For example, we know that the strains that have caused all of the cases in -- at Princeton are identical.  That's what helps us understand if an outbreak is being caused by one strain.  And that doesn't necessarily mean you could have the same serogroup, but the strains could look a little different. 
  • f anything, it's just sorting reminding people to use good normal hygiene practices, such as washing your hands and coughing and sneezing into your arm.  And sort of having increased awareness for good hygiene practices. 
  • ases really do occur in this university setting where there's probably a very specific pattern of transmission among college students.  So we really don't have evidence to suggest that kids going home for Thanksgiving will be spreading the strain into those communities. 
  • here have been seven confirmed serogroup B cases at Princeton University, and one additional case in which additional testing is being conducted right now.  And there are three cases at UC Santa Barbara. 
  • But more people are carriers than there are actually cases.  I see what your question is, why are we not then worried about it spreading into the community.  We don't have a good -- we don't have a great understanding of the organism and how it spreads.  But what we do understand is that outbreaks really haven’t spread from universities into communities in the past.  There have been community outbreaks of meningococcal disease.  But we haven't seen cases occurring in universities expanding into those communities. 
  • So in most of our outbreaks, we see about three or four cases occur in a couple of month period of time and then we don't see additional cases.  Depending on the size of the college or organization in which the outbreak is occurring, those attack rates usually range anywhere from 10 to 20 per 100,000.  So one to two cases per 1,000 people at the university. 
  • Health officials follow up with a patient to see if they've come into close contact and then they recommend preventive antibiotics to close contacts.
  • msmith365 on 17 Sep 15
     
    A recorded debriefing on recent trends of Meningitis by CDC officials
bgibson167

Meningitis and Septicaemia | Health | Patient.co.uk - 0 views

www.patient.co.uk/...meningitis-leaflet

shared by bgibson167 on 07 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Bacterial meningitis and associated septicaemia have become less common in a period of 25 years
  • However, there are still nearly 10 cases every day.
  • to 3,200 people every year.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • caused by a bacterium called Neisseria meningitidis
  • Other germs such as fungi and tuberculosis (TB) are rare causes of meningitis.
  • Viral meningitis is more common than bacterial meningitis but exact figures are not known. It is a complication of various viral illnesses.
  • Viral meningitis is usually less serious than a bacterial cause.
  • children under the age of 5 years and teenagers are the most at risk from meningococcal meningitis.
  • Meningitis is inflammation of the tissues around the brain. It is a serious condition, caused by various germs - bacteria, viruses and fungi. The infection that causes meningitis often causes a blood infection as well (this is known as septicaemia). If you suspect meningitis - obtain medical help immediately.
  • kogburn084 on 07 Sep 14
     
    Meningitis 
bgibson167

Is Meningitis contagious? How can I prevent meningitis infection? - 2 views

www.webmd.boots.com/...meningitis-is-it-contagious

shared by bgibson167 on 10 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Is meningitis contagious?Meningitis is contagious. Prolonged close contact can spread the bacteria that cause meningitis. The bacteria can be spread through kissing, coughs and sneezes, shared cutlery, or sharing items like toothbrushes or cigarettes. Most over 25s will have some natural immunity to the meningococcal strain of bacteria that causes some types of meningitis. Outbreaks can occur where many young people live close to each other. These include universities, student housing, boarding schools and military bases.How can I prevent meningitis infection?Protection against meningitis C is part of routine childhood vaccinations, with a booster dose for teenagers. There is also a vaccine now for meningitis B, and plans are being made for this to be included in the childhood vaccination programme. People planning trip to parts of the world where meningitis is very common should seek medical advice about getting a travel jab for meningitis. Crowded conditions at religious gatherings such as the Hajj also put people at an increased risk of contracting meningitis.In addition to vaccinations, you should follow some common sense precautions to help prevent meningitis.Be careful around people who have meningitis. It is possible to catch some types of meningitis through contact with bodily fluids, so it might be spread by kissing, sneezing, coughing, or sharing utensils or toothbrushes. If somebody in your family has it, try to limit his or her contact with other family members.Wash your hands after contact with someone who has meningitis.If you come into close contact with someone with meningitis, seek medical advice. Depending on the extent of your exposure and the type of meningitis, you may be advised by your doctor to take an antibiotic as a precaution.
denaehooks391

Meningococcal Meningitis - TN.Gov - 0 views

www.tennessee.gov/...meningitis

meningitis prevention MeningitisGoogleGroup bacterial symptoms English EnglishII infection tennessee diseases adults gov

shared by denaehooks391 on 02 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Meningitis is a term that describes inflammation of the tissues and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord
  • caused by bacteria or viruses.
  • s a type of bacterial meningitis caused by a type of bacteria called Neisseria meningitidis.
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • acteria can also cause other kinds of meningococcal disease such as septicemia (blood poisoning).
  • common type of bacterial meningitis is pneumococcal meningitis, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • eading cause of bacterial meningitis was Haemophilus influenzae type b, but new vaccines being given to children as part of their routine immunizations have reduced the occurrence of this disease.
  • not fully understood why a few people develop meningitis from bacteria which are harmless to most people, but it may be because of a weakened immune system.
  • Symptoms include fever, sudden severe headache, stiff neck, rash, nausea, and vomiting
  • wo or more symptoms of these symptoms, seek help from a health care provider right away.
  • will carry this bacteria in the back of their nose and throat at some point in their lives without ever getting sick or even realizing they are there.
  • the bacteria overcome the body’s immune system and pass through the lining of the nose and throat into the blood stream where they can cause meningitis.
  • Viral meningitis, which is caused by viruses, can cause similar symptoms to bacterial meningitis, however it is seldom life-threatening. Most people make a full recovery without any specific treatment.
  • people who have had close contact with an infected person are given antibiotics to make sure they are protected.
  • mall percentage of people who are exposed to the bacteria will develop meningitis because most people have a natural resistance to it.
  • pread through exchange of respiratory droplets or saliva with an infected person, including kissing, coughing , sneezing, and sharing drinking glasses, eating utensils, or cigarettes.
  • he bacteria that cause meningitis are not spread by casual contact or by simply breathing the air where a person with meningitis has been.
  • very weak and can only survive for a short time outside the body
  • cannot live long in the air and are not carried on clothes, furniture, or other surfaces.
  • Meningococcal meningitis can be extremely serious.
  • esult in blindness, hearing loss, mental retardation, loss of limbs or death.
  • t is fatal in one in ten cases, and one in seven survivors is left with a severe hand
  • icap. The disease can progress quite rapidly, so it is important to seek medical attention quickly.
  • t would occur in two to seven days, usually less than four days.
  • an be contagious from the time they are infected until the bacteria has disappeared from their body.
  • meningococcal disease (which includes meningococcal meningitis) occurs annually in about 1 to 3 people per 100,000 population.
  • averaged about 70 cases per year for the past few years.
  • There is a vaccine that will decrease the risk of some types of meningococcal meningitis, but it does not totally eliminate risk of the disease.
  • ot effective against the B strain; although it is highly effective against the C and Y strains, it still does not confer 100% protection.  Protection lasts from three to five years.
msmith365

Fact Sheets - TN.Gov - 0 views

tn.gov/fact-sheets

tennessee department health publications gov fact sheets

shared by msmith365 on 03 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
  • Flu (Influenza)
  • msmith365 on 03 Sep 15
     
    Meningitis
marandahalstead

PUBLIC HEALTH FACT SHEET.pdf - 1 views

diigo.com/0803o8

shared by marandahalstead on 28 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • A sample of spinal fluid, usually collected by a spinal tap, is needed to find out if someone has meningitis
  • an infection of the tissue (called the “meninges”) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
  • 5-15% of people have these bacteria in their throats or noses without getting sick.
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • Neisseria meningitidis are bacteria that can cause illness in people of any age.
  • during kissing, sharing of food, drinks or cigarettes, and by close contact with infected people who are sneezing or coughing.
  • There are vaccines, which can be used to help prevent this kind of meningitis.
  • s a vaccine called “Hib vaccine” that prevents infants and young children from getting Hib disease
  • adults are resistant
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae are bacteria that cause lung and ear infections but can also cause “pneumococcal” meningitis
  • found in the throa
  • , people with chronic medical problems or with weakened immune systems, and those who are very young or very old, are at higher risk for getting pneumococcal meningitis.
  • person-to-person through contact with infected saliva.
  • Viral meningitis, also called aseptic meningitis, is much more common than bacterial meningitis.
  • do not wash their hands after using the toilet or changing a diaper or soiled sheets, then touch their own mouths, prepare food for others, or touch others
  • throat and feces
  • face-to-face contact
  • enteroviruses don’t cause people to feel very sick
  • crankiness or tiredness and poor feeding.
  • Fever, severe and constant headache, stiff neck or neck pain, nausea and vomiting, and rash can all be signs of meningitis
  • confusion, sleepiness, and trouble waking up
  • saliva (spit) or feces (stool)
  • treptococcus pneumoniae is not spread from person-to-person
  • Frequent handwashing with soap
  • Not sharing food, drinks, or eating utensils
  • Your health care provider
ccsizmadia306

Meningitis: Types, Treatment, & Prevention - 0 views

www.healthline.com/...meningitis

shared by ccsizmadia306 on 07 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Vaccinations can also protect against certain types of meningitis. Vaccines that can prevent meningitis include:
  • HiB vaccine (Haemophilus vaccine) Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Meningococcal vaccine
  • Preventive antibiotics are given to close contacts of people with meningococcal infection.
bwilliams181

Staphylococcal Meningitis: Risk Factors, Causes & Diagnosis - 1 views

www.healthline.com/...meningitis-staphylococcal

prevention EnglishII deflitch HSA Challenge1 meningitis MeningitisGoogleGroup

shared by bwilliams181 on 10 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Staphylococcal meningitis (SM) is a bacterial infection affecting the meninges—the protective covering around the spinal cord and brain
  • rare and can be deadly.
  • either community- or hospital-acquired.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • it is usually a complication of a surgical procedure.
  • Early symptoms of SM are vague and may not be taken seriously because they resemble a cold or flu.
  • They grow more serious as the infection worsens.
  • Treatment is difficult because the condition is so rare.
  • Many patients are given the wrong antibiotics upon hospital arrival. Even with correct antibiotics, the risk of death is very high. Those with underlying chronic conditions have a higher risk of mortality.
kanderson956

9 Foods to Help You Sleep | Eating Well - 0 views

www.eatingwell.com/...9_foods_to_help_you_sleep

meningitis immunesystem

shared by kanderson956 on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Yet the health benefits of a good night’s rest are countless: sleep helps keep you happy, your brain sharp, your immune system strong, your waistline trim, your skin looking youthful—and lowers your risk of high blood pressure and heart disease.
  • kanderson956 on 15 Sep 14
     
    immune system
arytman716

Viral Meningitis Facts and Information - Disabled World - 1 views

www.disabled-world.com/...viral-meningitis.php

HSA meningitis facts Challenge1

shared by arytman716 on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Meningitis involves an inflammation of the membranes or, "meninges," that cover a person's spinal cord and brain.
  • Detail:
  • Meningitis caused by a viral infection is sometimes referred to as, 'aseptic meningitis,' and is serious, although rarely fatal in people with average immune systems.
  • ...36 more annotations...
  • Additional and more rare causes of meningitis include parasites, fungi, and causes that are non-infectious such as ones related to drugs.
  • The, 'lymphocytic choriomeningitis,' virus, a virus spread by rodents, is also a cause of viral meningitis, although it is rare.
  • Causes and Symptoms of Viral Meningitis
  • While different viral infections can lead to viral meningitis, the majority of people who get viral meningitis in America, especially during the summer or fall, get it because of the, 'enteroviruses.'
  • dditional viral infections that may lead to meningitis include herpesvirus, mumps, influenza, measles, and the varicella-zoster virus, which is the cause of both shingles and chickenpox.
  • Symptoms in Infants:
  • he majority of people with viral meningitis recover on their own within a couple of weeks. Antibiotics do not help with viral infections and are not useful in treating viral meningitis.
  • Fever Irritability Poor eating Hard to wake up
  • Symptoms in Older Children/Adults
  • Nausea Stiff neck Vomiting High fever Sleepiness Lack of appetite Severe headache Trouble waking up Sensitivity to bright light
  • Diagnosing Viral Meningitis
  • A diagnosis of viral meningitis is usually achieved through laboratory tests of a person's spinal fluid, gained through a, 'spinal tap.'
  • Finding the exact cause of viral meningitis can sometimes be achieved through tests that show which virus a person is infected with, although identifying the exact virus causing meningitis can be difficult.
  • Due to the fact that the symptoms of viral meningitis are similar to the ones of bacterial meningitis which is often more severe and has the potential to be fatal, it is important for people who are suspected of having meningitis to pursue medical care, and have their spinal fluid tested.
  • Bacterial meningitis is another story – it can be extremely serious and may result in either disability or death if it is not treated quickly.
  • The Spread of Viral Meningitis
  • he different viruses that cause viral meningitis are spread in different ways. Enteroviruses, for example, are the most common cause of viral meningitis and are most often spread through direct contact with the stool of a person who is infected.
  • he mumps, varicella-zoster, and enteroviruses can also spread through either direct or indirect contact with respiratory secretions such as sputum, saliva, or nasal mucus from a person who has been infected
  • The viruses may also remain on surfaces for days, transferring from other objects, or spread directly when a person who is infected coughs or sneezes, sending droplets containing the virus into the air another person breathes.
  • The period of time involved from when a person first becomes infected until they develop symptoms is referred to as the, 'incubation period.' The incubation period for enteroviruses is between 3 and 7 days.
  • A person who is infected is commonly contagious from the time they first develop symptoms until they no longer experience symptoms. People with low immune systems and children might spread the infection even after their symptoms have disappeared.
  • Preventing Viral Meningitis
  • Following good hygiene practices can help you to reduce the spread of viruses like measles, mumps, herpesviruses, and enteroviruses
  • Preventing the various viral infections that are out there from infecting you involves some specific measures.
  • Preventing the spread of these viruses can be hard because people who have become infected may not seem to be sick and have the ability to spread them to other people
  • Following these good hygiene practices will help to reduce your chances of becoming infected with a virus, or giving one so someone else:
  • Clean Surfaces that are Contaminated:
  • Clean doorknobs, handles, the TV remote control – clean them with soap and water and then disinfect them with a bleach-based cleaning product or a solution of ¼ cup of bleach to 1 gallon of water.
  • Viruses that cause viral meningitis can spread through either direct or indirect contact with respiratory secretions; it is important to cover your cough with a tissue or at least your upper arm. Once you have used a tissue, throw it away. Wash Your Hands!
  • Cover Your Cough:
  • Avoid sharing eating utensils, drinking glasses, or other items with people who are sick or others if you are sick. Avoid bites from insects and mosquitoes that have the potential to carry diseases that can infect you - it can help to reduce your risk for viral meningitis.
  • Things To Avoid:
  • Vaccinations:
  • There are vaccinations that can help to protect children against some of the diseases that may lead to viral meningitis, such as the measles and mumps vaccine (MMR), and the chickenpox vaccine.
  • Wash Your Hands:
  • Wash your hands thoroughly, and wash them often. It is particularly important to wash your hands after using the toilet, changing a diaper, blowing your nose, or coughing.
arytman716

KNOW THE FACTS ABOUT MENINGITIS | Student Health Services - 1 views

studenthealth.georgetown.edu/...1242743210038.html

HSA meningitis facts

shared by arytman716 on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • KNOW THE FACTS ABOUT MENINGITIS
  • Recently several reports have appeared in the new media regarding a meningitis outbreak on a college campus.  Although no recent cases or outbreaks have been reported at Georgetown University, it is a good idea to know the signs and symptoms of possible meningitis, and when to seek medical care.
  • Signs and symptoms include:
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Sudden onset of fever, headache and stiff neck Nausea and/or vomiting Increased sensitivity to light, and/or mental confusion
  • Later symptoms of meningitis can be very severe.  Anyone who thinks they may have meningitis should seek medical care as soon as possible.
  • Vaccination against bacterial meningitis is a requirement of Georgetown University.  If it has been more than five years since you’ve been vaccinated, talk to your doctor about whether you should get a booster shot.  For more information about the “types” of meningitis and how they are diagnosed and treated, see the CDC website.
kjohnson535

How Can I Avoid Getting Meningitis? - 1 views

www.healthline.com/...avoidance

shared by kjohnson535 on 10 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • kjohnson535 on 10 Sep 14
     
    Kelsey Meningitis
kanderson956

Kirkwood Community College - Campus Health - 0 views

www.kirkwood.edu/...index.php

meningitis prevention deathrates

shared by kanderson956 on 17 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • It is estimated that 100 to 125 cases of meningococcal disease occur annually on college campuses and 5 to 15 students die as a result.
  • kanderson956 on 17 Sep 14
     
    Death Rates
makaylarb

Meningitis Symptoms | Everyday Health - 0 views

www.everydayhealth.com/...symptoms

shared by makaylarb on 03 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Nausea and vomiting Photophobia, or sensitivity to bright lights Altered mental status, such as confusion and difficulty concentrating
  • eadache, fever, stiff neck, nausea, and vomiting
  • sleeping problems,
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • develop between three and seven days,
  • seizures, coma
  • an even result in death
  • Brain damage Hearing or vision loss Learning disabilities and behavioral problems Coordination and balance problems Epilepsy
  • ethargy (lack of energy), decreased appetite,
  • irst seven days of becoming infected with the parasite
  • Confusion Lack of attention to people and surroundings Loss of balance Seizures Hallucinations
  • PAM usually results in death about five days after symptoms start
  • Fever Dazed, or lacking alertness Irritability and constant crying Frequent vomiting Poor feeding Soft spot on the head (bulging fontanelle) Abnormal reflexes Rapid breathing Lethargy Constant sleepiness or trouble waking
  • Blood tests, imaging tests, and lumbar punctures are all used to diagnose meningitis.
  • X-ray images
kayanking

Meningitis - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis - Infection - C-Health - 0 views

chealth.canoe.com/nel_condition_info_details.asp

shared by kayanking on 03 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Meningitis means "inflammation of the meninges."
  • meninges
  • are membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
  • ...53 more annotations...
  • They can become inflamed when an infection occurs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounding these membranes. Other things such as medications, tumours, and chemical exposure can also cause meningitis.
  • majority of people with meningitis that is not caused by bacteria (e.g., meningitis caused by a virus) recover quickly and completely
  • bacterial meningitis is fatal for 1 in 10 people
  • even with treatment
  • 1 in 5 people will be left with problems such as deafness or brain injury
  • Quick diagnosis and treatment are vital
  • The most common causes of meningitis are bacteria or viruses, although there are many other causes.
  • fungi
  • over half the population carries one or another of these bacteria in the back of the nose and throat
  • exotic
  • such as parasites
  • tropical countries.
  • Meningitis commonly occurs when bacteria or viruses make their way into the fluid surrounding the brain.
  • Sometimes they enter directly as a result of an operation such as brain surgery. Sometimes they erode through the small bones in our skull, for instance in extreme cases of severe sinusitis. Sometimes they are carried there by our blood from an infection occurring elsewhere in our body such as pneumonia (a lung infection). But in most cases, we don't really understand how and why this happens.
  • Cryptococcus, a fungus, can also cause meningitis. It usually occurs in people with weakened immune systems, such as people with AIDS
  • Tuberculosis (TB) can cause meningitis
  • Certain medications and chemical irritants can cause in inflammation of the brain similar to meningitis. There have also been rare reports of vaccines causing meningitis. Viral or chemically-induced meningitis often goes away on its own.
  • Bacterial meningitis, on the other hand, is a very serious illness.
  • people with poor immune systems
  • can't live outside the human body for very long.
  • enter the cerebrospinal fluid and begin multiplying, the bacteria cause inflammation and other symptoms of meningitis.
  • not eating
  • There are many species of bacteria that can cause meningitis.
  • Children under the age of 2 are most susceptible to meningitis. Other things that increase the risk are:
  • brain or spinal cord surgery
  • head injury
  • impaired or abnormal immune system
  • kidney failure
  • the use of corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone)
  • cancer, especially breast, lung, skin, leukemia, and lymphoma. When cancer is the cause of the meningitis it is called carcinomatous meningitis or leptomeningeal metastatis.
  • People with bacterial meningitis quickly become very sick, usually within hours, and shouldn't wait to get medical treatment.
  • Symptoms of meningitis can include:
  • high fever over 39°C (102°F)
  • stiff and sore neck, especially when it's moved, turned, or bent (the discomfort is caused by inflammation of the meninges) – this may not occur in people whose immune systems are not functioning properly, such as:
  • people taking corticosteroids
  • people with AIDS
  • people taking cancer or transplant medications
  • seniors
  • children less than 24 months of age and especially those less than 6 months of age.
  • severe headache due to extra pressure in the head – look for signs of fussiness and irritability in children too young to complain of a headache
  • If blood vessels in the brain become inflamed, the brain won't get enough oxygen. This can make a person drowsy and less responsive, and, in extreme situations, they can fall into a coma. Lack of oxygen to the brain can also cause seizures.
  • Symptoms for very young children can include:
  • fever, with cold hands and feet
  • vomiting
  • commonly transmitted by coughing, sneezing, and kissing
  • difficulty waking up
  • high-pitched moaning or crying
  • arching their backs and pulling at their necks
  • not settling down or taking comfort when held
  • having a vacant expression
  • showing a pale, mottled complexion
  • rash (red or purple pinpricks)
  • Long-term complications can occur and last long after the infection has been treated. These include deafness, mental impairment, paralysis, and sometimes seizures that require lifelong treatment.
jadaweber

Meningitis Foundation of America - 0 views

www.musa.org/prevention

meningitis HSA Challenge1 prevention summary health foundation

shared by jadaweber on 03 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • bacterial meningitis there are vaccinations against certain strains. Vaccinations are available
  • Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
  • take antibiotics to reduce the risk of contracting the disease.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • no current vaccine available to prevent anyone from developing viral meningitis.
  • enteroviruses aren't symptomatic, so it's tough to prevent the spread of viral meningitis
  • not a specific course of action to take to avoid fungal meningitis
  • immune systems such as those with HIV are more at risk for contracting fungal meningiti
  • no vaccination or preventable activity against parasitic meningitis. I
  • jadaweber on 03 Sep 15
     
    About Meningitis.
maireewelch329

Meningitis: Types, Treatment, & Prevention - 0 views

www.healthline.com/...meningitis

meningitis information

shared by maireewelch329 on 03 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • usually diagnosed with a lumbar puncture.
david_good14

How Can I Avoid Getting Meningitis? - 0 views

www.healthline.com/...avoidance

Meningitis preventions

shared by david_good14 on 04 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Vaccination works by “teaching” the adaptive immune system to recognize certain proteins on the bacteria that cause meningococcal meningitis. The immune system then targets the bacteria for neutralization.
  • Vaccination works by “teaching” the adaptive immune system to recognize certain proteins on the bacteria that cause meningococcal meningitis. The immune system then targets the bacteria for neutralization.
  • Vaccination works by “teaching” the adaptive immune system to recognize certain proteins on the bacteria that cause meningococcal meningitis. The immune system then targets the bacteria for neutralization.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Vaccination works by “teaching” the adaptive immune system to recognize certain proteins on the bacteria that cause meningococcal meningitis. The immune system then targets the bacteria for neutralization.
  • People should seek vaccination before traveling to certain countries or regions of the world where meningococcal meningitis is common. The disease frequently causes outbreaks of illness in sub-Saharan Africa, for instance. Anyone traveling to this region should be vaccinated.
  • david_good14 on 04 Sep 15
     
    Meningitis preventions
evuvuu

Meningitis: Types, Treatment, & Prevention - 0 views

www.healthline.com/...meningitis

symptoms causes bacterial treatment HSA meningitis

shared by evuvuu on 10 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges.
  • may occur when fluid surrounding the meninges becomes infected.
  • membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • Description Types Symptoms Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Complications Prevention Read This Next Part 1 of 8: DescriptionWhat Is Meningitis?
  • Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges.
  • membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
  • Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges.
  • the membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
  • may occur when fluid surrounding the meninges becomes infected.
  • s contagious.
  • most common causes of meningitis are viral and bacterial infections.
  • most common causes of meningitis are viral and bacterial infections.
  • is contagious.
  • can be transmitted by coughing, sneezing, or close contact. Other causes include: cancer chemical irritation fungi drug allergies Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency.
  • can be transmitted by coughing, sneezing, or close contact. Other causes include: cancer chemical irritation fungi drug allergies
  • can be fatal
  • Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency. It can be fatal.
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