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The Boost Python Library is a framework for interfacing Python and C++. It allows you to quickly and seamlessly expose C++ classes functions and objects to Python, and vice-versa, using no special tools -- just your C++ compiler. It is designed to wrap C++ interfaces non-intrusively, so that you should not have to change the C++ code at all in order to wrap it, making Boost.Python ideal for exposing 3rd-party libraries to Python. The library's use of advanced metaprogramming techniques simplifies its syntax for users, so that wrapping code takes on the look of a kind of declarative interface definition language (IDL).

Stackless Python, or Stackless, is a Python programming language interpreter, so named because it avoids depending on the C call stack for its own stack. The most prominent feature of Stackless is microthreads, which avoid much of the overhead associated with usual operating system threads. In addition to Python features, Stackless also adds support for coroutines, communication channels and task serialization.

Unicode and new style string formatting Python 2.6 and Python 3 gain a new style of string formatting, which is apparently based on the string formatting in C#. I wasn't a big fan of the string formatting in C# and so wasn't very excited about it moving into Python, but as is to be expected it has grown a bit on me.

As always, the best solution is to not mix Unicode and byte-strings but to keep all strings in Unicode and only perform the encode when actually needed.

So why does this behaviour matter? Well it particularly matters for framework authors formatting messages based on 'user' input. This is the case with unittest, which creates error messages when tests fail. The error messages internally in unittest are byte-strings and they are often mixed with user supplied messages using string formatting. We use old-style (% based) formatting, so if the user supplies byte-strings then the resulting messages will be byte-strings. If the user supplies Unicode strings then the resulting messages will be in Unicode. Because all the internal unittest messages are ascii only we can guarantee than an implicit decode to Unicode will succeed - so the user can choose the output type by varying the type of the messages they provide.

From PyQt4.6, PyQt has two APIs, API#1 (the original), and API#2 (new). API#2 is more Pythonic and eliminates QString and QVariant, and is a bit nicer to use. API#1 remains best for those using PyQt to prototype C++/Qt applications. API#1 is the default for PyQt4.x with Python 2.x, and for PyQt4.0-4.5 with Python 3.x. API#2 is the default for PyQt4.6+ with Python 3.x, and for PySide.

most of the changes affect uses of QDataStream, QSettings, and QTextStream, and of course any use of QString methods (since in API#2, QString is gone, so we use str).

To convert any particular example to PySide the steps are as follows: Replace python3 in the first line with python. Add the following statements before the first import: from __future__ import division from __future__ import print_function from future_builtins import * Replace PyQt4 with PySide throughout (e.g., in the imports) If using Python 2.6 replace {} in format strings with {0}, {1}, etc., as appropriate. Add [0] at the end of every QFileDialog.*() function call. (In PyQt these return a—possibly empty—filename; in PySide they return a filename–filter 2-tuple, but all the examples only need the filename.) Replace QT_VERSION_STR with qVersion(). Replace PYQT_VERSION_STR with PySide.__version__; you will also need to add import PySide in the imports after the future imports. Replace @pyqtSignature with @Slot. Replace def isAlive(qobj): ... with def isAlive(qobj): return True. (There is currently no PySide equivalent.) Replace chr with unichr.

gevent is a coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet to provide a high-level synchronous API on top of the libev event loop. Features include: Fast event loop based on libev (epoll on Linux, kqueue on FreeBSD). Lightweight execution units based on greenlet. API that re-uses concepts from the Python standard library (for example there are Events and Queues). Cooperative sockets with SSL support » DNS queries performed through threadpool or c-ares. Monkey patching utility to get 3rd party modules to become cooperative »

The Python Computer Graphics Kit is an Open Source software package containing a collection of Python modules, plugins and utilities that are meant to be useful for any domain where you have to deal with 3D data of any kind, be it for visualization, creating photorealistic images, Virtual Reality or even games.

Provides access to specialized input hardware such as SpaceMouse/SpaceBall, data glove or tablet via wrappers around the 3DxWare SDK by 3Dconnexion, the Wintab Developer Kit by LCS/Telegraphics and the Data Glove SDK by Fifth Dimension Technologies.

This article is about a Python library I created to manage binary search trees. I will go over the following: Node class Insert method Lookup method Delete method Print method Comparing 2 trees Generator returning the tree elements one by one

https://laurentluce@github.com/laurentluce/python-algorithms.git

binary search tree

Skencil is a Free Software interactive vector drawing appliction. Known to run on GNU/Linux and other UNIX-compatible systems, it is a flexible and powerful tool for illustrations, diagrams and other purposes. A somewhat unique (for a drawing program) feature of Skencil is that it is implemented almost completely in a very high-level, interpreted language, Python. Python is powerful, object-oriented and yet easy to use. Just a few highlights about Skencil's features Bézier Curves Transformed text and images Bézier curves, rectangles and ellipses can be used as guides Gradient fills Blend groups Writes EPS files Text along a path many more...

Pygame only supports Python 2 and not Python 3. However, the programs in this book work with both Python 2 and 3.

There are two schools of thought when it comes to installing applications

each application is its own standalone "appliance", and installing and removing them should not disturb the rest of the OS. If the application needs an uncommon library, that library is included in the application's distribution

a collection of small self-contained units called packages

You don't write things like for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) in Python very often; instead you do things like for i in range(0, 10).

it would add opcodes to the language (implying a larger, and therefore slower, VM engine)

in the "C" world it is most effectively used (not most commonly) with pointers. There is a direct mapping to some instructions sets that support pre- or post-increment of address registers

idiomatic Python dictates that you (almost) never do type-checking, but instead rely on duck-typing for polymorphic behavior. There's nothing wrong with using isinstance to understand inheritance, but it should generally be avoided in "production" code

ActiveState research Python for .NET is a near-seamless integration of the CPython runtime with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR). IronPython is an implementation of Python for .net, which allows you to import .net class libraries seamlessly in Python.

common ways to use doctest: To check that a module’s docstrings are up-to-date by verifying that all interactive examples still work as documented. To perform regression testing by verifying that interactive examples from a test file or a test object work as expected. To write tutorial documentation for a package, liberally illustrated with input-output examples. Depending on whether the examples or the expository text are emphasized, this has the flavor of “literate testing” or “executable documentation”.

Running the module as a script causes the examples in the docstrings to get executed and verified

The file content is treated as if it were a single giant docstring; the file doesn’t need to contain a Python program! For example, perhaps example.txt contains this

This describes setting up a professional Python project with a real package structure, injection and tests.

Since you are intended to run .py files directly, Python projects should not have source (src) or binary (bin) folders

For the same reason, the test folder should not be separate.  It should be a package in the main project

Twisted is an event-driven network programming framework written in Python

Tornado is a scalable, non-blocking web server and web application framework written in Python.

PyX is a Python package for the creation of PostScript and PDF files. It combines an abstraction of the PostScript drawing model with a TeX/LaTeX interface. Complex tasks like 2d and 3d plots in publication-ready quality are built out of these primitives.

x << yReturns x with the bits shifted to the left by y places (and new bits on the right-hand-side are zeros). This is the same as multiplying x by 2**y.

x >> yReturns x with the bits shifted to the right by y places. This is the same as //'ing x by 2**y.

x & yDoes a "bitwise and". Each bit of the output is 1 if the corresponding bit of x AND of y is 1, otherwise it's 0.