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Benjamin Bandt-Horn

python - Difference between "if x" and "if x is not None" - Stack Overflow - 0 views

stackoverflow.com/...ween-if-x-and-if-x-is-not-none

python None

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 30 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 30 Dec 13
     
    In the following cases: test = False test = "" test = 0 test = 0.0 test = [] test = () test = {} test = set() the if test will differ: if test:#False if test is not None:#True
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

25.2. doctest - Test interactive Python examples - Python v2.7.6 documentation - 0 views

docs.python.org/...doctest.html

test interactive python examples documentation doctest

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 19 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • common ways to use doctest: To check that a module’s docstrings are up-to-date by verifying that all interactive examples still work as documented. To perform regression testing by verifying that interactive examples from a test file or a test object work as expected. To write tutorial documentation for a package, liberally illustrated with input-output examples. Depending on whether the examples or the expository text are emphasized, this has the flavor of “literate testing” or “executable documentation”.
  • Running the module as a script causes the examples in the docstrings to get executed and verified
  • The file content is treated as if it were a single giant docstring; the file doesn’t need to contain a Python program! For example, perhaps example.txt contains this
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • You can instruct the Python interpreter to run the doctest module directly from the standard library and pass the file name(s) on the command line:
  • if M.__test__ exists and “is true”, it must be a dict, and each entry maps a (string) name to a function object, class object, or string
  • Which Docstrings Are Examined?
  • Any expected output must immediately follow the final '>>> ' or '... ' line containing the code, and the expected output (if any) extends to the next '>>> ' or all-whitespace line.
  • Execution Context?
  • Directives
  • Whitespace is not allowed between the + or - and the directive option name. The directive option name can be any of the option flag names explained above
  • Unittest
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 19 Dec 13
     
    Freaking Amazing.
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

Ternary conditional operator in Python - Stack Overflow - 0 views

stackoverflow.com/...conditional-operator-in-python

ternary conditional operator python

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 15 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 15 Dec 13
     
    Yes, it was added in version 2.5. It's frowned upon by some pythonistas, so keep that in mind. The syntax is: a if test else b First test is evaluated, then either a or b is returned based on the Boolean value of test; if test evaluates to True a is returned, else b is returned. For example: >>> 'true' if True else 'false' 'true' >>> 'true' if False else 'false' 'false'
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

Python Package Structure with Unit Testing, Injection and Mocking - Dev Notes - 0 views

www.connorgarvey.com/blog

python package structure unittest injection

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 20 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • This describes setting up a professional Python project with a real package structure, injection and tests.
  • Since you are intended to run .py files directly, Python projects should not have source (src) or binary (bin) folders
  • For the same reason, the test folder should not be separate.  It should be a package in the main project
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Example
  • You should specify exactly one class per file.  It makes your code easier to find and read.
  • Injection is essential for unit tests
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 20 Dec 13
     
    This describes setting up a professional Python project with a real package structure, injection and tests.
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

Practical guidelines for beautiful Python code | TurnKey Linux Blog - 0 views

www.turnkeylinux.org/...beautiful-python-code

python programming guidelines

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 19 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • a well defined mental model of the problem domain
  • Refining the architecture is part of the "refactor mercilessly" rule
  • If you've never inherited from a built-in data type, experiment with a small test case in a throw away script. This way you don't mangle your current project and you can be as experimental as you like.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • constants are always class level attributes because they are shared by all instances
  • code is communication
  • If a method doesn't need access to instance level attributes then it should be a class method, not a regular method. If a method doesn't need access to class level attributes then it should be a static method, not a class method.
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

Unicode and new style string formatting ~ The Voidspace Techie Blog - 0 views

www.voidspace.org.uk/...arch_d7_2010_04_10.shtml

python print String Formatting unicode string

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 14 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • Unicode and new style string formatting Python 2.6 and Python 3 gain a new style of string formatting, which is apparently based on the string formatting in C#. I wasn't a big fan of the string formatting in C# and so wasn't very excited about it moving into Python, but as is to be expected it has grown a bit on me.
  • As always, the best solution is to not mix Unicode and byte-strings but to keep all strings in Unicode and only perform the encode when actually needed.
  • So why does this behaviour matter? Well it particularly matters for framework authors formatting messages based on 'user' input. This is the case with unittest, which creates error messages when tests fail. The error messages internally in unittest are byte-strings and they are often mixed with user supplied messages using string formatting. We use old-style (% based) formatting, so if the user supplies byte-strings then the resulting messages will be byte-strings. If the user supplies Unicode strings then the resulting messages will be in Unicode. Because all the internal unittest messages are ascii only we can guarantee than an implicit decode to Unicode will succeed - so the user can choose the output type by varying the type of the messages they provide.
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 14 Dec 13
     
     Python 2.6 and Python 3 gain a new style of string formatting, which is apparently based on the string formatting in C#. I wasn't a big fan of the string formatting in C# and so wasn't very excited about it moving into Python, but as is to be expected it has grown a bit on me.
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

Elegant ways to support equivalence ("equality") in Python classes - Stack Overflow - 0 views

stackoverflow.com/...nce-equality-in-python-classes

equality operator python override

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 29 Dec 13 - Cached
  • mixin class
  • Another issue with the __dict__ comparison is what if you have an attribute that you don't want to consider in your definition of equality (say for example a unique object id, or metadata like a time created stamp).
  • isinstance sucks
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • if type(other) is type(self):
  • Check types more strictly, like this:
  • is tests for object identity. This means a is b will be True in the case when a and b both hold the reference to the same object
  • __cmp__ was removed from python 3 so avoid it
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 29 Dec 13
     
    mixin class
Benjamin Bandt-Horn

jcalderone: How to override comparison operators in Python - 0 views

jcalderone.livejournal.com/32837.html

comparison operators python override

shared by Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 29 Dec 13 - No Cached
  • here are the basic rules for the customization of ==, !=, <, >, <=, and >=: For all six of the above operators, if __cmp__ is defined on the left-hand argument, it is called with the right-hand argument. A result of -1 indicates the LHS is less than the RHS. A result of 0 indicates they are equal. A result of 1 indicates the LHS is greater than the RHS
  • __eq__ is not used for !=
  • For <, __lt__ is used. For >, __gt__. For <= and >=, __le__ and __ge__ respectively
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • __eq__ does an isinstance test on its argument
  • Benjamin Bandt-Horn on 29 Dec 13
     
    here are the basic rules for the customization of ==, !=, , =: For all six of the above operators, if __cmp__ is defined on the left-hand argument, it is called with the right-hand argument. A result of -1 indicates the LHS is less than the RHS. A result of 0 indicates they are equal. A result of 1 indicates the LHS is greater than the RHS.
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