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This article poses the traditional dystopian view of the future of robots and their eventual dominance of humanity. According to the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence however, humans are a long time away from being controlled by robots. For now, there are worries that increase use of robots will wipe out jobs (i.e. cleaning, service jobs). This may just lead to an increase in competition for jobs that require more skills (skills that robots can't yet do), and a university degree. Perhaps there will be an increase in poverty rates as a result, or a revolution might begin. The possibilities are endless. For now, humans must be aware that robots are gaining ground in the search for intelligence. Control of such machines is an issue that humans will eventually have to face.

This article is about the social and ethical issue of people and machines. As technology advances, scientists are becoming more aware of the future consequences that can arise from creating advanced robots. They have realized that there is a risk of technology getting out of hand and become dangerous. As they become more advanced, robots can become a threat to society. Not only do they pose a security threat but they also threaten human employees. Robots are more accurate and can work 24/7 unlike humans. Jobs with robots still require human labor to operate them but in the future, robots might start taking over jobs.

This article brings up the issue of machines that possess Artificial Intelligence, possibly limiting the roles of humans in various area such as the work force. Often when the idea of robots and Artificial Intelligence is considered people think about the negative effects of smart machines. They worry about control and the interaction.

Scientists in Barcelona have constructed a technological device, enabling users to engage and "live" within a virtual reality; this digital world however, is bound by the oppressive and devastating human conditions experienced by the victimized individuals of physical and verbal maltreatment. The device, although it may conjure ethical realizations within the user's mind, also poses as an ethical dilemma for it brings the cruel severity of the downtrodden and exploited people into visual and mental display terrorizing the emotional stability of the participants.

Technological breakthroughs in decoding the human mind have blossomed ever since the invention of a device through which users are immersed within a virtual reality, to live and experience the trauma and distressing scenarios of people victimized by physical as well as emotional abuse. Developed by a team of Spanish scientists, this device is breaking down the mind's irrational judgement in relation to discriminatory or wrongful perceptions against others. The user of the device, once transported into the anguished lives of the virtual characters, comes face to face with the agony of living through abusive violence, and begins to form a clearer impression about the effects of such experiences upon the lifestyle, behavior and well being of any victim. In doing so, the participant ultimately widens the boundaries of his mental state of thought, and begins to appreciate and acknowledge the peace given by a happy life rid of gnawing internal complications. However, in engaging with such a virtual reality the user becomes an unshielded target of bitter misery, felt and illustrated by the depictions seen through the device. The software that is included in this article is the technological device that offers an entrance into the virtual world for the user. The stakeholders within this article are the users of the device, whose mental and emotional stability is controlled by the virtual reality developed by the scientists. The scientists hold the success of the entire experiment in the palm of their hands, and really are the source of the effect upon human behavior. One has to take into consideration the physical and psychological considerations (in "Health" scenario) of technology on the user of this particular device; although this device does help others modify their morality as they expand their considerations for the factors that have made people what they are today. The device however, does inflict the same trauma and terror depicted by the gestures and movements

I agree with the ethical and social concerns involved within your article. Although there are some benefits of recognizing the pain and violence inflicted on others, it can cause emotional stigma and trauma upon the person who is using this technological device. Technology controls our ethical morality, in developing software that explores the way the human brain works we destroy this boundary of what is right and wrong because we begin to focus on research and forget the effects involved. In this case, those involved in the experiment are unaware of the effects that this virtual reality exposed to the user will eventually have on them mentally and emotionally.

"The idea of engagement -- using technology to bring about discussions -- as well as incorporating commonly held human values should be brought into the design process, the researchers said.The notion that a piece of technology can be simply be produced and plunked down in front of a person "is unlikely to move us forward," said Tom Rodden, a professor of interactive systems at the University of Nottingham."\nJeremy Kirk, IDG News Service\nSat, 5 Apr 2008 23:00:00 UTC\nThis information I felt was very important because it helped me think of technology in a whole new way. Technology is not what is going to help us make the future, its us(humans) who are going to have the idea and the capacity to create this future using robots/machines to help us create the basses of it. Robots will have a huge impact on how we live in our everyday lives.

I think i should get a Sufficient Criteria(2 marks)

In airports nationally and internationally, flyers have to stand in line to wait to check in. The process is anything but welcoming for those who are running late, dislike crowds, and are just simply impatient. The process is just has grueling for the workers who have to deal witht the annoyed customers day after day. Luckily, the ticket kiosks have made the check in time shorter, being great for those who have no luggage to check in, but still just a part of the process for those who do. With RFID tags, the check in process isn't as dreadful. Companies are now begining to use reusable RFID tags that can track up to four flights at a time for each luggage, and can be programmed to track upcoming flights. This technology reduces the check in time, and increases effciency as the luggage is already associated with the flyer, and it's location is known at all times. Lost luggage can be found easier, and the manual labor needed for check in is cut down. There is also less paper being used, since the RFID tags only involve electronic mediums. For both the flyer and the company, the RFID tags can be a bright future. However, with more and more ways to eliminate time and human error, it is possible that the jobs of the people at the check in will be reduced. This seems to be a problem with many technologies, but this is the way in which our future is going. But, even though technology seems to be super efficient and a lot better than humans, it has it's flaws. RFID tags are read by radio rignals. If the tags are broken, or placed in an area where the radio signals cannot reach, then the tags are useless. There also needs to be new technology that allows airline companies to begin to use the tags, which may be costly. Another major issue is that in order to increase efficiency, all of the customers must be on board. There is no guarantee that this will happen any time soon, or that all of the airline companies will wish to use the technolgy.

Please use this bookmark to post your reflections. Using a Paper 2 style approach, CRITERION A) identify the IT system and describe the issues. Identify the relationship of the major stakeholders to the issues. CRITERION B) Describe step-by-step how the system works and describe how the system is related to the issue(s). CRITERION C) Evaluate the impacts on society -- both positive and negative or from differing stakeholder's P.O.V. CRITERION D) Evaluate the efficacy of a solution to the problem.

There is another issue along with this involving the ability of researchers to have full access to the information about anyone. Many people want to maintain their right to privacy, but others argue that this could lead to new knowledge about diseases, and the development of new medicines. For those who are afraid of risking their privacy, there are standards developed in order to protect them. Their information, such as SSNs are encoded for security reasons and the DNA part of the project is voluntary, and not imposed. However, ethicists are still afraid of this database. They claim that the future of DNA is a valuable thing because it can predict the probability of diseases, life expectancies, etc. But all copies can be made available to the FBI, schools, etc. at the time of birth. For the Biotech Industry, this is seen as a huge advantage because people an be tested for hundreds of diseases. The awareness of the disease is a great thing, because it could lead to early prevention. However, the system is faulty because it sometimes doesn't provide certainty of a disease and it limits a person's privacy. Other times, there is no cure for the disease, so the patient cannot do anything even if they know. In relation to this, there also will arise severe psychological impacts of a person knowing that they have the possibility for getting a life threatening disease. If this is a disease that will affect them later on in life, it would be detrimental for a person to live their life without the hope of a prosperous future. A solution to this problem could be giving patients the choice of knowing or not.

Criterion A - The IT system is the DNA database containing information about the genetic past, present, and future of the patients. The primary issues associated with this database are of privacy and anonymity. These issues arise when patients, who are one of the major stakeholders, feel that that the information in these databases shouldn't be accessible to others, or anyone for that matter. While some believe this is private information, others believe that the information should not be known by anyone because of the ethical issues associated with knowing what will come in the future. Criterion B - The medical database is a relational database meaning that it establishes relationships between different tables in the database. The smallest building blocks of a relational database are items. Items are individual pieces of information in tables. These items are organized into fields and records. Fields are columns in a table that that represent different categories of information. Records are rows that represent all the information for a specific patient. At the cross-section of a particular record and field lies the item associated with a specific piece of information related to the specified patient. These tables are related to each other through links which are established by unique primary keys assigned to each patient. This system is related to the issue of privacy because the information contained within it is considered by many to be privileged and access to it should be very limited or altogether eliminated. Criterion C - The impacts of such a database on society are varied. Some people are very against the entire idea of a genetic database because of its ethical concerns. When people have their blood analyzed for DNA, they are giving up their genetic make-up. The information that can be obtained from such tests is considered by many to be privileged, and by others to be completely unethical in every way. Often people are against very private medical

This article discusses the ethical and moral issues related to artificial intelligence in the area of people and machines. One of these issues has to do with the issue of those in poverty who are denied a job because of the advances in technology. So the stakeholders include common people (especially the poor), manufacturers of AI, the designers of them and the businesses that use them. AI can be used virtually anywhere from factories to game shows and that threatens the role of some human beings. Some robots take the place of doing simple jobs but those who can't afford an education, in a way need those jobs. Many of the poor don't have the right education to suddenly become technicians for the robots that replaced them so they're out of jobs. There is also the issue of how to create a robot that mimics a human being. This creates issues because all of us have different ethical and religious standings, creating a robot to mimic us would create more issues in the human world because it would be going against some and supporting others. But if someone was trying to create the perfect human then it would be God-like and that would be an issue in itself.

ACKLING GLOBAL CENSORSHIP Last week tech companies and human rights groups launched guidelines designed to tackle censorship. Google, Yahoo! and Microsoft have all been heavily criticised for their business strategy in countries such as China. All have signed up to the new Global Network Initiative which aims to promote privacy and freedom of speech on the internet.

ACKLING GLOBAL CENSORSHIP Last week tech companies and human rights groups launched guidelines designed to tackle censorship. Google, Yahoo! and Microsoft have all been heavily criticised for their business strategy in countries such as China. All have signed up to the new Global Network Initiative which aims to promote privacy and freedom of speech on the internet.

This article starts out with a scenario about a professional online poker player figuring out that he was actually playing against a bot, which is designed to beat its opponents against all odds. There area of impact of this article can be arts entertatinment and leisure because the players do play for money and compete with one another online. This is from the point of view from the players however it can be also seen as business and employment because bots are being sold on line to do this specific task and to win earnings for whoever has paid for them. The Social and ethical issues here can be Security when looking at it from the point of view of the poker site owner, they are supposed to try and root out any bots to make online playing fair for everyone else. People and Machines can also be applied here because the bots are taking something that is meant for recreation by humans and extending their faculties but to the extent of not playing by the rules and playing an unfair game with some one else. The stakeholders of this issue are the online poker players, the people who own the poker playing website and the people who sell and use the poker bots. The IT system referred to in the article are the bots.

I found this article really interesting because I had not thought about it at all. This is an important case to pay attention to because of the fact that machines are taking over another aspect of the human life. Not only are machines capable of replacing jobs, such as the repetitive ones in factories, but they are also able to take away the fun in gambling. They are also bending the rules and creating an unfair environment for gamblers on the Internet.

This article piqued my interest because it made me think about my own article in a broader way. My article talked about the issue of artificial intelligence talking menial and low skill jobs from people. This article attracted me because it show AI used in another way to make money for people. It takes what is mentioned in my article and extends it to another dimension. People are using these bots to actually make money by competing against human competitors but this is occurring to players unsuspecting players, technically this is using advanced technology to steal.

Chinese government refuses to fully admit the extent of internet censorship enforced within the country, expanding beyond the realm of securing internet browsing in order to prevent pornographic sites and other inappropriate or harmful content. Government officials state that political enforcement for internet censorship, does not suppress the human rights of individual expression on the internet. However, many organizations and groups do argue that Chinese efforts to regulate the data being seen is aimed upon preventing perspectives of the public to be heard through the web.

It would seem like a great idea to be able to see patient's medical records on the spot, clearly and accurately. However, RFID's should not be the technology used to do so. Some patients have had RFIDs implanted into their skin for doctors to scan but in rats, no less humans, there have been cases where links between the use of RFIDS under the skin and cancer has been linked together. Many people would know about this, especially if they were to have the procedure done but this isnt the problem. Companies using the technology are practicing it on those who cannot protect themselves from its  harm. Patients who have Alzheimer disease are commonly practiced on. The question that poses from this is what and will the government do anything to stop these companies, why was it approved of and is it worth the medical advantages?

This article has to do with both offshoring and outsourcing. I thought this was an interesting article to read after reading the article we read in class because it gave a variety of examples of offshoring and outsourcing. This article gave a variety of point of views on the debates around both offshoring and outsourcing. First the article introduces a few examples of outsourcing such as computer processing and back-office business tasks. The author introduces ethical impacts the outsourcing creates because it uses technology and humans that are cheaper rather than using humans that are experts at a field. They also state that the current BPO offshoring profits in Indian have the potential to grow, but we are not allowing it to. People in a variety of countries are being payed less because of the differences in currency because of outsourcing. The author mentions Mr. Bourgeois, and his claim that "Mr. Bourgeois says, makes about $50 an hour, while in India a developer is paid perhaps $10 an hour. If the wages of the American developer are growing at 3 percent a year, and the Indian 15 percent a year the cost advantage will last a long time, he noted." The author mentions that there are a variety of parts of the debate on offshoring and outsourcing. The stockholders for these situations are the business people making money, the people working in foreign countries for less money, and people working the same job for more money. This is a great article to read after the one we read in class because the author provides the reader with a variety of point of views, and how the debate on offshoring and outsourcing can change if we can add other point of views.

Technology Standards vs Application Standard

Staff at the Queen Victoria hospital in East Grinstead demonstrated their use of modern technology to the health minister Lord Darzi.

Staff at the Queen Victoria hospital in East Grinstead demonstrated their use of modern technology to the health minister Lord Darzi.

"The Millennium Villages use so-called telemedicine technology to improve health care. Health workers in the villages are given mobile phones and sent out to treat patients. After testing patients for various diseases, the workers send the results via text message to remote clinics and are told which treatment to provide. "It is a very wonderful system," Mr Sachs said. "It empowers providers in the community to get very powerful results.""

Economist argues that the West can afford $32bn for Africa, after a pilot scheme proves to be a success in reducing poverty and increasing HIV awareness. Poverty is decreasing in the village which is creating a drastic change. The people of the village are effected by this because they are part of the area affected. Just like the on in class, the area of interactions is health and the IT system is telemedicine, as well as computer devices. The major issues regarding this article are as follows: people and machines is one of the better ones because the machines are shaping the lives of different humans. Change is being established, which usually leads to both good and bad things.

"Google Health and others in the fast-growing personal health record business say they are offering a revolutionary tool to help patients navigate a fragmented healthcare system, but some doctors fear that inaccurate information from billing data could lead to improper treatment."

This case study tackles the issues of Integrity and Reliability. The article talks about inaccurate health records and it effect on patients who want to follow updates on their health status. The stakeholders in this articles are patients because they are the ones who need accurate information, doctors because patients come to them when they read inaccurate information about their health and the people who control the information in the databases because they are the ones responsible for whether or not the information is accurate. Integrity is an appropriate Social and Ethical Issue because the information in the databases have a been changed accidentally, in turn affecting accuracy. Reliability is even better because is directly about accuracy of data, if it is entered incorrectly. If data is entered wrong patients lose trust in them. This is especially relevant to databases which is the major IT system discussed in this article. In relation to the case study it is important to find a solution for the patients of Africa, that is as efficient as possible. In a place like the one described in the study it is important to save time by being as accurate as possible and making sure that patents and doctors can understand the information on databases, ensuring more successful treatments for the patients.

In the East African city, the medical facilities all contain databases that their patient's health records are recorded on, however the platform for each database varies between each clinic and the main hospital. This in turn makes it more difficult to exchange health records between each clinic and the main hospital.This article brings up a solution to the health records exchange problem that are within this East African Region. Google Health is a database that is in the cloud and makes it possible to exchange health records through the internet. This form of exchanging data for a patient helps to keep a patient's data up to date. Now though this could be a great solution it comes with many drawbacks from the system and the lacking materials from the East African region makes it difficulty to better utilize it.

"Deaf children have been testing software that enables them to see a visual representation of sound waves. Called Lumisonic the software translates sound waves into circles that radiate on a display. It creates a real time representation of sound and is designed to elicit responses quickly in the human brain. "

In this article the possibilities of robots are very helpful. Robots can help extend human faculties by allowing them to do dangerous jobs, that involve surveying buildings from great heights. Although this is helpful and limits the danger for construction workers, if this technology becomes more popular on construction sites it could limit the amount of jobs on the construction site, so the workers would be replaced by these robots. "The need for autonomous tools in the construction field is great" so it is reasonable to expect that this technology will be used more frequently, what will happen to the workers who are currently doing this job?

Many companies are building robots to do simple human tasks. These tasks include lifeguarding, taking out the trash, building a bookcase and much more.

Quicker and quicker progress into the field of artificial intelligence without corresponding advancements in politics and standards

This article touches upon the issue of people and machines. They are more efficient and can get the job done faster. However, because of the horrible economy, many restaurants are not able to afford these robots. But if restaurants invest in a robot, there is a possibility that the human employees will be replaced with these systems.