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Marcum (1997) uses a quote from Jarislav Pelikan to establish the need for archival commitment to preserve information (knowledge) in establishments such as libraries, museums, archives (federal, state and local municipalities) and the like as illustrating "embalming of the dead". To this end, a task force was formed by combining the Commission on Preservation and Access and the Research Libraries Group formed a Task Force on the Archiving of Digital Information. This task force identified a short list of five challenges associated with the preservation of digital artifacts. Specifically, organizational in nature: − "The first line of defense against loss of valuable digital information rests with the creators, providers, and owners of digital information. − Long-term preservation of digital information on a scale adequate for the demands of future research and scholarship will require a deep infrastructure capable of supporting a distributed system of digital archives. − A sufficient number of trusted organizations must exist that are capable of storing, migrating, and providing access to digital collections. − A process of certification for digital archives is needed to create an overall climate of trust about the prospects of preserving digital information. − Certified digital archives must have the right and duty to exercise an aggressive rescue function as a fail-safe mechanism for preserving valuable digital information that is in jeopardy of destruction, neglect, or abandonment by its current custodian" (pp. 358-359). The task force also established a list of greatest organizational challenges opposing support for the preservation of digital information. This list includes the following items: − "Legal bases for deposit and rescue. In individual countries and internationally, legislation and agreements are needed to encourage legal deposit of electronic resources with archival repositories, to enable rescue of abandoned resource

EDU681102 - Module 2, Week 2. Mark Ness, article #3.

Edited link - https://diigo.com/08285j

Mackness, J, Mak, S and Williams, R (2010) The ideals and reality of participating in a MOOC, proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Networked Learning 2010, University of Lancaster, available at: www.lancaster.ac.uk/fss/organisations/netlc/past/nlc2010/ abstracts/PDFs/Mackness.pdf' This is a peer reviewed scholarly article, frequently cited, based on mixed method research which studied the learners in the first connectivist MOOC. As such it was the first study of its kind. It appears to have correctly analyzed the relatively small quantitative sample of learners, including an instructor or two. Its contribution is to test the connectivist theory (Siemens and Downes) with a case. As noted in the abstract "The research found that autonomy, diversity, openness and connectedness/interactivity are indeed characteristics of a MOOC, but that they present paradoxes which are difficult to resolve in an online course. The more autonomous, diverse and open the course, and the more connected the learners, the more the potential for their learning to be limited by the lack of structure, support and moderation normally associated with an online course, and the more they seek to engage in traditional groups as opposed to an open network." P. 266 Analysis was focused on the "characteristics of connectivism outlined by Downes, i.e. autonomy, diversity, openness and connectedness/interactivity" p.266. Generally the research outlines the strengths and weaknesses of cMOOCs using this format. Not a lot of further research is recommended other than using a larger sample in future research and "the aims of experiencing learning within a massive open online network are constrained by a course framework and many design issues and aspects of learner experience remain unresolved." P. 273 Abstract "CCK08' was a unique event on Connectivism and Connective Knowledge within a MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) in 2008. It was a course and a network about the emergent practices

Baby boomers and the aging employee need encouragement and the incentive to speak up and present all that they have to offer. Older workers feel an uncomfortable sense at most work ventures and yet they are relied upon greatly due to their knowledge and expertise on the history of a work related matter. It needs to be understood that in a era of fast paced advances in technology we all need training and innovative ways to learn. It is not necessary just the older employees that might struggle without such a way of approaching the subject of change.

An in-depth look at how and why privacy training needs to improve for school personnel

"While language learning and place-based learning linked to history, geography, sociology, and social studies are already available for such devices, the next developments are focused on using wearable devices linked to smartphones for self-assessment linked to a much wider range of learning. Imagine being a student four weeks away from final examinations in chemistry. What if your Apple Watch or smartphone asked you chemistry questions related to your course of study twice a day, every day for these four weeks? The daily feedback could help you focus review on topics you are weak in and reinforce your mastery of topics in which you are strong. These adaptive assessments are becoming more widely used and can be linked to open educational resources on the specific topics the student needs to master so as to aid their learning."

This article focuses on the experience of children with disabilities in an increasingly technology dominated world. Wise addresses many associated issues including: disparities for healthcare including children with disabilities. Certain ethical questions arise with the advent of new technology, for example terminating a childbirth because you know that the child will have some disability. In the end it comes to technology access, Wise believes. As long as there is inequity in access, technology may have a negative impact on those with special needs.

Morris, N., & Lambe, J. (2014). Studying a Mooc : a Guide. Retrieved from http://www.palgrave.com/resources/Product-Page-Downloads/M/Morris-Studying-a-MOOC/Studying-a-MOOC-Neil-Morris-James-Lambe.pdf How-to "free" guide book from Palgrave to help anyone prepare themselves to study a MOOC course. As MOOCs tend to appeal to learners with good digital study habits already - this will bring less technically savvy people familiarity with MOOCs as well as people who are not used to studying in an online environment the essential information that they need to know about the online features. It is extremely clearly written, easy to follow, with good advice in each section and not too long. It covers the A-Z of MOOCs from the learner perspective. It provides really useful hyperlinks for finding courses. (The only information not given is related to the copyright issues for user content.) It is a 'first' as far as I can tell in this sort of study guide. It would be useful to younger students (say highschool level) who have never taken an online course before or to older learners (over 30) who have good study habits but are not familiar with digital technology and online communication methods and etiquette and want to learn how to participate in MOOCs including discussion groups, etc. before they start. I thought that it would be a useful resource prior to starting the MALET programme as it gives a lot of practical advice that is relevant to all online learning.

This is a short literary review of Jason Ohler's 2008 book (title above). For the purpose of organization, Ohler classifies digital storytelling into three sections: Part I-Storytelling, Education, and the New Media, Part II-The Art and Practice of Storytelling, and Part III- Going Digital. According to Ohler, Digital storytelling is important to society, it shares an interrelationship with technology and it has a place in education, tied to literacy. Regardless of the technology advances made in the future, people will use it to fulfill the inherent need to tell their story. (For proof, just look at the progressive advancement of Snapchat. What began as an app allowing users to send cellphone picts to friends using custom contacts lists image display times of ≤10 sec has evolved to allow creation of Sanpchat Stories allowing users to chronicle daily activities via video clips, images & captions available for friends to view over 24 hr.) Ohler identifies fundamentals of a digital story as: Genre, resonance, active/passive viewing, point of view, emotional engagement, tone, spoken narrative, soundtrack, creativity, media grammar, and more. In addition, the reader is able to see how each element connects to literacy development, inquiry, and the backwards design.

- The purpose of this paper is to get an insight in users' opinion on library resources/services on small screen mobile devices. Objectives were to establish which types of small screen mobile devices are used and to find out is there a tendency for using academic and educational contents on such devices. Furthermore, aim was to identify whether the users need mobile friendly library web site and services at all. Also, what library resources/services and to what extent respondents consider as the important ones for mobile friendly customization. Finally the results would serve as an orientation in building mobile friendly library web site and services. The author believed that the users were still unaware of the possibility of accessing library web sites and services through mobile devices in general; therefore, this survey also had a role of raising awareness and stimulating their interest. - The survey was focussed on small screen mobile devices with screen size up to seven inches (17.1 cm). Data collection was performed through a questionnaire containing ten questions. The authors received 295 questionnaires, out of which 285 were taken into account. - The survey found that the largest number of respondents own smartphone/tablet/phablet. The results show that small screen devices are, to some extent, used for educational, academic and informational purposes (reading of e-books and e-journals, education, data checking, internet searching and searching of handy information), but non-academic purposes still predominate (texting, reading e-mails, phone calls, taking pictures). Overall 64 percent of the respondents has expressed need for small screen mobile devices customized library resources/services, but there are 30 percent of undecided respondents. Pazur, I. (2014). Attitude of the rudjer boskovic institute's scientists to the small screen mobile devices library services. Library Hi Tech, 32(4), 628-644.

The California State University-Fullerton Pollak Library recently launched a mobile version of its Web site to accommodate the needs of a burgeoning mobile user group. This article focuses on the process of conceptualizing, building, and deploying the mobile version of this Web site. It highlights the development process, from reviewing and understanding existing user needs to translating findings into meaningful mobile Web sites, and provides a detailed overview of the finished site. Some of what was learned during the conceptual and developmental phases might help other libraries considering going mobile. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] [Abstract from ESC Academic Search Complete database] Link: http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.library.esc.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=20&sid=777400f5-917a-43a0-83b8-26cdc83f8315%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4103&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=77492907&db=a9h DeMars, J. M. (2012). Smarter Phones: Creating a Pocket Sized Academic Library. Reference Librarian, 53(3), 253-262. doi:10.1080/02763877.2012.678236

Library patrons are adopting mobile devices for personal and other uses. The ubiquity of mobile devices will lead to changes in how and where learning and education happens. Libraries have wanted to become ubiquitous by making resources and services available anywhere, anytime. Reference librarians can use mobile devices and applications to include services in mobile learning environments. Challenges to libraries include uncertainty about which technologies to adopt in a rapidly changing technology landscape, the cost of technology adoption, staffing for 24-7, diversity of needs and preferences among library patrons, and the need to offer stable, consistent services. The combination of mobile librarians, mobile patrons, and mobile content provides an opportunity to move closer to the ideal of the ubiquitous library. [Abstract from EBSCOHost Education Source: Full-text article available in ESC library databases.] Link: http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.library.esc.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=26&sid=777400f5-917a-43a0-83b8-26cdc83f8315%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4103&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=59529451&db=a9h Barnhart, F. D., & Pierce, J. E. (2011). Becoming Mobile: Reference in the Ubiquitous Library. Journal Of Library Administration, 51(3), 279-290. doi:10.1080/01930826.2011.556942

Kizilcec, R. F., Piech, C. and Schneider, E. (2013). Deconstructing disengagement: analyzing learner subpopulations in massive open online courses. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (pp. 170-179). New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/2460296.2460330 The abstract begins as follows: "As MOOCs grow in popularity, the relatively low completion rates of learners has been a central criticism. This focus on completion rates, however, reflects a monolithic view of disengagement that does not allow MOOC designers to target interventions or develop adaptive course features for particular subpopulations of learners. To address this, we present a simple, scalable, and informative classification method that identifies a small number of longitudinal engagement trajectories in MOOCs." This peer reviewed conference paper goes on to describe how they classified learners and using data analytics from 3 courses as well as survey data from learners they developed 4 classifications. Of these classifications in addition to those who completed the courses, the auditors were of interest. They proceeded to suggest possible areas where the MOOC approaches could be adapted and tested to meet the needs of learners such as auditors. They also considered ways of increasing access and equity.

We do have one teacher that does due to getting into trouble one of their first years of teaching. This person was going to perform a musical that was copyrighted and was turned into an organization, which shut down the production. We all need to make sure we don't think it will fall under the Teach Act and always give credit where credit is due. To clarify, under the TEACH Act, if you are using someone else's materials during a recorded lecture, you can use a size limit that will allow students to see the lecture if you are streaming it, but not download it and share it with others downstream

The UNICEF Innocenti report on Child Safety Online shows that countries that have guidelines for social workers related to online child safety often have separate guidelines for law enforcement agencies, but lack a structured mechanism for the reporting of online abuse, referrals and coordinated actions. As mentioned above, there is still a need to strike the balance in policy between protection from all forms of violence, sexual abuse and exploitation, and the rights to information, freedom of expression and association, privacy and non-discrimination

Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) clearly delineates how students are expected to make use of school-provided Internet access - and how not to. Definitions of acceptable Internet use vary not only from school to school, but from place to place, time to time, or user to user within a single school. Particularly when teachers use the same computers as their students, administrators must take users' varying needs into account when creating an AUP

A study from 2009 through 2011 looked into the fastest growing job categories and the top 10 had the words computer or software in them. Clearly technology and computer abilities are key to becoming a valuable and successful employee. In the past centuries our automation process have grown substantially, need for computer operating systems and employees who can handle this type of technology.

This study was conducted to address the value of industry, policy, and professional advice concerning the appropriate role of Internet filtering in this struggle. Our preliminary findings suggested that filters might have small protective effects, but evidence derived from a more stringent and robust empirical approach30 indicated that they are entirely ineffective. These findings highlight the need for a critical cost-benefit analysis in light of the financial and informational costs associated with filtering and age verification technologies such as those now being developed in some European countries like the United Kingdom.

By Alicia Gallegos, special to the Reporter During a student demonstration in 2010, instructors at Stanford University School of Medicine loaded a children's wagon with all the learning materials medical students traditionally acquire in their preclinical years. The towering stacks of paper rose 3 feet high.

Scott, An interesting article. I know that medical schools (and allied health education, including nursing) have been leaders in adopting new technologies for educational purposes. Medical schools immediately identified a use for using podcasts to teach medical students how to detect abnormal heart sounds! Research quickly followed to prove this to be the most effective form of teaching normal and abnormal cardiac sounds. This learning concept is also used to teach radiology residents how to recognize normal and abnormal blood flow sounds when examining vessels (arteries/veins) using doppler ultrasound. Pharmacy schools (and departments) have utilized iPads/tablets/smartphone to run apps (http://www.appszoom.com/android-apps/pharmacology) that include entire pharmacology drug reference lists, commonly used drugs/medications, standard dosages, etc. for quick, searchable referencing.

Scott, I am curious about the level of security placed on the wireless networks used in hospital environments. The more mobile the physicians, nurses and caregivers, the more secure the wireless networks need to be. What measures are being taken to guarantee secure airwaves? Bill