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Veronika Lavrenčič

The Internet Explained | Article by Sonet Digital - 0 views

www.southbourne.com/...internet-explained

shared by Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The Internet Explained
  • Part: 1
  • The exponential growth of the Internet has been phenomenal. Or has it?
  • ...34 more annotations...
  • the ability to communicate
  • the Internet has now blossomed into a vehicle of expression
  • and research for the common person with hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of new pages being added to the World Wide Web every day
  • Vannevar Bush
  • a machine called a 'memex' might enhance human memory by the storage
  • 1945 essay, 'As We May Think'
  • ar less critical
  • Bush's contribution
  • Bush galvanised research into technology as the key determinant in winning the Second World War
  • A few years after the war the National Science Foundation (NSF) was setup
  • in 1958
  • the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was created
  • employed a psychologist by the name of Joseph Licklider
  • in 1962
  • the development of the modern PC
  • built upon Bush's contributions
  • esponsible for penning 'Man Computer Symbiosis'
  • computer networking
  • and companies
  • he initiated research contracts with leading computer institutions
  • ay down the foundations of the first networked computing group.
  • he setup a research laboratory
  • Douglas Engelbart
  • to examine the human interface and storage and retrieval systems
  • the Augmentation Research Center
  • NLS (oNLine System
  • ARPA funding
  • hypertext
  • the developer of the first mouse or pointing device
  • the hardware giants were consolidating their computing initiatives
  • conceiving the use of packets, small chunks of a message which could be reconstituted at destination, upon which current internet transmission and reception is based
  • Paul Baran
  • Cold War technology
  • the idea of distributed networks comprising numerous interconnected nodes
  • Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13
     
    Prvi del članka, govori o krivcih, za obstajanje interneta.
Janja Petek

Forty years of the internet: how the world changed for ever | Technology | The Guardian - 1 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...internet-40-history-arpanet

history web changed world

shared by Janja Petek on 06 Mar 13 - Cached
pina bitenc liked it
  • In October 1969, a student typed 'LO' on a computer - and the internet was born
  • Towards the end of the summer of 1969
  • a large grey metal box was delivered to the office of Leonard Kleinrock, a professor at the University of California in Los Angeles.
  • ...32 more annotations...
  • At 10.30pm, as Kleinrock's fellow professors and students crowded around, a computer was connected to the IMP, which made contact with a second IMP, attached to a second computer, several hundred miles away at the Stanford Research Institute, and an undergraduate named Charley Kline tapped out a message.
  • It's impossible to say for certain when the internet began, mainly because nobody can agree on what, precisely, the internet is.
  • It's interesting to compare how much has changed in computing and the internet since 1969 with, say, how much has changed in world politics.
  • On the other hand, the breakthrough accomplished that night in 1969 was a decidedly down-to-earth one
  • Twelve years after Charley Kline's first message on the Arpanet, as it was then known, there were still only 213 computers on the network; but 14 years after that, 16 million people were online, and email was beginning to change the world; the first really usable web browser wasn't launched until 1993, but by 1995 we had Amazon, by 1998 Google, and by 2001, Wikipedia, at which point there were 513 million people online. Today the figure is more like 1.7 billion.
  • on New Year's Day 1994 – only yesterday, in other words – there were an estimated 623 websites.
  • On the one hand, they were there because of the Russian Sputnik satellite launch, in 1957, which panicked the American defence establishment, prompting Eisenhower to channel millions of dollars into scientific research, and establishing Arpa, the Advanced Research Projects Agency, to try to win the arms technology race. The idea was "that we would not get surprised again,"
  • "In a few years, men will be able to communicate more effectively through a machine than face to face," they declared.
  • The few outsiders who knew of the box's existence couldn't even get its name right: it was an IMP, or "interface message processor"
  • It was already possible to link computers by telephone lines, but it was glacially slow, and every computer in the network had to be connected, by a dedicated line, to every other computer, which meant you couldn't connect more than a handful of machines without everything becoming monstrously complex and costly.
  • The solution, called "packet switching" – which owed its existence to the work of a British physicist, Donald Davies – involved breaking data down into blocks that could be routed around any part of the network that happened to be free, before getting reassembled at the other end.
  • Still, Kleinrock recalls a tangible sense of excitement that night as Kline sat down at the SDS Sigma 7 computer, connected to the IMP, and at the same time made telephone contact with his opposite number at Stanford. As his colleagues watched, he typed the letter L, to begin the word LOGIN.
  • One of the most intriguing things about the growth of the internet is this: to a select group of technological thinkers, the surprise wasn't how quickly it spread across the world, remaking business, culture and politics – but that it took so long to get off the ground.
  • In 1945, the American presidential science adviser, Vannevar Bush, was already imagining the "memex", a device in which "an individual stores all his books, records, and communications", which would be linked to each other by "a mesh of associative trails", like weblinks.
  • And in 1946, an astonishingly complete vision of the future appeared in the magazine Astounding Science Fiction. In a story entitled A Logic Named Joe, the author Murray Leinster envisioned a world in which every home was equipped with a tabletop box that he called a "logic":
  • Instead of smothering their research in the utmost secrecy – as you might expect of a cold war project aimed at winning a technological battle against Moscow – they made public every step of their thinking, in documents known as Requests For Comments.
  • Deliberately or not, they helped encourage a vibrant culture of hobbyists on the fringes of academia – students and rank amateurs who built their own electronic bulletin-board systems and eventually FidoNet, a network to connect them to each other.
  • n argument can be made that these unofficial tinkerings did as much to create the public internet as did the Arpanet. Well into the 90s, by the time the Arpanet had been replaced by NSFNet, a larger government-funded network,
  • It was the hobbyists, making unofficial connections into the main system, who first opened the internet up to allcomers.
  • This was the software known as TCP/IP, which made it possible for networks to connect to other networks, creating a "network of networks", capable of expanding virtually infinitely
  • Nevertheless, by July 1992, an Essex-born businessman named Cliff Stanford had opened Demon Internet, Britain's first commercial internet service provider.
  • After a year or so, Demon had between 2,000 and 3,000 users,
  • the @ symbol was introduced in 1971, and the first message, according to the programmer who sent it, Ray Tomlinson, was "something like QWERTYUIOP".
  • A couple of years later I got my first mobile phone, which came with two batteries: a very large one, for normal use, and an extremely large one, for those occasions on which you might actually want a few hours of power
  • For most of us, though, the web is in effect synonymous with the internet, even if we grasp that in technical terms that's inaccurate: the web is simply a system that sits on top of the internet, making it greatly easier to navigate the information there, and to use it as a medium of sharing and communication.
  • The first ever website was his own, at CERN: info.cern.ch.
  • The idea that a network of computers might enable a specific new way of thinking about information, instead of just allowing people to access the data on each other's terminals, had been around for as long as the idea of the network itself: it's there in Vannevar Bush's memex, and Murray Leinster's logics.
  • Web browsers crossed the border into mainstream use far more rapidly than had been the case with the internet itself: Mosaic launched in 1993 and Netscape followed soon after, though it was an embarrassingly long time before Microsoft realised the commercial necessity of getting involved at all. Amazon and eBay were online by 1995. And in 1998 came Google, offering a powerful new way to search the proliferating mass of information on the web.
  • Google, and others, saw that the key to the web's future would be helping users exclude almost everything on any given topic, restricting search results to the most relevant pages.
  • It is absurd – though also unavoidable here – to compact the whole of what happened from then onwards into a few sentences: the dotcom boom, the historically unprecedented dotcom bust, the growing "digital divide", and then the hugely significant flourishing, over the last seven years, of what became known as Web 2.0.
  • The most confounding thing of all is that in a few years' time, all this stupendous change will probably seem like not very much change at all.
  • Will you remember when the web was something you accessed primarily via a computer? Will you remember when there were places you couldn't get a wireless connection? Will you remember when "being on the web" was still a distinct concept, something that described only a part of your life, instead of permeating all of it? Will you remember Google?
donnamariee

BBC News - How the cloud helps firms cope with ups and downs of IT - 0 views

www.bbc.co.uk/...business-18514586

cloud it tech

shared by donnamariee on 01 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Imagine running a business where most of your customers arrive during two weeks of the year.
  • Welcome to the world of Doug Clark, the IBM executive responsible for the infrastructure that runs the website of the Wimbledon tennis championships.
  • Spikiness is a common problem in the information technology world. It refers to the surges in demand for computing power and information storage. Retailers suffer from spikiness. They expect their website to be swamped in the run-up to Christmas.
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  • Instead of buying huge amounts of computing power and storage that may be unused for most of the year, companies can get what they need in a more flexible way.
  • IBM has allotted enough computing resources to cope with the surge during the tournament.
  • Cloud computing has another useful feature. Instead of being locked into long contracts, firms can buy their IT over much shorter time frames. It can even be metered. This is extremely useful for companies that are launching one-off projects or perhaps start-up firms that are not sure how successful they are going to be. Extra capacity can be bought online and paid for as needed. Zoopla is a UK property website which allows users to search for homes.
  • Zoopla uses Amazon Web Services (AWS), which launched in 2006 and is the biggest player in cloud computing.
  • Analysts at Tier1 Research estimate that just 2% of total spending on information technology is on cloud services. Daniel Beazer, a hosting and cloud analyst at Tier1 Research, said: "Most companies have been around for a lot longer than the internet and have systems that are decades old." "Mostly what they have works, just about, so why bother shifting it? The savings from virtualisation and the cloud aren't currently big enough to justify it," he said.
Jan Keček

Smartphone operating systems: Bright-eyed and bushy-tailed | The Economist - 0 views

www.economist.com/...s-bright-eyed-and-bushy-tailed

smartphone ipraktikum internet networking

shared by Jan Keček on 04 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • IF YOU have a new smartphone, it is almost certainly either an Apple iPhone or one of the many devices that runs on Google’s Android operating system. According to IDC, a research firm, more than 90% of the 228m smartphones shipped in the last quarter of 2012 belonged to one of the two dominant species. Android is the bigger bea
  • st. Its share has grown as the smartphone market has boomed, to about 70%.
  • Mozilla, a non-profit organisation best known for Firefox, a web browser, unveiled plans to bring a smartphone operating system to market. Called Firefox OS, it has the backing of 18 mobile operators based in countries from Asia to Latin America.
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  • Most Windows smartphones are made by Finland’s Nokia, which dropped its own plans for a new system when it threw in its lot with the American software giant. BlackBerry, a Canadian company formerly called Research In Motion, hopes to recover lost glories with BlackBerry 10, which appeared in January after much delay.
  • One reason for the challengers’ optimism is that a lot of ground is unoccupied.
  • BlackBerry and Microsoft have the advantage of familiarity; 80m people use BlackBerrys. Companies’ information-technology departments trust them as secure. Microsoft hopes that Windows’ dominance of personal computers can be transferred to mobiles. With that in mind, all new Windows devices, on desks, on laps or in hands, have the same look, with “tiles” for touching, not clicking.
  • Whereas most applications on Apple and Android devices have been written for those systems, Firefox OS uses open standards. In principle, apps based on it can run on any device connected to the web.
Janja Petek

Unreported Side Effects of Drugs Are Found Using Internet Search Data, Study Finds - NY... - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...internet-data-study-finds.html

effects internet search data

shared by Janja Petek on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Using data drawn from queries entered into Google, Microsoft and Yahoo search engines, scientists at Microsoft, Stanford and Columbia University have for the first time been able to detect evidence of unreported prescription drug side effects before they were found by the Food and Drug Administration’s warning system.
  • Using automated software tools to examine queries by six million Internet users taken from Web search logs in 2010, the researchers looked for searches relating to an antidepressant, paroxetine, and a cholesterol lowering drug, pravastatin.
  • The new study was undertaken after Dr. Altman wondered whether there was a more immediate and more accurate way to gain access to data similar to what the F.D.A. had access to.
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  • He turned to computer scientists at Microsoft, who created software for scanning anonymized data collected from a software toolbar installed in Web browsers by users who permitted their search histories to be collected.
  • The researchers said that they were now thinking about how to add new sources of information, like behavioral data and information from social media sources. The challenge, they noted, was to integrate new sources of data while protecting individual privacy.
Neža Zidanič

Social networking: teachers blame Facebook and Twitter for pupils' poor grades - Telegraph - 0 views

www.telegraph.co.uk/...er-for-pupils-poor-grades.html

education twitter facebook socialnetworking school teachers

shared by Neža Zidanič on 08 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Teachers believe social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter are to blame for pupils' poor grades, a study has concluded.
  • Seven in 10 British teachers believe children are becoming more and more obsessed with websites such as Facebook  By Andy Bloxham 10:38AM GMT 18 Nov 2010
  • This research clearly demonstrates that students up and down the country are spending more and more time using social media.
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  • "Rather than relying on life experiences, educational travel and face to face interaction with others, children are becoming obsessed with social networking and this is shaping their attitudes instead.
  • The report concludes that the children with the poorest grades at school are the ones who spent most time on social networking.
  • Seven in 10 British teachers believe children are becoming more and more obsessed with websites such as Facebook, Twitter and MySpace.
  • Half of the 500 teachers polled believe this fixation is affecting the children's ability to concentrate in class.
  • 'They enjoy using this tool but there is a danger that these virtual interactions filter out problematic or emotional issues, which in real life, support social and emotional development. ''Social networking has become so much the norm, for adults and children alike, that non-participation can result in feeling excluded or even socially ostracised. ''The time invested in social media versus real life interpersonal interaction can detract from that available for real human contact and contribute to delayed and/or distorted social and emotional development.''
  • It is also claimed that children who are online at every available opportunity are less willing to communicate with adults.
  • ''Currently there is little empirical research and related guidance on how to integrate social media into school-based learning, although I am aware that many teachers are grappling with this challenge in their day to day practice and some are managing to use this new media very constructively.
petra funtek

ScienceDirect.com - International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - A new look at sof... - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com.nukweb.nuk.uni-lj.si/...S107158191100125X

shared by petra funtek on 11 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Soft lifting refers to the process whereby a legally licensed software program is installed or copied in violation of its licensing agreement. Previous research on this pervasive kind of unethical computer use has mainly focused on the determinants of this unethical act, which are rooted in personal, economic, technological, cultural, socio-political, or legal domains. However, little is known about the symbolic power that soft lifting has on the sense of self. Based on recent advances in behavioral priming, we hypothesized that soft lifting can influence the signals one sends to oneself; more specifically, soft lifting may prime individuals to experience an inauthentic sense of self, which, in turn, prompts further unethical behavior. In Study 1, we showed that participants, primed with the memory of a recent soft lifting experience, cheated more than participants recalling a recent experience of purchasing authentic software or than control participants. Moreover, feelings of inauthenticity mediated the priming effect of soft lifting on dishonest behavior. In Study 2, participants primed with soft lifting showed a greater willingness to purchase a wide range of counterfeit products over authentic products. Besides those antecedents or correlates of soft lifting already identified in the literature, educators should pay more attention to the negative impact of soft lifting on the self-images of users, which may go beyond computer-related behaviors. Priming may provide a new direction for HCI researchers to examine the impact of computer-use-related factors on users' perceptions, motivations, and behaviors.
Jernej Prodnik

Why I'm quitting Facebook - CNN.com - 0 views

edition.cnn.com/...index.html

facebook quitting rushkoff media social media

shared by Jernej Prodnik on 25 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Why I'm quitting Facebook By Douglas Rushkoff, CNN February 25, 2013 -- Updated 1502 GMT (2302 HKT)
  • (CNN) -- I used to be able to justify using Facebook as a cost of doing business. As a writer and sometime activist who needs to promote my books and articles and occasionally rally people to one cause or another, I found Facebook fast and convenient. Though I never really used it to socialize, I figured it was OK to let other people do that, and I benefited from their behavior. I can no longer justify this arrangement.
  • Today, I am surrendering my Facebook account, because my participation on the site is simply too inconsistent with the values I espouse in my work. In my upcoming book "Present Shock," I chronicle some of what happens when we can no longer manage our many online presences. I have always argued for engaging with technology as conscious human beings and dispensing with technologies that take that agency away.
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  • Facebook is just such a technology. It does things on our behalf when we're not even there. It actively misrepresents us to our friends, and worse misrepresents those who have befriended us to still others. To enable this dysfunctional situation -- I call it "digiphrenia" -- would be at the very least hypocritical. But to participate on Facebook as an author, in a way specifically intended to draw out the "likes" and resulting vulnerability of others, is untenable.
  • Douglas Rushkoff Facebook has never been merely a social platform. Rather, it exploits our social interactions the way a Tupperware party does. Facebook does not exist to help us make friends, but to turn our network of connections, brand preferences and activities over time -- our "social graphs" -- into money for others.
  • We Facebook users have been building a treasure lode of big data that government and corporate researchers have been mining to predict and influence what we buy and for whom we vote. We have been handing over to them vast quantities of information about ourselves and our friends, loved ones and acquaintances. With this information, Facebook and the "big data" research firms purchasing their data predict still more things about us -- from our future product purchases or sexual orientation to our likelihood for civil disobedience or even terrorism.
sergeja perklič

Who owns the content you upload online? | Money | guardian.co.uk - 0 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...who-owns-content-you-upload

copyright upload instagram twitter facebook youtube flickr content

shared by sergeja perklič on 04 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The outrage over Instagram's announcement that it is changing its terms and conditions has turned the spotlight on the relationship between websites and users who upload content, whether it is photos, video, blogs or even games.
  • A survey of UK consumers suggested just 7% read online terms and conditions before they signed up for products and services, and other research has put it even lower.
  • Twitter: You retain your rights to any content you post on Twitter, but you grant the website a worldwide, non-exclusive, royalty-free licence (with the right to sublicense) "to use, copy, reproduce, process, adapt, modify, publish, transmit, display and distribute" your content.
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  • However, when you use Facebook you give it the right to use information "in connection with the services and features we provide to you and other users like your friends, our partners, the advertisers that purchase ads on the site, and the developers that build the games, applications, and websites you use".
petra funtek

Social networks: after privacy, beyond friendship | openDemocracy - 0 views

www.opendemocracy.net/...fter_privacy_beyond_friendship

facebook social networking my space personal details

shared by petra funtek on 06 Mar 13 - Cached
  • irst, research shows that social-networking sites are a serious risk when accessed at work.
  • Facebook at work". It may sound ridiculous, but the purpose is to ensure that employees are not putting their personal and corporate data out to tender.
  • The second reason is that once uploaded, personal details can become public possession - and not just for now but, effectively, forever. News Corp bought MySpace to exploit what previously had been unthinkable to advertisers: customers telling you what they want without you even asking.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • he irony in all this is that Facebook - which in September 2007 overtook MySpace in Britain as the preferred site for individual users - was originally set up to mirror rather than overturn the "intimacy" and exclusiveness of real-world, face-to-face networks. Andrew McCollum, one of the founders of Facebook, explained to me that they based the project on a pretty closed community, namely university colleges.
  • Social networks: after privacy, beyond friendship
Sandra Hribar

Study: Facebook Is Your Frenemy - Megan Garber - The Atlantic - 0 views

www.theatlantic.com/...272728

shared by Sandra Hribar on 06 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Facebook is terrible. But Facebook is, at the same time, wonderful. We love it, we hate it. We love to hate it, hate to love it, etc. It is our best friend. It is our worst enemy. Facebook may be friending the world, in other words, but it is also frenemy-ing us, one click at a time. This, according to new research from the Skype-like service Rebtel, which regularly surveys its users about their habits. The company recently queried U.S. users aged 18 and older, garnering responses from 1,632 mobile device owners. Among its questions: What social networking sites cause you the most stress? Which have the most negative effect on your mood? Which have the most positive?  The survey's major finding was unsurprising: Most social networks seem to have very little negative effect on those users' overall moods or stress levels. However: Of the users who did implicate social networks in stress and general mood changes, the overwhelming majority of them pointed their collective fingers at one network in particular: Facebook. Asked "what social network causes you the most stress?," 18.4 percent of Android users and 21.4 percent of iPhone users replied, "Facebook." By comparison, the next-most-named network, Twitter, was called out by only 5.9 percent of Android users and 4.4 percent of iPhone -- and the next-most-named, LinkedIn, clocked in with 4.0 percent and 3.2 percent of users, respectively.
Rebeka Aščerič

Social media followers: Beware the tweeting crowds | The Economist - 0 views

www.economist.com/...social-media-followers

internet ipraktikum social media followers bots

shared by Rebeka Aščerič on 05 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • IF YOU think money can't buy you friends, think again. In the online world, it’s possible to purchase a crowd of fans.
  • To decide whether a follower is human, Mr Camisani Calzolari used various criteria, including the number of posts from a fan’s Twitter account and the use of correct punctuation in tweets. According to this research, by June 2011 nearly half of Twitter followers of computer maker Dell—about 700,000—were bots.
  • On close inspection, a significant proportion of Mr Romney’s followers appeared to be fake profiles.
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  • There is no indication that any of the companies mentioned in Mr Camisani Calzolari’s paper have bought followers—rogue bots often attach themselves to people and brands without payment. But some firms do buy a social media following.
  • For now, the trick works. “Normal people don't know yet that there is this black market. Most have total trust that a brand's followers are real,” says Mr Camisani Calzolari.
mancamikulic

Internet celebrates its 30th birthday - Telegraph - 0 views

www.telegraph.co.uk/...ebrates-its-30th-birthday.html

birthday internet 1983 World Wide Web military project

shared by mancamikulic on 06 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • his January 1 is the internet's 30th birthday.
  • 1960s
  • ''flag day''
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • Engineering
  • Chris Edwards,
  • he importance of what they were doing.
  • ''The internet means there is nowhere and no one in the world you can't reach easily and cheaply.''
  • Donald Davies
  • on January 1 1983.
  • s a military project
  • developed at prestigious American universities and research laboratories
  • PS and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) technology
  • change mass communications
  • January 1 1983
  • the Internet was born
  • Tim Berners-Lee
  • he invented in 1989, known as the World Wide Web
donnamariee

A 'more revolutionary' Web - The New York Times - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...23iht-web.html

shared by donnamariee on 01 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Just when the ideas behind "Web 2.0" are starting to enter into the mainstream, the mass of brains behind the World Wide Web is introducing pieces of what may end up being called Web 3.0. "Twenty years from now, we'll look back and say this was the embryonic period," said Tim Berners-Lee, 50, who established the programming language of the Web in 1989 with colleagues at CERN, the European science institute.
  • To many in technology, Web 2.0 means an Internet that is even more interactive, customized, social and media-intensive - not to mention profitable - than the one of a decade ago.It is a change apparent with multilayered media databases like Google Maps, software programs that run inside Web browsers like the collaboration-friendly word processor Writely, high-volume community forums like MySpace, and so-called social search tools like Yahoo Answers.
  • In this version of the Web, sites, links, media and databases are "smarter" and able to automatically convey more meaning than those of today.For example, Berners-Lee said, a Web site that announces a conference would also contain programming with a lot of related information embedded within it.A user could click on a link and immediately transfer the time and date of the conference to his or her electronic calendar. The location - address, latitude, longitude, perhaps even altitude - could be sent to his or her GPS device, and the names and biographies of others invited could be sent to an instant messenger list.
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  • "There is an obvious place for the semantic Web in life sciences, in medicine, in industrial research," Shadbolt said, and that is where most of the focus is today."We're looking for communities of information users to show them the benefits," he said. "It's an evolutionary process."The big question is whether it will move on next to businesses or consumers, he said. A consequence of an open and diffuse Internet, he noted, is that unexpected outcomes can emerge from unanticipated places.
  • "People keep asking what Web 3.0 is," Berners-Lee said. "I think maybe when you've got an overlay of scalable vector graphics - everything rippling and folding and looking misty - on Web 2.0 and access to a semantic Web integrated across a huge space of data, you'll have access to an unbelievable data resource."Said Sheehan: "I believe the semantic Web will be profound. In time, it will be as obvious as the Web seems obvious to us today."
Mateja Žnidaršič

British internet users double in six years - Telegraph - 0 views

www.telegraph.co.uk/...users-double-in-six-years.html

shared by Mateja Žnidaršič on 06 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • British internet users double in six years
  • The number of British adults using the internet every day has doubled in the last six years, according to new data.
  • In 2012, 33 million adults used the internet daily
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • The most popular online activity was sending and receiving email
  • followed by researching goods and services and reading the news.
  • Social networking activity is lower among older age groups, with just one in 10 over 65s saying that they use social networks.
Blaž Gobec

Why Facebook's new Open Graph makes us all part of the web underclass | Technology | gu... - 1 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...book-open-graph-web-underclass

facebook plans graph opengraph underclass

shared by Blaž Gobec on 01 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • ou're not paying for your presence on the web, then you're
  • just a product being used by an organisation bigger than you
  • When you use a free web service you're the underclass. At best you're a guest. At worst you're a beggar, couchsurfing the web and scavenging for crumbs. It's a cliché but worth repeating: if you're not paying for it, you're aren't the customer, you're the product.
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  • Your individual account is probably worth very little to the service provider, so they'll have no qualms whatsoever with tinkering with the service or even making radical changes in their interests rather than yours. If you don't like it you're welcome to leave. You may well not be able to take your content and data with you, and even if you can, all your URLs will be broken.
  • if you really care about your site you need to run it on your own domain. You need to own your URLs. You'll have total control and no-one can take it away from you. You don't need anyone else. If you put the effort in up front it'll pay off in the long run.But it's no longer that simple.
  • Anyone who's ever run a website knows that building the site is one thing, but getting people to use it is quite another. The smaller your real-world presence the harder it is. If you're a national newspaper or a Hollywood star you probably won't have much trouble getting people to visit your website. If you're a self-employed plumber or an unknown blogger writing in your spare time, it's considerably harder.
  • Social networks have changed all that. Facebook and Twitter now wield enormous power over the web by giving their members ways to find and share information using tools that work in a social context.
  • Either way, your social network presence is more important than your own website.
  • But increasingly that freedom is just the freedom to be ignored, the freedom to starve.
  • es, that's nearly 34,000 new Facebook apps created in one day by customers of just one hosting company.
  • What Facebook is doing is very different. When it records our activity away from the Facebook site it's a third party to the deal. It doesn't need this data to run its own services.
  • orst o
  • all, the way Facebook collects and uses our data is both unpredictable and opaque. Its technology and policies move so quickly you'd need to be a technical and legal specialist and spend an inordinate amount of time researching Facebook's activities on an ongoing basis to have any hope of understanding what they're doing with your data.
anonymous

Facebook and Google join forces to launch new £10m 'Nobel prize' for science ... - 0 views

www.independent.co.uk/...prize-for-science-8505121.html

shared by anonymous on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan are working alongside Google co-founder Sergey Brin and his wife Anne Wojcicki to create the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences. The project's aim is to reward research aimed at extending human life.
  • Russian entrepreneur Yuri Milner asked the group to create the award after deciding to model a prize on a physics award he set up in 2012. To top the line-up of internet greats behind the prize, Apple chairman Art Levinson is heading up the board.
Veronika Lavrenčič

Google Buzz aims to crack the social web - News - Gadgets & Tech - The Independent - 0 views

www.independent.co.uk/...ck-the-social-web-1894974.html

shared by Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Google Buzz aims to crack the social web
  • Google Buzz
  • share messages, web links and photos with friends and colleagues directly within Gmail
  • ...24 more annotations...
  • smartphones based on Google's Android operating system.
  • Google's new technology mimics some of the key features of popular social networking services like Twitter and Facebook
  • Gmail is the third most popular web-based email in the world
  • the large pool of Gmail users.
  • There's always been a giant social network underneath Gmail,"
  • Todd Jackson
  • 176.5 million unique visitors in December
  • Forrester Research social media analyst Augie Ray
  • flag as viewable to everyone
  • utomatically indexed by Google's search engine
  • be available within Google's recently launched real-time search results.
  • users can also keep messages private by sharing only with customized groups of friends and colleagues.
  • users can easily share content from various Google online properties like photo-sharing service Picasa and video site YouTube.
  • Content from certain third-party services such as Twitter can also be shared
  • Buzz is not currently able to display messages that originated on Facebook
  • "The fact that Gmail did not connect and allow broadcasts out to Twitter and Facebook could be a real challenge to them
  • Google hopes to jumpstart its social networking push
  • the Orkut social network in 2004
  • Google has tried to ride the social networking wave before
  • ailed to attract as many users as social giants like Facebook and MySpace in the United States.
  • Google is following in the footsteps of Yahoo
  • has seen lackluster results according to analysts.
  • Google appears to be putting a heavy emphasis on mobile and location-based capabilities
  • a special mobile application for Buzz that will run on smartphones based on Google's Android software, Windows Mobile and the Symbian operating system.
  • Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13
     
    Kako si Google prizadeva ustvariti podobno socialno omrežje, kot sta Facebook in Twitter.
Veronika Lavrenčič

The Arpanet, Ethernet Explained | Article by Sonet Digital - 0 views

www.southbourne.com/...arpanet

shared by Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Arpanet, Ethernet
  • Part: 2
  • Larry Roberts
  • ...27 more annotations...
  • linking computers via telephone lines
  • university and research sites would be connected
  • to build Interface Message Processors
  • smaller computers
  • File Transfer Protocol
  • to handle the interfacing between their hosts and the Network
  • ARPANET in 1969
  • The '70s saw the emergence of the first networks
  • o facilitate communications
  • Network Control Protocol (NCP)
  • a user-transparent mechanism for sharing files between host computers
  • the first Terminal Interface Processor (TIP) is implemented
  • common language
  • 1972 Vinton Cerf is called to the chairmanship
  • Inter-Networking Group (INWG)
  • to develop standards for the ARPANET
  • NCP communications system
  • TCP (Transmission-Control Protocol)
  • Users at various sites could log on to the Network and request data from a number of host computers
  • They conceived of a protocol that could be adopted by all gateway computers and hosts alike
  • In this way different networks could be linked together to form a network of networks
  • By the late '70s the final protocol was developed - TCP/IP (Internet Protocol) - which would become the standard for internet communications.
  • Bob Metcalfe's: Ethernet
  • packet switching networks
  • a dissertation on the ARPANET
  • marketed his invention as Ethernet
  • the '80s witnessed the explosion of Local Area Networks (LANs)
  • Veronika Lavrenčič on 07 Mar 13
     
    Drugi del serije člankov. 
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