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katherine-medina

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Exchange with Artificial CSF Enriched with Mesenchymal Stem C... - 2 views

  • Moreover, toxicity of the CSF from patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases has been reported
  • Moreover, toxicity of the CSF from patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases has been reported
    • katherine-medina
       
      Good to note.
  • A beneficial effect was also demonstrated under Aβ neurotoxicity in PC12 cells
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • n humans, it was reported that filtration of the CSF was beneficial in Guillain-Barré syndrome [
    • katherine-medina
       
      interesting that filtering the liquid can help people.
  • . MSCs produce a variety of neurogenic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory agents [15,16,17,18,19,20,21], and have been shown to induce beneficial effects when transplanted in EAE-mice [22,23,24,25], stroke [26,27], traumatic brain injury [28], Parkinson’s disease [29], schizophrenia, and autism [30,31] as well as increased neurogenesis in adult mice
  • Moreover, no studies using biologically enriched-aCSF for exchanging the CSF have been published.
    • katherine-medina
       
      That makes me want to search hard for studies that do involve the transfer, however I would have to figure out a way to create an experiment around this base idea of artificial CSF.
  • Artifical cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) enriched with secretions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) increases cell viability of PC12 and SH-SY5Y neuronal cell lines
  • While secretions of 2 days growing 10 or 100 K/mL MSCs in aCSF did not show an increase in PC12 cell viability
    • katherine-medina
       
      HMMM.... that is utterly fascinating the fact that after 2 days there seemed to be no change amongst the cell viability for both the 10 and 100 ml aCSF.
  • etions of 5 days growing MSCs in aCSF did show a significant increase in the PC12 cell viability relative to unenriched-aCSF treated cells
  • The principle of CSF exchange is similar to plasma exchange by plasmapheresis, which is in use for the treatment of autoimmune disorders
    • katherine-medina
       
      Did not know that it was similar to plasmapheresis.
  • a significant increase in cell viability was noticed in the enriched-aCSF (
  • A similar trend of increased cell viability by enriched-aCSF treatment was noticed in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2, but without reaching a statistical significance
  • while cell viability was reduced under Aβ, a significant increase in cell viability was noted in the enriched-aCSF treated cells
  • significantly suppressed in spleen lymphocytes treated with the enriched-aCSF compared to lymphocytes treated with (unenriched-) aCSF
    • katherine-medina
       
      This limiting of the lymphocytes is most likely a good thing under the guise of this paper because the suppression of lymphocytes likely helps with certain autoimmune disorders.
  • These results show that the “in/out” enriched-aCSF therapy was the most effective one, affecting both time of onset (EAE-control mice develop the disease at day 10 while the treated mice at day 14 post induction) and disease progression
  • Prolonged amelioration of EAE clinical symptoms during prolonged CSF exchange therapy: (in/out) enriched-aCSF protocol was more effective than (in) enriched-aCSF and (in/out) aCSF.
  • A trend of less demyelination in the LFB staining in the (in/out) enriched-aCSF treated- mice relative to the EAE-control mic
  • Our results show that elimination of endogenous CSF, and its replacement with MSC secretions enriched-aCSF ((in/out)-enriched-aCSF), delayed EAE onset and reduced the clinical score with indications of reduced axonal damage and demyelination.
  • in vitro and in vivo, has shown that MSCs can promote survival and axonal myelination in sensory dorsal root ganglia neurons and may be effective in non-inflammatory models of demyelination [
  • MSCs transplantation alone has been applied and tested with strong indications of beneficial effects in animal models of MS [22,23,24,25], stroke [26,27], traumatic brain injury [28], PD [29], schizophrenia, and autism
  • showing that local (intraventricular) transplantation of MSCs is more effective than intravenous administration
  • The feasibility of CSF exchange therapy reported here in the EAE model might possibly be applied to other neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS.
  • our approach of CSF exchange therapy could be beneficial for fully developed neurological diseases through a repeated application of the proposed CSF exchange protocol
    • katherine-medina
       
      A good thing to recognize and note for future reference.
  • 5. Conclusions
  •  
    This is a more recent study about the effects of artificial CSF infused with MSC in mice.
Hannah Herrera

Growing blood stem cells in the lab to save lives -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • Hematopoietic stem cells
  • bone marrow is damaged and no longer able to produce healthy blood cells
  • Though cytokines were once believed to be indispensable for ex vivo HSC growth, the research team hypothesized other new approaches as suitable alternatives.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • ompound called UM171,
  • specific polymer, improved the results by supporting long-term HSC expansion.
katherine-medina

Anti-inflammatory effects and possible mechanism of action of lupeol acetate isolated f... - 0 views

  • The latex collected from its stem bark is used for several purposes including anti-inflammatory properties and presents among its bioactive constituents the pentacyclic triterpene lupeol.
  • administered with LA,
    • katherine-medina
       
      they were trying to see if it could work as a prevenatitive treatment
  • carrageenan and dextran,
    • katherine-medina
       
      This causes inflammation
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • the effect of a very low dose of LA (0.1 mg/kg) was potentiated by the same dose of pentoxifylline (PTX), a known TNF-alpha inhibitor. L
    • katherine-medina
       
      Essentially once they put pentoxifylline into the rat the LA activated.
  • The anti-inflammatory effect of LA probably involves the opioid system, as indicated by the complete blockade of the opioid antagonist naloxone
    • katherine-medina
       
      So, the LA helped the body with inflammation due to its interaction with the opioid system.
  • rich in triterpenes
  • Carrageenan-induced mice paw edema
    • katherine-medina
       
      Cool to understand that these next two paragraphs are about how to induce inflammation
  • LA (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced both phases of the formalin test, and the results were significant at the two higher doses. However, the effects were mainly on the 2nd phase with 61% inhibition, whereas the 1st phase was inhibited by 41% at the LA dose of 50 mg/kg, i.p. The naloxone pretreatment completely reversed the LA effect, in the 1st and 2nd phases, indicating the participation of the opioid system in LA antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions.
  • LA injected 30 min before carrageenan significantly decreased the carrageenan-induced neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. The LA inhibitory effect against carrageenan-induced migration was about 52, 79 and 90%, at the doses of 1, 10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p., respectively
  • On the other hand, while no significant enzyme release was observed with LA at the concentrations of 1, 10 and 25 μg/mL, a small but significant LDH release (around 2 times) was detected with the higher LA concentration (50 μg/mL), probably related to the presence of 0.2% Tween 80.
  • The results show that LA at the concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL presents no radical scavenging capacity. On the contrary, vitamin E used as the reference drug significantly decreased the absorbance value, as related to controls
    • katherine-medina
       
      LA can sadly not kill the free radicals that tend to disrupt and kill DNA and other parts of the cell.
  • In the carrageenan-treated groups pretreated with LA (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.), there were significant reductions of iNOS expressing cells.
  • Lupeol is found in several other species and its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities have been already demonstrated [24–28]. It is accepted that the anti-inflammatory property of lupeol often accompany its immune modulatory and anti-tumor action
  • lupeol acetate presents an anti-inflammatory activity by regulating TNF-alpha and IL-2 specific mRNA, besides upregulating the synthesis of IL-10 mRNA [31].
  • In the present work, we showed that lupeol acetate (LA, 93.2% purity) isolated from the H. drasticus latex presented a potent anti-inflammatory action, in several models of inflammation in mice
  • These authors concluded that lupeol possessed an anti-inflammatory activity which is probably related to its ability to prevent the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α and IL-1β.
  •  
    This study is a good one to go back to if you are curious about alternative types of anti-inflammatory plants.
  •  
    The carrageenan here (and the fact that you seem interested in the biochemical realm) made me think of a supplement my mom recently asked me to scope out for her (Arteriosil). It also contains a seaweed extract (rhamnan sulfate) Her doctor was recommending it for macular degeneration. Here is the product: https://shop.calroy.com/product/arterosilhp/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw7aqkBhDPARIsAKGa0oKoQchIRSlzL1_PikNwT71f1BmUVgbIM7sXUQS_lJKaGVSCT4O5R7EaAmaUEALw_wcB Here is one study from the NIH: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32344720/
katherine-medina

The-ethics-of-experimenting-with-human-brain-tissue.pdf - 0 views

  •  
    A study that raises interesting questions on the ethics of growing human brain tissue.
Hannah Herrera

Can investigators use household dust as a forensic tool? -- ScienceDaily - 1 views

  • we don't know how long an individual has to stay in a household before they leave DNA traces in household dust."
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