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Medieval education in Europe: Schools & Universities - 0 views

www.lostkingdom.net/medieval-education-in-europe quest4 education middleages
shared by Garth Holman on 10 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • It is estimated that by 1330, only 5% of the total population of Europe received any sort of education
  • Even then education, as we understand it, was not accessible or even desired by everyone. Schools were mostly only accessible to the sons of high lords of the land.
  • In most kingdoms in Europe, education was overseen by the church.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The very fact that the curriculum was structured by the church gave it the ability to mould the students to follow its doctrine
  • Unofficially, education started from a very young age. This sort of early education depended on the feudal class of the child’s parents
  • Even the children of serfs would be taught the skills needed to survive by their parents. The boys would be taken out into the fields to observe and to help their parents with easy tasks, while the girls would work with the animals at home, in the vegetable garden with their mothers, or watch them weave.
  • Children of craftsmen and merchants were educated from a very young age in the trade of their fathers. Trade secrets rarely left a family and they had to be taught and understood by all male (and unusually, female) heirs, in order to continue the family legacy.
  • Young boys of noble birth would learn how to hunt and swing a weapon, while the young ladies of nobility would learn how to cook
  • The main subject of study in those schools was Latin (reading and writing). In addition to this, students were also taught rhetoric – the art of public speaking and persuasion – which was a very useful tool for both men of the cloth and nobles alike.
  • Lessons frequently started at sunrise and finished at sunset
  • University education, across the whole of the continent, was a luxury to which only the wealthiest and brightest could ever aspire
  • Since the creation of the first university in 1088
  • Students attended the Medieval University at different ages, ranging from 14 (if they were attending Oxford or Paris to study the Arts) to their 30s (if they were studying Law in Bologna)
  • The dynamic between students and teachers in a medieval university was significantly different from today. In the University of Bologna students hired and fired teachers by consensus. The students also bargained as a collective regarding fees, and threatened teachers with strikes if their demands were not met
  • A Master of Arts degree in the medieval education system would have taken six years; a Bachelor of Arts degree would be awarded after completing the third or fourth year. By “Arts” the degree was referring to the seven liberal arts – arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory, grammar, logic, and rhetoric
  • The sons of the peasants could only be educated if the lord of the manor had given his permission
  • Any family caught having a son educated without permission was heavily fined
  • Historians today believe that this policy was another way in which authority figures attempted to control the peasants, since an educated peasant/villein might prove to question the way things were done and upset the balance of power which kept the nobles strong.
  • Students held the legal status of clerics which, according to the Canon Law, could not be held by women; women were therefore not admitted into universities.
  • Garth Holman on 10 Feb 16
     
    This explains the importance of education and how each group got an education.
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How to use QuickTime Player - Apple Support - 0 views

support.apple.com/HT201066 Middleages
shared by as21dcs on 09 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • RecordQuickTime Player can record a movie from your camera, or record the screen of your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. It can also record audio from a microphone or record the screen of your Mac.  Record a movieMovie recording works with your built-in camera and many external cameras. If you're using OS X Yosemite or later, you can also record the screen of any iOS device (iPhone, iPad, iPod touch) with a Lightning port and iOS 8 or later.  Choose File > New Movie Recording. To change the recording settings, click the arrow next to the Record button. Then choose your camera or iOS device, microphone, and recording quality.
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The Middle Ages - 2 views

www.learner.org/...morefeud.html quest3
shared by adh21dcs on 04 Feb 16 - Cached
  • Peasants worked t
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Medieval Tournaments - 1 views

www.medieval-life-and-times.info/...medieval-tournaments.htm Middleages Tournaments
shared by Kanrry K on 17 Feb 15 - Cached
  • Kanrry K on 17 Feb 15
     
    Good website for tournaments.
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Medieval Life | HistoryOnTheNet - 1 views

www.historyonthenet.com/...medievallifemain.htm Middleages overview family education daily life
shared by Garth Holman on 08 Dec 14 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 08 Dec 14
     
    Overview of the Middle Ages.
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Ten Medieval Inventions that Changed the World - 2 views

www.medievalists.net/...ieval-inventions-changed-world quest7 technology middleages inventions
shared by Garth Holman on 01 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 01 Sep 14
     
    How do these ten inventions of the middle ages impact us today?
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Renaissance -- Out of the Middle Ages - 2 views

www.learner.org/...middleages_sub.html Middleages history greek middle ages rome renaissance
shared by hmcphillips h on 19 Apr 12 - Cached
  • more than enough money to meet their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter.
  • leisure time to spend on education and entertainment.
  • As the fortunes of merchants, bankers, and tradespeople improved, they had more than enough money to meet their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. They began to desire larger, more luxurious homes, fine art for these residences, sumptuous clothing to show off their wealth in public, and exotic delicacies to eat. These desires of the middle class stimulated the economy.
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • leisure time to spend on education and entertainment.
  • Bankers and accountants needed to understand arithmetic
  • knowledge of foreign currencies and languages
  • Reading was essential for anyone who needed to understand a contract.
  • reading for pleasure, learning to play musical instruments, and studying a variety of topics unrelated to their businesses.
  • Bankers and accountants needed to understand arithmetic. Those trading with other countries needed a knowledge of foreign currencies and languages. Reading was essential for anyone who needed to understand a contract.
  • Many Italian coastal cities became centers for trade and commerce, and for the wealth and education that ensued.
  • the Medici family, made their wealth as business people
  • Many Italian coastal cities became centers for trade and commerce, and for the wealth and education that ensued.
  • Florence.
  • made their wealth as business people
  • Medicis had the appearance of nobility.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 19 Apr 12
       
      So, what did the creation of a middle class do to society? How did it change society?  And how did their spending impact others?  Why is a strong middle class important today? 
    • jashapiro j
      jashapiro j on 11 Apr 14
       
      The creation of the middle class stimulated society by having the new wealthier middle class buy expensive things. This impacted others because it made jobs for bankers (which led to learning math,) and made people around them want to buy more too. It is important to have a middle class today so we can have a balance.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 19 Apr 12
       
      What do banks do today?   How do banks help people today?  They want do you think banks did to make peoples lives better in the 1450's? 
    • jwoomer j
      jwoomer j on 11 Apr 14
       
      Banks help people today by holding peoples money for them so they don't lose it or so that it doesn't get stolen as easily. Also, banks help you balance out your budget so you don't over spend. 
    • cglosser c
      cglosser c on 11 Apr 14
       
      Compared to banks today, banks earned people money, not hold on to it.
  • They lived in beautiful homes, employed great artists, and engaged in intellectual pursuits for both business and pleasure.
  • One of the cities that exemplified these new trends was Florence.
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Kids Biography: Marco Polo - 0 views

www.ducksters.com/...marco_polo.php Marco Polo Middleages history greek middle ages rome
shared by hmcphillips h on 11 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • lived in China for many years and learned to speak the language
  • The Silk Road referred to a number of trade routes between major cities and trading posts that went all the way from Eastern Europe to Northern China.
  • Marco Polo was a merchant and explorer who traveled throughout the Far East and China for much of his life.
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Medieval Castles and Sieges - YouTube - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch Knights War Middleages Sieges Quest7 Quest8
shared by Garth Holman on 04 Mar 14 - No Cached
  • Garth Holman on 04 Mar 14
     
    How are castles built to protect people?
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Medicine in the Middle Ages - 0 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/edicine_in_the_middle_ages.htm Quest7 medical middleages
shared by Garth Holman on 28 Feb 14 - Cached
  • the momentum started by these people tended to stagnate and it did not develop at the same pace until the Seventeenth/Eighteenth Centuries.
  • In Britain, as an example, most things linked to the Romans was destroyed – villas were covered up as the Ancient Britons believed that they contained ghosts and evil spirits. With this approach, it is not surprising that anything medical linked to the Romans fell into disuse in Britain.
  • Dissections of human bodies were carried out in these universities so anyone wanting to study medicine in the Middle Ages was not totally ignorant of facts about the human body.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • However, medicine became steeped in superstition and the Roman Catholic Church effectively dominated what direction the medical world took. Any views different from the established Roman Catholic Church view could veer towards heresy with the punishments that entailed
  • when the Roman Catholic Church stated that illnesses were punishments from God and that those who were ill were so because they were sinners, few argued otherwise.
  • Urine charts were also used to help physicians diagnose illnesses. Certain coloured urine indicated certain illnesses. Combined with a table of the planets, these gave physicians enough information to diagnose a disease. Once the disease had been diagnosed, a treatment was decided on.
  • letting blood.
  • Blood letting was a popular treatment for many diseases. Many diseases were thought to be caused by an excess of blood in the body and blood letting was seen as the obvious cure. When a large quantity of blood was required, the appropriate vein was cut. If only a small amount was needed, a leech would be used.
  • Diagnosis was also influenced by astrology
  • They believed that the human body and the planets were made up of the same four elements (earth, fire, air and water). For the body to operate well, all four elements had to be in harmony with no imbalances. It was believed that the Moon had the greatest influence on fluids on Earth and that it was the Moon that had the ability to affect positively or negatively the four elements in your body. Where the Moon and planets were – and a knowledge of this - was considered important when making a diagnosis and deciding on a course of treatment.
  • Remedies for diseases were still crude and based on herbs, potions or more drastic cures.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 28 Feb 14
       
      Heresy: is speaking out against the Roman Catholic Church and punishable by Death or excommunication.  How many people who do that?  
  • Garth Holman on 28 Feb 14
     
    Medical thoughts of middle ages.
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Thomas Becket - 0 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/thomas_becket.htm becket Quest5 middleages
shared by Garth Holman on 21 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • In Medieval England the Church was all powerful.
  • The fear of going to Hell was very real and people were told that only the Catholic Church could save your soul so that you could go to Heaven.
  • in the church in Medieval England was the Archbishop of Canterbury and both he and the king usually worked together. 
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • No-one was surprised by Henry’s choice as both he and Thomas were very good friends. They enjoyed hunting, playing jokes and socialising together. Becket was known to be a lover of wine and a good horse rider. Henry II loved to ride as well but his personality was troubled by his fearsome temper. He tried to keep his temper under control by working very hard as it distracted him from things that might sparked off his temper.
  • excommunicating him
  • For people in England , there was always the real problem - do you obey the king or the pope
  • Henry II also controlled a lot of France at this time. William the Conqueror had been his great-grandfather and he had inherited his French territories as a result of this. When Henry was in France sorting out problems there, he left Becket in charge of England - such was his trust in him. Becket became Henry’s chancellor - the most important position in England after the king.
  • Henry saw the chance to give his close friend even more power by appointing him Archbishop of Canterbury - the most important church position in England.
  • Henry hoped that by appointing his good friend Becket, he might have more of a say in how the Church punished offenders. He hoped that Becket would do as he wished and toughen up the sentences passed out by Church courts.
  • The post of Archbishop changed Becket. He dropped his luxurious lifestyle; he ate bread and drank water, he had a luxury bed but preferred to sleep on the floor; he wore the rich clothes of an archbishop, but underneath the fine tunics he wore a horse hair shirt - very itchy and unpleasant to wear. He gave his expensive food to the poor.
  • Becket asked the pope to excommunicate the Archbishop of York who had taken sides with the king.
  • He is said to have shouted out "will no-one rid me of this troublesome priest ?" Four knights heard what Henry had shouted and took it to mean that the king wanted Becket dead. They rode to Canterbury to carry out the deed. The knights were Reginald FitzUrse, William de Tracey, Hugh de Morville and Richard le Breton. On December 29th 1170 they killed Becket in Canterbury Cathedral. After killing him, one of the knights said "Let us away. He will rise no more."
  • Becket’s body was still on the cathedral floor when people from Canterbury came in and tore off pieces of his clothes and then dipped these pieces in his blood. They believed that they would bring them luck and keep evil away.
  • Where Becket died quickly became a place of pilgrimage.
  • Henry II asked the pope for forgiveness and he walked bare foot to Canterbury to pray at the spot where Becket was killed. Monks whipped him while he prayed.
  • It took 21 carts to remove the valuables from Becket’s shrine at Canterbury Cathedral.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 21 Feb 14
       
      What does excommunicating him mean? 
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 21 Feb 14
       
      Yes, why would he do this?  Why would he pick a friend to the second most powerful position in England? 
3More

The Middle Ages -- More About Homes - 1 views

www.learner.org/...morehome.html
shared by aelepele a on 12 Feb 14 - Cached
  • Fenestral windows, with lattice frames that were covered in a fabric soaked in resin and tallow, allowed in light, kept out drafts, and could be removed in good weather. Only the wealthy could afford panes of glass; sometimes only churches and royal residences had glass windows.
  • In peasant families, the wife did the cooking and baking.
  • The peasant diet consisted of breads, vegetables from their own gardens, dairy products from their own sheep, goats, and cows, and pork from their own livestock.
7More

The Middle Ages -- Arts & Entertainment - 0 views

www.learner.org/...artsentr.html Middle Ages Entertainment
shared by azheng a on 12 Feb 14 - Cached
  • rt and mu
  • sic were critical aspects of medieval religious life
  • Singing without instrumental accompaniment was an essential part of church services. Monks and priests chanted the divine offices and the mass daily.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Some churches had instruments such as organs and bells. The organistrum or symphony (later known as a hurdy gurdy) was also found in churches. Two people were required to play this stringed instrument--one to turn the crank and the other to play the keys.
  • Medieval drama grew out of the liturgy, beginning in about the eleventh century.
  • hese dramas were performed with costumes and musical instruments and at first took place directly outside the church. Later they were staged in marketplaces, where they were produced by local guilds.
  • azheng a on 12 Feb 14
     
    Arts and entertainment in the middle ages.
2More

Medieval Peasant Cottage - YouTube - 2 views

www.youtube.com/watch quest4 peasant homes middleages
shared by Garth Holman on 19 Jan 12 - No Cached
  • Kalina P on 19 Jan 12
     
    Great for Peasants to find out how their cottage/house was built
  • Garth Holman on 12 Feb 14
     
    How was a peasant cottage made? Check out this explanation in youtube for 3:18
6More

Medieval Clothing - 0 views

www.medieval-life.net/clothing.htm Middle ages middleages fashion Medieval
shared by glever g on 12 Feb 14 - Cached
  • The clothing of peasants during the Middle Ages was very simple, while the clothing of nobility was fitted with a distinct emphasis on the sleeves of the garments. Knights adorned themselves with sleeveless "surcoats" covered with a coat of arms. Barbarian nomads wore clothing made of fur, wool, and leather. They wore long trousers, some of which had attached feet. Fine leather shoes were also worn. Imports such as turbans and silks from the East were common for the more fortunate of society.
  • As with today, clothing styles of medieval men changed periodically
  • At the end of the 13th century, the once loose and flowing tunics became tighter fitting. Besides tunics, the men also wore undershirts and briefs covered by a sleeveless jacket and an additional tunic. Stockings completed the ensemble. Men's medieval clothing also consisted of cloaks with a round opening that was slipped over the man's head. Such cloaks were worn over other clothing as a type of "jacket"
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • kirtles
  • which were tunics worn to their ankles
  • Women, especially those who were married, wore tight-fitting caps and nets over their hair, which was wound in a "bun" on their heads. Other women wore veils over their hair, which was left either hanging loosely, or braided tightly.
3More

The Middle Ages | Feudalism - 3 views

westernreservepublicmedia.org/...feud_peasants.htm
shared by asolomon a on 18 Jan 12 - Cached
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 18 Jan 12
       
      Corn and tomatoes are not correct. Both these items are from North or South America and not found in Europe until after Columbus in the early 1500's, so this is wrong. 
  • Because they were poor, their clothing was usually rough wool or linen. The women wove the fabric and made the clothes. Peasants generally had only one set of clothing and it almost never was washed.
  • The most common colors for peasant clothing were brown, red or gray.
12More

Inside a Medieval Castle - 1 views

www.medievalfayre.com/index.php castle middleages quest4 quest7
shared by Garth Holman on 05 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • The rooms where the lord of a castle, his family and his knights lived and ate and slept were in the Keep (called the Donjon), the rectangular tower inside the walls of a castle. This was meant to be the strongest and safest place.
  • The outer wall of a castle was called Bailey. This was where buildings for the castle's cattle, horses and servants lived. Some of the soldiers needed to defend the castle might live in part of the gatehouse known as the Barbican.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 05 Feb 13
       
      What is a siege? 
    • mluxenburg m
      mluxenburg m on 12 Feb 14
       
      A Siege is an Attack on a castle.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • There were kitchens and pantries where food was stored for everyday preparation. The Great Hall and the bedchambers were there too.
  • The Great Hall
  • The Bedchamber
  • Kitchen
  • A wealthy knight, his family and guests ate well. Unlike most people, they had plenty of meat like deer, goose and rabbit. On Fridays and Holy Days meat was forbidden by the church, so they ate fish or eels. If there was a special feast, the people working in the kitchens would prepare wild boar, roast swan, or even roast peacock, served with all its feathers as decoration. Some of these would be caught by the lord of the castle and his friends while out hunting with their hawks.
  • Many castles had stone toilets built over holes in the outer walls. These emptied into a pit way below.
  • Medieval castles did not have running water, yet people did like to bathe at least once a year. In some castles there was a room next to the kitchen where they bathed in groups. The lord might have hot water brought to his bedchamber and poured into a big wooden tub, where he sat on a low stool in. The water might have perfume or rose leaves sprinkled in it. Soap was made of sheep fat with ashes and soda. Teeth were cleaned by scraping them with a hazel twig and rubbing them with a woollen cloth.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 05 Feb 13
       
      SEE NEXT PAGE FOR OUTSIDE OF THE CASTLE. 
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