The return to favor of the pagan classics
stimulated the philosophy of secularism, the appreciation of worldly pleasures, and above
all intensified the assertion of personal independence and individual expression. Zeal for
the classics was a result as well as a cause of the growing secular view of life.
Expansion of trade, growth of prosperity and luxury, and widening social contacts
generated interest in worldly pleasures, in spite of formal allegiance to ascetic
Christian doctrine. Men thus affected -- the humanists -- welcomed classical writers who
revealed similar social values and secular attitudes.
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