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The present study evaluated, using a well-controlled dehydration protocol, the effects of 24 h fluid deprivation (FD) on selected mood and physiological parameters. In the present cross-over study, twenty healthy women (age 25 (SE 0·78) years) participated in two randomised sessions: FD-induced dehydration v. a fully hydrated control condition. In the FD period, the last water intake was between 18.00 and 19.00 hours and no beverages were allowed until 18.00 hours on the next day (23-24 h). Water intake was only permitted at fixed periods during the control condition. Physiological parameters in the urine, blood and saliva (osmolality) as well as mood and sensations (headache and thirst) were compared across the experimental conditions. Safety was monitored throughout the study. The FD protocol was effective as indicated by a significant reduction in urine output. No clinical abnormalities of biological parameters or vital signs were observed, although heart rate was increased by FD. Increased urine specific gravity, darker urine colour and increased thirst were early markers of dehydration. Interestingly, dehydration also induced a significant increase in saliva osmolality at the end of the 24 h FD period but plasma osmolality remained unchanged. The significant effects of FD on mood included decreased alertness and increased sleepiness, fatigue and confusion. The most consistent effects of mild dehydration on mood are on sleep/wake parameters. Urine specific gravity appears to be the best physiological measure of hydration status in subjects with a normal level of activity; saliva osmolality is another reliable and noninvasive method for assessing hydration status.

During pregnancy, the lady undergoes several physiological changes, that ar entirely traditional. Levels of progestin and estrogens rise regularly throughout pregnancy.

Breathing isn't a mere physiological process. It supplies oxygen to the system and is vital for basic functioning. So if breathing is so important, why not do it the right way? Read on to learn 3 very simple breathing exercises that can improve brain function

Researchers at Stanford University in the US have developed new sensors that can be adhered to the skin for wireless monitoring of health. The sensors are designed to identify the physiological signals that the skin emanates, such as pulse. These readings will be wirelessly transmitted to a receiver clipped onto clothing. The sensor and receiver system has been named BodyNet.

Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience as well as thought. It is an academic discipline and a social science which seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases. In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors.

There are a number of physiological and emotional factors that are responsible for lack of concentration.

With meditation, the physiology undergoes a change and every cell in the body is filled with more energy. This results in joy, peace, enthusiasm as the level of energy in the body increases. Research has shown reduction in the stress levels and better decision making. This, in turn, leads to higher #efficiency at work place or school.

Initial weeks are very hectic for the newborns and their mothers, because in this phase, infants are trying to adapt the new things from the surrounding.

Initial weeks are very hectic for the newborns and their mothers, because in this phase, infants are trying to adapt the new things from the surrounding.

Hiccups are an uncontrollable reflex of the human body. What exactly goes on within the body to generate this weird sound is highly debated. The fact that hiccups can be heard and seen from fetuses suggests that the central circuit involved in producing hiccups...

Hiccups are unwanted contractions of the diaphragm - the muscle that participates in breathing. Although evolutionary scientists have a few theories, the exact cause and purpose of hiccups is unknown. They remain a unique and age-old feature of the human physiology that continues to elude scientists to this day.

Are you living your life in depression? If yes then there is a chance you can lose your memory. There are types, symptoms & causes of Amnesia / Memory loss

Amnesia is commonly known as memory loss. The reason of memory loss can be an emotional or physiological disorder, drugs abusement or Brian injuries. The memory loss can be temporary or permanent but mostly refers to temporary memory loss.

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