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This paper examines both the potential of and barriers to grid-scale energy storage playing a substantive role in transitioning to an efficient, reliable and cost-effective power system with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. Grid-scale storage is a term that describes a number of different technologies with a wide range of characteristics. This versatility leads to the use of storage to perform a number of grid-services. We first enumerate these services, with an emphasize on those that are best suited to mitigate the effects of uncertainty and variability associated with intermittent, non-dispatchable renewable energy sources. We then provide an overview of the current methods to evaluate grid-integrated storage, summarize key findings, and highlight ongoing challenges to large-scale adoption of grid-scale energy storage. We focus on one particular area that is critical to both the efficient use of energy storage in the power grid and its long-term economic viability: the conflict between the technical benefits of this resource, which can provide both power and energy related grid-services (in some cases simultaneously), and the economic challenges of compensating these services within the current market structures. We then examine recent progress in addressing these issues through regulatory changes and other initiatives designed to mitigate previous market failures. This discussion is followed by some remarks about ongoing regulatory and market design challenges. The paper closes with a summary of the ideas presented and a discussion of critical research needs.

Advanced Rail Energy Storage (ARES), is a Santa Barbara, California based company, providing a deployable solution for grid-scale energy storage. ARES mission is to enable the electric grid to integrate unprecedented amounts of clean, environmentally responsible, renewable energy while maintaining the reliable electric service necessary to power growth and prosperity. Since it's founding in February 2010, ARES has developed and filed both domestic and international patents for an advanced method of utility-scale electrical storage. ARES facilities are designed to: provide grid security and reliability; support the increased use of renewable technologies, and to provide an energy storage solution that does not rely on water.

After premiering its 2.5-megawatt, 120-meter rotor Brilliant wind turbine in February, GE is now announcing the commercial installation of the first three models that will integrate energy storage capability.

Due to the prohibitive cost of storing electricity on a major scale, short-term power markets are relied on to balance generation and load on a 24/7 basis.  These markets typically take the form of a day-ahead market that provides a preliminary forecast of the next day’s power generation and consumption, and a real-time market, which is used to balance the actual generation to load.

The facility is being built in the UK for E.ON at Holford, Cheshire, UK, and will store gas in eight salt caverns deep underground. The processing plant consists of several gas compressors which optimise the pressure of gas stored and withdrawn from the caverns into the National Grid Transmission System. Designed to hold over 160 million cubic metres of gas, the plant will be controlled by ABB Extended Automation System 800xA and integrated with the telecoms systems providing a single point of access and control for operational personnel.