ECONOMIA DOS TRANSPORTES

Travel habits need to change! The Greater Christchurch Travel Demand Management Strategy (GC TDMS) has been developed to manage increasing traffic growth, by encouraging people to make the most of the existing transport network and increase the use of walking, cycling, public transport and car pooling. Traffic growth is forecast to increase by 27% by 2026 leading to more congestion, longer travel times, greater travel costs and more pollution. Travel demand management (TDM) is about encouraging people to travel differently, by walking, cycling, using public transport and car pooling. TDM does not require people to completely stop using their cars. If every household in Greater Christchurch made one fewer trip by car each week this would stop traffic growth. The Urban Development Strategy (UDS) partners, (Christchurch City Council, Waimakariri and Selwyn District Council, Environment Canterbury and the New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA)) have jointly developed the strategy and action plan. The Strategy and Action plan was accepted by the UDS Implementation Committee (UDSIC) in June 2009. To ensure consistency amongst the partners the UDSIC recommended that each council adopt the Strategy and Action Plan. The Christchurch City Council did this in July 2009. Changing the way preople travel will take time, and the actions in the strategy will coincide with infrastructure improvements, including public transport, cycling and walking facilities. Walking and cycling are easy forms of exercise that can be part of everyday life - and can help keep people healthy. To find out more read these documents

WHO/Europe Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT). This tool is designed to help you conduct an economic assessment of the health benefits of walking or cycling by estimating the value of reduced mortality that results from specified amounts of walking or cycling. The tool can be used in a number of different situations, for example: when planning a new piece of cycling or walking infrastructure. HEAT attaches a value to the estimated level of cycling or walking when the new infrastructure is in place. This can be compared to the costs of implementing different interventions to produce a benefit-cost ratio (and help to make the case for investment) to value the reduced mortality from past and/or current levels of cycling or walking, such as to a specific workplace, across a city or in a country. It can also be used to illustrate economic consequences from a potential future change in levels of cycling or walking. to provide input into more comprehensive economic appraisal exercises, or prospective health impact assessments. For example, to estimate the mortality benefits from achieving targets to increase cycling or walking, or from the results of an intervention project. More information is available at http://www.euro.who.int/HEAT Start using HEAT for walking Start using HEAT for cycling

I am please to be able to invite you to the 2012 Australian Cycling Conference held in Adelaide on the 16th and 17th January 2012, with the theme of Cities for Cycling. The Australian Cycling Conference is Australia's longest running annual cycling conference and is the only forum to have the core aims of advancing and promoting rigorous research into cycling.  It is also Australia's most affordable and inclusive cycling conference with the two day conference costing only $290 (students discounts and one day passes available - please see our website for details). The conference attracts professionals from academia, government, private industry and community groups, from the varied fields of transport planning, engineering, health policy, geography, urban planning, sociology and environmental and spatial sciences. The Australian Cycling Conference is also proud to confirm Fiona Campbell (City of Sydney) as its Keynote Speaker for the 2012 conference. Fiona is the Manager Cycling Strategy at City of Sydney and will be presenting on her experiences and the challenges (and successes) in developing Cities for Cycling. The Conference will also be opened by Tim Horton, the Commissioner for Integrated Design in the Department of Premier and Cabinet. We are also able to confirm the inclusion of a delegation of representatives from the Road Traffic Management agency in Nigeria, including the President of the West African Road Safety Organization who will be given opportunity throughout the conference to provide insight into cities for cycling from a different perspective. The Conference is fortunate to have such high calibre presenters and delegates, and we hope that you will join us at the conference and contribute to developing an energetic and positive network of professionals dealing with local, national and international cycling issues. Registration and other conference details can be found at the Australian Cycling Conference Website at www.australiancyclingconferen

Getting people walking will help build support for creation of more walkable places, decrease air pollution and traffic congestion, improve physical health, and other benefits. Research reveals that creating places for walking (such as walking trails) and other forms of physical activity may be associated with increased physical activity. Below is a list of ideas that a walking coalition or partnership may select from to get going. If there is not yet an established coalition in your community, then find out more about how to build a coalition. The ideas below can be used to inspire and motivate people to get out of their cars and walk. 1. Make walking part of the business: walk at work programs Partner with large employers to design and publicize routes to walk on the business campus, give time for walking during the day or foster walking groups. One example is Berkeley's walking groups for employees. Some employers also offer incentives for physical activity through their insurance provider. For example, Blue Cross/Blue Shield members in North Carolina's State Health Plan can earn free gifts like backpacks, water bottles, blankets and tents as they log their activity. American Heart Association provides support to business-based walking programs through incentive items, printable material and recognition. 2. Offer incentives and buddies: mileage clubs Use online and community-based programs that encourage walking and provide incentives for reaching mileage goals either individually or in groups. See the America on the Move program or a "Walk Across a State" program sponsored by cooperative extensions. For older adults, there is AARP's Get Fit on Route 66 online mileage club. 3. Provide a guide: walking maps Provide maps of local attractions as well as locations of practical amenities such as restrooms. For inspiration, see examples from Feet First and Walk Arlington. Add walking routes to the Trails web site and invite community members to view them. Walkin

and Health > Changing Values, Perceptions, and Behaviors How do we create a "culture" for walking? How do we create communities that feel safe and appealing where people of all ages, backgrounds and income levels have reasons to walk there? It appears that community members get out and walk along routes that are enjoyable and feel safe and perhaps lead to destinations of interest (this might be for errands or recreation). Making these places requires sufficient political will and community interest in order for resources to be devoted to their creation, improvement and maintenance. Before promoting walking, conditions need to be adequate and safe. To evaluate conditions for a community, go to the section on Addressing Community Problems. If there are no facilities for walking or it's not safe for other reasons, communities can begin by building a coalition and gathering support for change. Community design that is the appropriate scale for walking plays an important role, too. To find out how to do this, see the Planning section. Once there are safe places for walking, it's time to think about how to get people walking more and how to continue building support to expand the availability of walkable places. This is where changing norms and building community interest comes in. Right now, the prevailing community norm is to drive to a destination, whether it's around the corner to the grocery store or across town to work. People tend to do the behavior that is easiest and that they see others doing. However, shifting mindsets to consider walking as a convenient, feasible option can happen. The concepts listed here are intended to serve as a starting point for ways to get more people thinking, "I'll just walk there": Make walking try-able - Give people a chance to "try out" walking. Communicate the behavior you want to see - Bumper stickers, bus billboards, banners and signs can all convey messages to encourage travel on foot. Reward behavior - Providing in

By promoting walking, individuals and organizations plant the seeds for initiating change by creating awareness about pedestrian issues and alerting others to the benefits of walking and the ways that walkable places foster healthier, more livable communities. This section examines concepts for changing values, perceptions, and behaviors related to walking and provides ideas and strategies for promoting walking in your community.

The Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) is an interactive tool that estimates the value of reduced mortality resulting from certain amounts of walking and bicycling. Developed by the World Health Organization, this tool can be used to conduct analyses, plan for new infrastructure, and more. Visit www.heatwalkingcycling.org.

Spotlight on Pedestrian Safety by Tamara Redmon, Dan Gelinne, Leah Walton, and Jeff Miller FHWA's aggressive approach to reducing the fatality rate in 13 States and 5 municipalities is showing promising results. Focus cities have installed high-visibility crosswalks, such as this one in Montclair, NJ, in a number of locations to improve pedestrian safety. For the past 7.5 years, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has been trying to aggressively reduce pedestrian deaths by focusing extra resources on the States and cities with the highest numbers or rates of pedestrian fatalities. In recent years, 13 States experienced pedestrian fatalities above 150 per year and above the national rate of 2.5 per 100,000 population. In 2003 those States were Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Texas. An increase in Nevada's rate later added it to the list, while Michigan dropped off in 2007. In addition, five cities had the highest number of fatalities per year: Chicago, IL; Detroit, MI; Los Angeles, CA; New York, NY; and Phoenix, AZ. Washington, DC, later went on the list, and Detroit dropped off (only to rejoin in 2011). To address this challenge, FHWA's Focused Approach to Pedestrian Safety project began with a memorandum dated May 2004 outlining the goal of reducing pedestrian fatalities by 10 percent by the year 2008 (goal later changed to 2011). To address this performance goal, FHWA encouraged the affected States and cities to develop and implement pedestrian safety action plans. A previous article in Public Roads documented the early implementation of the Focused Approach to Pedestrian Safety (see "In Step With Safety" in the September/October 2006 issue). "The focused approach to pedestrian safety has changed the way road owners and operators view pedestrians," says Elizabeth Alicandri, FHWA director of the Office of Safety Programs. "One of the reasons it has bee

Collaborative consumption From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The term collaborative consumption is used to describe an economic model based on sharing, swapping, bartering, trading or renting access to products as opposed to ownership.[1] Technology and peer communities are enabling these old market behaviours to be reinvented in ways and on a scale never possible before.[2] From enormous marketplaces such as eBay and Craigslist, to peer-to-peer marketplaces such as Tradepal, emerging sectors such as social lending (Zopa), peer-to-peer travel (CouchSurfing, Airbnb), peer-to-peer experiences (GuideHop), event ticket sharing ([[unseat.me]]) and car sharing (Zipcar or peer-to-peer RelayRides), Collaborative Consumption is disrupting outdated modes of business and reinventing not just what people consume but how they consume it.[3] Contents  [hide]  1 Origin 2 The development of collaborative consumption 2.1 Product service systems 2.2 Redistribution markets 2.3 Collaborative lifestyles 3 Sectors currently covered by collaborative consumption 4 Category examples 5 See also 6 References [edit]Origin The term was coined by Ray Algar, a UK-based management in an article entitled 'Collaborative Consumption article by Ray Algar' for the Leisure Report Journal in 2007. The concept has since been championed by Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, co-authors of "What's Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption".[4] In June 2010, ABC Television's Big Ideas programme included a segment showing Botsman's speech at the TEDx Sydney conference in 2010, describing collaborative consumption as "a new socio-economic 'big idea' promising a revolution in the way we consume".[5] Botsman sees collaborative consumption as a social revolution that allows people to "create value out of shared and open resources in ways that balance personal self-interest with the good of the larger community".[6] In 2010, collaborative consumption was named one of TIME Magazine's 10 ideas that w

Mobility We network various transportation systems in order to move people and goods efficiently. In doing so, we combine expertise in operation management systems for rail and road traffic with solutions for airport logistics, postal automation and traction power supply as well as rail vehicles for mass transit, regional and long-distance service.

Planning for place and plexus: metropolitan land use and transport David M. Levinson, Kevin J. Krizek 0 Resenhas Taylor & Francis, 30/01/2008 - 334 páginas Planning for Place and Plexusprovides a fresh and unique perspective on metropolitan land use and transport networks, challenging current planning strategies and offering frameworks to understand and evaluate policy. The book suggests actions for the future urban growth of metropolitan areas and includes current and cutting edge theory, findings, and recommendations which are cleverly illustrated throughout using international examples.

Schoolpool Getting your child to school can be as easy as A B C with the Schoolpool program. Schoolpool helps families find others in their neighborhood to carpool, walk, bike or ride the RTD bus together to and from school. It's a free, convenient and secure matching system. More than 13,000 elementary and secondary school families in the Denver region are enrolled. Click here to see if your school is participating and register. For more information email RideArrangers or call 303-458-POOL. View participating schools.

Transportation Demand Management for Canadian Communities: A Guide to Understanding, Planning and Delivering TDM Programs (to access, click on TDM Guide in the menu bar) This guide offers advice to help municipalities plan and implement TDM programs, based on lessons learned by Canadian communities (Transport Canada) Workplace Travel Plans: Guidance for Canadian Employers (opens link in new window) A comprehensive guide written for employers interested in helping their employees find more efficient and sustainable ways of commuting to work. It helps employers to define their own goals and objectives, then to develop a tailored travel plan that will give them a positive return on their investment. (Transport Canada) Improving Travel Options in Small and Rural Communities (opens link in new window) A concise guide, based on Canadian research, to help practitioners plan and implement sustainable transportation outside urban centres (Transport Canada) The Case for TDM in Canada (opens link in new window) An evidence-based compendium of TDM's potential for success, intended to help practitioners make their case to important audiences (ACT Canada) Public Transit Issue Papers (opens link in new window) A series of more than 30 concise publications on various aspects of transit, aimed at elected officials and other decision makers (Canadian Urban Transit Association - responsible for research and writing) Communities in Motion (opens link in new window) An overview of strategies to improve active transportation in Canadian communities, for elected officials (Federation of Canadian Municipalities - responsible for research and writing) Improving Travel Options with Transportation Demand Management (opens link in new window) An overview of strategies to influence individual travel behaviours, for elected officials (Federation of Canadian Municipalities - responsible for research and writing) Alternative Development Standards (opens link in new window) A

Frame Analysis: Theoretical PreliminariesThomas KönigFrame analysis is neither a full-fledged theoretical paradigm, nor a coherent methodological approach. Rather, frame analyses are a number of related, even though sometimes partially incompatible methods for the analysis of discourses (Scheufele 1999: 118). What unifies these analyses is a (fairly loose) theoretical connection to Goffman's (1974) work on framing. These pages will overview: the theoretical development of frame analyses;the measurement of frames;important conceptsin frame analysis;software suitable to aid frame analysis;a bibliography of frame analysis.Theoretical DevelopmentInitially frame analysis was initially predicted to become a niche method at best. One Contemporary Sociology reviewer complained that Frame Analysis is cumbersome to read (Davis 1975: 603), the other one wondered, if an adequate systematization of frame analysis would be feasible (Gamson 1975: 605). 1Probably the single most important factor for the success of Goffman's frame analysis despite this initial skeptical assessment is its unorthodox appropriation by scholars from very different traditions. Frame analysis is no longer Goffman's frame analysis, but is frequently only loosely connected to the original formulation. Notwithstanding the recurrent symbolic nods to Goffman, today's "frame analysis" spans a number of disparate approaches (D'Angelo 2002; Fisher 1997; Hallahan 1999; Maher 2001: 81f; Scheufele 1999: 103, 118). Three subject areas stand out in the development of frame analyses since Goffman: Management and organizational studies, social movement studies, and media studies. Each subject area has, of course, focused on different areas of framing theory and has approached the subject with different methods. Following the the work of 2002 Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman and his associate Amos Tversky (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), management and organizational studies have focused on the behavioral effects of different

0: Transportation Modes 101: Inter-modality 110: Para-transit, Motorbike and Non-motorized Transport 120: Railway and Rail Transit 121: Intercity Railway Planning 122: Urban Railway Planning 123: Railway Engineering 124: Railway Operation 130: Bus Operation and Services 131: Network Planning and Design 132: Bus Rapid Transit 133: Performance Evaluation 134: Operation and Management 135: Pricing 140: Air Transportation 141: Airport Planning and Operation 142: Airlines 151: Port Planning and Operation 152: Maritime and Inland Water Transportation 160: Highway and Road 161: Highway Planning and Design Concept 162: Road Maintenance 163: Pavement Design 164: Parking 211: Road Network Modeling 212: Traffic Flow Analysis 220: Transportation Demand Modeling 221: Transportation Survey 222: Behavioral Analysis 223: Transportation Demand Analysis 224: Traffic Assignment 225: Tourism, Leisure and Recreation" 300: Urban Road System 320: Traffic Control Systems and Policy 330: Transportation Demand Management 340: ITS Policy and Research 342: Evaluating ITS 343: Data Collection 344: ITS for Road Safety 345: Simulation and Modeling 410: Physical Distribution and Logistics 411: International Logistics 412: Inter-regional Logistics 413: Urban Logistics 510: Transportation and the Environment 511: Roadside Environment 514: Health 520: Traffic Accidents and Road Safety 521: Accident Analysis 522: Accident Countermeasure 523: Human Factor 600: Regional Economy and Finance 610: Land Use and Spatial Analysis 630: Issues in Transportation Economics 640: Project Evaluation 650: Project Management 700: Sustainable Transport Planning 710: Policy and Strategies 720: Implementation of Policies and Strategies 730: Funding Strategies 810: Disaster 000: Others TO VIEW PDF FILES:

Real-Time RidesharingBuild critical mass from day one. Maximize empty seat utilization in carpools and vanpools. SMART Vanpool ManagementBuild efficiencies with self service vanpool management, real-time ridematching and automated NTD reporting. SchoolPool ModuleInfluence and educate the young on their transportation choices. Reduce congestion around schools. Platform Advantage - APIBuild integrated innovations on top of the platform for smartphones, mobile devices and cross linking to external systems.

RIDESHARK - THE WORLD'S ULTIMATE RIDESHARING AND RIDEMATCHING SYSTEM Most advanced ridesharing and ridematching system on the market Find carpool partners, bike, walking and transit buddies Fully customizable, centrally hosted ridematching solution Lowest cost with zero IT burden Unmatched security features

live the in the Washington, D.C. area and one of the more interesting habits of commuters here is a practice called "slugging." At specific points throughout the city, drivers line up (as do passengers) and random strangers ride together to take advantage of HOV lanes. Drop off points in town are also centralized, so the system is surprisingly predictable. After having lived here a while, I've heard mostly good stories about this practice but a few bad stories too. Not everyone has a similar view on how to handle speed limits, for example. A number of riders have gotten to work a little more ruffled than when they left the house.

RIDESHARK - THE WORLD'S ULTIMATE RIDESHARING AND RIDEMATCHING SYSTEM Most advanced ridesharing and ridematching system on the market Find carpool partners, bike, walking and transit buddies Fully customizable, centrally hosted ridematching solution Lowest cost with zero IT burden Unmatched security features METRO EDITION RIDESHARING / RIDEMATCHING CORPORATE EDITION RIDESHARING / RIDEMATCHING A Regional rideshare application for a geographical area of any size. It provides the anchor to your outreach initiatives. (more) A low cost solution for your own organization. A dedicated corporate rideshare system for your employees maximizes matching success and employee buy-in. (more) CAMPUS EDITION RIDESHARING / RIDEMATCHING CLUSTER EDITION RIDESHARING / RIDEMATCHING A secure Campus Edition allows students, staff and faculty to conveniently and securely find travel partners. Increase your institutions environmental profile with a dedicated rideshare system. (more) The TMA / Cluster Edition provides the opportunity to specify ridematching with only specific organizations. Specific origins and destinations are enabled for quick and easy matching. (more) RIDESHARK USER FEATURES Carpool, vanpool, bicycle, walking and transit ridematching Easy to use search functionality to maximize compatible matches Most secure rideshare application on the market - developed by a Microsoft Gold Certified Partner to ensure data integrity and security Fully clickable maps to pinpoint the user's origin and destination Instant mapping capabilities for your region using centralized Microsoft MapPoint maps, Google maps and Microsoft Virtual Earth Maps Address and email verification Automated data purging so only active users come up in matches

Welcome to the Centre for Transport & Society at the University of the West of England, Bristol. CTS is a research centre located within the Department of Planning and Architecture, which is one of five departments of the Faculty of Environment and Technology. We aim to improve and promote understanding of the inherent links between lifestyles and personal travel in the context of continuing social and technological change. If you are interested in working with CTS or undertaking a PhD then please visit the opportunities section of our website. For details concerning our MSc in Transport Planning and other transport and transport-related courses please see the teaching section. December 2011 UWE to host Carbon Aware Cities: CATCH Final Conference - 13 December CTS contributed to the recently published DfT Behavioural Insights toolkit CTS selected to carry out exciting new research into the health and well-being benefits of Community Transport services in Norfolk UWE transport planner advises legacy company on sustainable future for the olympics site