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Freud believed humanity is moving through three stages of development: Tribal, Religious, Scientific.  He believed society would eventually cast off the unnecessary and unfounded ideals of religion in trade for the exactitudes and truth offered by the scientific method.

Unlike Sigmund Freud, who believed religion to be an illusory wish fulfillment for the weak minded, Carl Jung advocated religion as an indispensable part of an individual's psychological development. Jung viewed the mind as having three components: the ego, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious. Freud's vision of the mind did not include a collective unconscious. Instead, Freud proposed a moral super-ego, which grew to become the mind's administrator according to a learned sense of morality. Jung believed the self-actualizing properties of Freud's super ego pre-exist in the mind as a collective unconscious which is to be discovered through introspection as opposed to learned from experience.

As Descartes said, “Those who set about giving precepts must esteem themselves more skilful than those to whom they advance them”

In other words, someone might alter the truth solely so they could come up with something to say, while the real truth might not be capable of being expressed so easily, it can only be observed. Some things in life are too complicated to express, but however there are going to be people who believe they can express those things, even though they cannot accurately do so.

it’s impossible to overstate the importance of peer production to the modern digital world.

What sounds on the face of it like the most utopian of collectivist fantasies — millions of people sharing their ideas with no ownership claims — turns out to have made possible the communications infrastructure of our age.

Peer networks laid the foundation for the scientific revolution during the Enlightenment, via the formal and informal societies and coffeehouse gatherings where new research was shared. The digital revolution has made it clear that peer networks can work wonders in the modern age.

In 1672, the journal published Newton's first paper New Theory about Light and Colours

it has remained in continuous publication ever since, making it the world's longest running scientific journal

The use of the word "philosophical" in the title derives from the phrase "natural philosophy", which was the equivalent of what we would now generically call "science

However, whether consciously or subconsciously, the danger is that these data may sometimes be interpreted in a certain, more favourable, light. With private funding of basic research on the increase, potential conflicts of interest are becoming more With private funding of basic research on the increase, potential conflicts of interest are becoming more frequent frequent and scientists may have more than their reputations at stake when making their results public

Descartes believed that God created the universe as a perfect clockwork mechanism of vortical motion that functioned deterministically thereafter without intervention.

The spirit of these principles is that there should be transparency to the methods, observations, data collection, data access, communication, collaboration and research tools.  Instead of limiting the sharing of the practice of science to publication of selected results, the entire scientific process should be exposed to potential users, collaborators and extenders of the work.