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Faith Aron

Child labour on Nestlé farms: chocolate giant's problems continue - 1 views

www.theguardian.com/...olate-giants-problems-continue

Nestle Fair+Labor+Association Chocolate Slavery

shared by Faith Aron on 31 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • Faith Aron on 31 Jan 16
     
    A follow up on the findings of The Fair Labor Association in regards to Nestle chocolate farms and child slave labor. The group has found that there is still a large child slave labor issue and the chocolate industry can not be counted on to fix it.
jaz2153385

The Roots Of Homophobia - 0 views

www.pbs.org/...overview.html

personal+freedoms homophobia LGBTQ+

shared by jaz2153385 on 30 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • jaz2153385 on 30 Jan 18
     
    This website goes over the root causes of homophobia and how it typically develops. It also goes over homophobia stereotypes and homophobic attitudes.
sonyacorona

3 Ways Cities Can Improve Curfews for Minors - 0 views

www.nlc.org/...can-improve-curfews-for-minors

Curfew+Minors government rights

shared by sonyacorona on 29 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • sonyacorona on 29 Jan 18
     
    Before drafting curfew ordinances, city leaders should develop a narrowly tailored purpose for the curfew. Cities can reach better public safety and outcomes for youth by improving their juvenile justice systems.
dan2205427

Raising the Minimum Wage Won't Reduce Inequality - 0 views

newrepublic.com/...um-wage-wont-reduce-inequality

government Minimum Wage freedom+of+choice Economics Poverty Inequality

shared by dan2205427 on 03 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • dan2205427 on 03 Sep 17
     
    Christos Makridis, the author of this article, through his research has discovered that raising the minimum wage does not improve the issue of inequality in America, but that it has a negative impact on the workers it attempts to help. The author explains this negative impact by giving examples such as employers reducing hours which causes a lack of skill development due to lack of hours, also employers will not be able to have many incentives for new employees. The author suggested ways for reducing inequality in the latter half of his article by giving business more freedom in determining the wages and that businesses would educate their employees in an effort to increase their profitability and thus raising the wages of their employees.
edp2021

Sharing the burden of the global refugee crisis - 2 views

www.brookings.edu/...n-of-the-global-refugee-crisis

shared by edp2021 on 02 Feb 21 - No Cached
  • edp2021 on 02 Feb 21
     
    This article is about the global refugee crisis, and the different stances countries have taken on immigration. It also contains information on the number of refugees in multiple countries.
  • sim2128554 on 02 Feb 21
     
    If we as a global community could establish a kind of program to help provide a home for refugees and for refugees to establish themselves as members of a new nation without discrimination, this would be best for everyone. They are fully capable of contributing and they deserve the opportunity to do so.
sldaly

Obesity in Children - 5 views

www.webmd.com/...obesity-children

personal+freedoms personal children

shared by sldaly on 27 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • sldaly on 27 Jan 17
     
    One third of children in the U. S. is overweight or obese, and this number is continuing to rise. Children have fewer weight-related health and medical problems than adults. However, overweight children are at high risk of becoming overweight adolescents and adults, placing them at risk of developing chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes later in life.
  • ...5 more comments...
  • luminitaparavat on 28 Jan 17
     
    Obesity in children in our country happens to have the highest percentage in comparison with other countries. I think we, as parents and we, as responsible adults can change this. We should have in schools mandatory pysical education classes, at least once a week. and it would still make a difference. Also, the school snacks or lunches, the menu needs adjustment and changed to a more nutritional one, not one that is high in calories. Now, I know that kids love fast food, but if that can be limited I think would change something. Sometimes us, the parents we are making this mistake, being in a hurry out of convenience, we buy some fast food and dinner ready. Of course, the child loves it and everyone is happy, but if we do this over and over, the result is child obesity and health issues related to that. The change needs to start with us, as adults in the choices we make.
  • monique102 on 28 Jan 17
     
    Diet and activity is so important especially when it comes to children. Adults are supposed to engage children in daily activities and teach them while they are young to have a clean eating diet. The U.S. definitely has the highest rates when it comes to obesity. With all the fast and processed foods around it just makes it convenient for us all to buy.
  • aus2127741 on 29 Jan 17
     
    Parents who let their children become obese are abusive. Also these so called "healthy" menus at schools are often nothing more than calorie restrictions. For example, my former high school Ironwood often only served a slice of pizza and that is it and charged $2.75. Students would instead by 2 slices of pizza from vendors for a dollar each. Also many students just skip lunch all together and snack after they get home from school. Another problem is the budget. Cafeteria workers make very little money and have a small amount of money to spend,. As a result cafeterias serve junk food because it is cheaper. Also many parents use the busy excuse to be neglectful of their children's health.
  • che2146091 on 29 Jan 17
     
    To say that parents who let their children become obese are abusive have never struggled with weight. But that too is a generalization. There are so many children that are on fighting diseases and are given medication that has side effects of weight gain.One of these drugs is steroids. My daughter is fighting several different battles she was born with. She is on steroids, by the doctor, to fight one of the diseases. She is also a love vegetables and fruits. She swims every week. She takes tap, ballet, jazz and gymnastics. She is overweight, but very fit. Some diseases are ruthless. To say that being overweight is because you eat pizza and that you are unhealthy is just wrong. There are many ways that you can be unhealthy. Looks can be deceiving. Don't judge that book until you read it
  • and2177879 on 29 Jan 17
     
    High blood pressure at such a young age is horrible. The parents are not the only ones at fault but our society is at fault for allowing to go as far as it has gone. As "aus2127741", states about the school systems lack of nutritional value is absolutely correct, it being disgusting.
  • cheyennehorne on 29 Jan 17
     
    Obesity in children is often sad to see but it is becoming very prevalent in American society. In my opinion, a mixture of an extremely sedentary lifestyle as well as poor nutritional choices at school and at home contribute largely to this issue. Because children now have a multitude of indoor activities that don't necessarily get them on their feet and a lack of overall knowledge on what is a decent, balanced diet I'm not really surprised to see this issue skyrocketing.
  • azrafuentes101 on 03 Feb 21
     
    Obesity is still rising especially because of the pandemic that we are going through which made families quarantine for a long time. It is very sad that the obesity rates only have increased.
ash2176825

Illegal deforestation in Brazil - 1 views

www.sciencemag.org/...il-soars-amid-climate-impunity

Climate deforestation habitat Amazon Climate+change

shared by ash2176825 on 05 Sep 20 - No Cached
  • ash2176825 on 05 Sep 20
     
    Today deforestation is a major problem related to climate & in this article is discusses that deforestation has been on the rise since 2013 in Brazil, destroying the rainforests. This year it has gone up drastically due to their new president, who is deciding to loosen law enforcement for deforestation, & develop the Amazon, which is a very big problem.
mor2121575

Free Speech in the Algorithmic Society_ Big Data Private Governa.pdf - 0 views

personal+freedom algorithm private+governance

shared by mor2121575 on 07 Sep 21 - No Cached
  • The problems of free speech in any era are shaped by the communications technology available for people to use and by the ways that people actually use that technology.
  • The First Amendment, I argued, would prove increasingly inadequate to this task;5 moreover, if courts interpreted the Constitution in a short-sighted manner, judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment would actually hinder the protection and development of a truly democratic culture. 6
  • To be sure, digital companies would often find themselves on the side of the values of a democratic culture. But just as often they would seek constitutional protection for novel forms of surveillance and control of individuals and groups. 9
  • ...31 more annotations...
  • The Algorithmic Society features the collection of vast amounts of data about individuals and facilitates new forms of surveillance, control, discrimination and manipulation, both by governments and by private companies. Call this the problem of Big Data. 10
  • In the digital age, individuals do not face the familiar dyadic model of speech regulation. In a dyadic model, there are two central actors: the power of the state threatens the individual's right to speak.
  • In the pluralist model individuals may be controlled, censored, and surveilled both by the nation state and by the owners of many different kinds of private infrastructure
  • In this world, the judge-made doctrines of the First Amendment, although still necessary, are inadequate to provide sufficient guarantees of free expression.
  • The Algorithmic Society depends on huge databases that can cheaply and easily be collected, collated, and analyzed.
  • New forms of wealth emerge in the Digital Age just as they did in the Industrial Revolution. Four especially important forms of wealth in the Information Age are intellectual property, fame, information security, and Big Data.
  • We should make a key distinction between distributed and democratic power. A form of power is democratic if many people participate in it and participate in decisionmaking about how to
  • employ it. A form of power is distributed if it operates in many different places and affects many different people and situations. In some ways the Internet and its associated digital technologies have made power more democratic. But in other ways the Internet has made it possible for power to be widely distributed but not democratic.
  • We tend to associate power with the effects of technology itself. But technology is actually a way of exemplifying and constituting relationships of power between one set of human beings and another set of human beings. This was true even of the technology of writing, which, Claude Levi-Strauss famously asserted, was used to organize the labor of slaves. 20 It is true today in the development of decisionmaking by algorithms and Al agents.
  • the Algorithmic Age is a struggle over the collection, transmission, use, and analysis of data. For this reason, the central constitutional questions do not concern freedom of contract. They concern freedom of expression.
  • The most important question is not whether robots have First Amendment rights; it is whether companies will be able to shield themselves from regulation by claiming that their uses of Al agents, robots, and algorithms are First Amendment protected activities.
  • Two key ideas help us understand when the First Amendment permits legal regulation of the people and organizations that use Big Data, algorithms, and artificial intelligence. The first is the concept of information fiduciaries. The second is the concept of algorithmic nuisance.
  • Governments can impose reasonable regulations on how information fiduciaries collect, use, distribute, and sell information derived from their fiduciary relationships with end-users.
  • Fiduciary relationships involve asymmetries of power, information, and transparency. 2 7
  • Although these businesses use data and share data, the First Amendment does not prevent regulation of how they make and implement their decisions. That is because permissible regulation aims at the outputs of algorithmic decisionmaking: discrimination and manipulation.4 1
  • This means that many of the digital organizations that people deal with every day - including Internet service providers ("ISPs"), search engines, and social media platforms - should be treated as information fiduciaries with respect to their clients and end-users. Therefore, consistent with the First Amendment, governments can subject the information fiduciary to reasonable restrictions on collection, collation, analysis, use, sale, and distribution of personal information.
  • his is the idea of algorithmic nuisance. The concept of algorithmic nuisance applies when companies use Big Data and algorithms to make judgments that construct people's identities, traits, and associations that affect people's opportunities and vulnerabilities.
  • The classic examples of information fiduciaries are doctors and lawyers. 2 9 Both collect lots of personal information about their clients, their operations are not transparent to relatively untrained clients, and clients' ability to monitor professionals is limited by their lack of training.
  • Businesses use algorithms and ratings systems derived from algorithms to make decisions about who gets what opportunity - credit, a job, or entrance to and exclusion from any number of different benefits. In order to make these decisions, businesses increasingly rely on Big Data and algorithms, because so many decisions have to be made and it is too costly to engage in individualized decisionmaking. 47
  • The idea behind algorithmic nuisance is that algorithmic decisionmaking has cumulative side effects on populations as more and more public and private businesses adopt it.49 Algorithms construct people's identities and reputations by classifying them as risky,
  • To deal with this new organization of consumer products and services, we need the concepts of information fiduciary and algorithmic nuisance. Home robots and smart appliances collect an enormous amount of information about us which, in theory, can be collated with information about many other people that is stored in the cloud. Home robots and smart appliances are always-on, interconnected cloud entities that rely on and contribute to huge databases.
  • The second set of issues is symbolized by the ideas of "the right to forget" and "fake news." These two issues may seem unrelated. In fact, they are about the same issue: a fundamental change in how freedom of speech is regulated in the digital era. This alteration in governance has two key elements. The first is a change in how governments regulate - or attempt to regulate - speech in the digital era, from "old school" to "new school" speech regulation. The second is that privately owned online platforms engage in private governance of speech.
  • Both the creation of a right to forget and recent calls for a solution to the problem of fake news are examples of a larger phenomenon: the emergence of a new form of government speech regulation.
  • Nation states have not abandoned old school speech regulation. But they have increasingly moved to new school speech regulation because online speech is hard to govern. Speakers may be judgment proof, anonymous, and located outside the country, and they may not be human at all, but an army of bots. By contrast, owners of infrastructure are usually large for-profit enterprises, they are readily identifiable, and they have assets and do business within nation states
  • The first key feature of new school speech regulation is collateral censorship. Collateral censorship occurs when the state aims at A in order to control B's speech. 6
  • Problems of collateral censorship occur whenever governments adopt intermediary liability rules. 7 0
  • A key problem of administrative prior restraint is that it involves informal or bureaucratic censorship. 7 2
  • In a system of prior restraints, by contrast, the effects of the burden of action are flipped. The speaker may not speak unless he or she gets prior permission; until the bureaucrat or employee gets around to giving permission, the speech is forbidden.
  • Because of the dangers of collateral censorship, some governments, like the United States, provide for varying degrees of intermediary immunity. 7 7 Intermediary immunity rules relieve collateral censorship by holding the infrastructure owner harmless for content that is stored on their sites, or moves through their channels, when certain conditions are met.
  • A second key feature of new school speech regulation is public/ private cooperation and cooptation. 8 1 Governments aim at infrastructure providers in order to get them to censor or regulate the speech of people that governments cannot easily otherwise control. New school speech regulation seeks to coax the infrastructure provider into helping the state in various ways.
  • The relationship between nation states and infrastructure providers varies along a spectrum. It ranges from direct regulation, to threats, to suggestions that things will go better for infrastructure operators if they cooperate, to negotiations over the terms of cooperation.
  • mor2121575 on 07 Sep 21
     
    A research paper by Jack Balkin on the rise of algorithms within society, repercussions of these algorithms being used by large businesses, and the scope of relationships between Big Data, private consumers, and national governmental bodies. Primarily, this paper looks at the increasing interconnection of these relationships, how they've changed in the years since the internet and algorithms have been introduced, and how the First Amendment may no longer be enough in this new online space.
desiree_27

Causes and Solution of Social problems | Notes, Videos, QA and Tests | Grade 6>Social S... - 1 views

kullabs.com/...nd-solution-of-social-problems

control

shared by desiree_27 on 08 Sep 21 - No Cached
  • desiree_27 on 08 Sep 21
     
    The Internet allows people to form and join new groups, removing geographical barriers to communication. Younger Internet users, as well as those in developing countries, feel optimistic about the future of the Internet and their ability to use it to better their lives and create their futures. Despite this, many people in our society are concerned that the future may bring significant changes.
alyzarram

Education Should Be Free for Everyone - 2 views

medium.com/...free-for-everyone-d1e2043f93c2

education Personal+freedom Government

shared by alyzarram on 08 Sep 21 - No Cached
lynnmarie17 liked it
  • alyzarram on 08 Sep 21
     
    Information can readily be absorbed when it is relevant to human purpose. The proper focus of authentic education is not ingestion and disgorgement of information like trained seals clapping their flippers on command but a development process that leads to critical thinking and life-long learning skills.
  • ...3 more comments...
  • contrerasju on 08 Sep 21
     
    I agree, many other countries already have free education. I bet the wage gap would definitely benefit from the country having a free education system in the United States.
  • cat6345 on 08 Sep 21
     
    I agree with this I think education should always be free. Everyone should be able to get a decent education even if they are not financially well off.
  • jos2429699 on 08 Sep 21
     
    I feel there would be more to benefit from having a higher population of educated individuals. These people would have more to contribute to society and the economy, so there would be more to gain in the long run.
  • lynnmarie17 on 09 Sep 21
     
    I agree with this education should be free. Lots of people don't go to college for the fact that they cant afford to go. President Biden has canceled student loans which I think was really good of him to do. I know people who are in debt due to this.
  • azychandler1998 on 09 Sep 21
     
    Education overall has so many social issues carved into it, cost being one of the major ones. Even just cutting down the cost would help. but we are one of the most expensive countries to attend college in. Like the article you linked states, student loans and the excessive amount people spend on an education results in them becoming bankrupt before even starting out.
lynnmarie17

COVID-19 and student performance - 1 views

www.epi.org/...relief-recovery-and-rebuilding

COVID-19+classrooms+ students mental health rights

shared by lynnmarie17 on 08 Sep 21 - No Cached
  • lynnmarie17 on 08 Sep 21
     
    The pandemic is affecting school children. There are not doing that well in school because they have been on lockdown for to long. There forgetting how to be social.
  • azychandler1998 on 09 Sep 21
     
    The pandemic has effected so many lives, especially students. This is one of the most principle periods in their lives and where development can be most important. Throwing the stress of online schooling and removing them from in-person interactions is deeply affecting them in more ways people seem to realize.
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