critical.thinking.ace.term1.2009

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Sustainable Road Safety Solutions Sustainable solutions There is a range of sustainable solutions available that can promote road safety in regeneration areas. This chapter identifies the key interventions and indicates in what situations they are deemed suitable. In road safety terms a sustainable solution is one where as a result of the road layout: * Speeds are controlled appropriately without the need for enforcement. * Vehicle - pedestrian - cycle conflict is minimised. * All road users are treated with equal importance. * Accessibility is maintained or enhanced. There follows a series of design elements which could be incorporated into road design. It must be recognised that there will be essential differences between the design of road safety features on existing roads and new build roads. Good design will be built into new roads whereas there may be a need to superimpose retrospectively features on existing roads which for financial and practical reasons would not be consistent with the layout of a new build. Traffic calming measures Research has shown that human error is the largest single contributing factor in road accidents and that vehicle speed is a significant factor in about one third of accidents. Traffic calming is considered as a major element along with speed limits, education and enforcement in influencing human behaviour, vehicle speeds and the number of road accidents. photo In Europe many countries, notably Germany and The Netherlands, have invested heavily in urban traffic calming schemes over the last two decades and Britain has been able to gain valuable knowledge from these continental projects. The main objectives of traffic calming include: * improvement of street safety; * reduce road accidents; * discourage the use of unsuitable routes by heavy vehicles and through traffic; * improvement of the street environment; * improvement of conditions for vulnerable road users; * reduce noise, d

The main goals of the traffic law are: * Maintain order and safety on the roads of Cambodia * Protect human and animal lives * Minimize the effects on human health and damage to the state and private property To achieve these goals, the traffic law has 12 chapters with 95 articles covering all legal aspects concerning drivers, vehicles and road environment. The Ministries of Interior and Public Works and Transport are jointly responsible for the enforcement of the traffic law, with coordination provided by the National Road Safety Committee (NRSC) To date, the Royal Government of Cambodia, through the NRSC , has prioritized traffic law education and awareness to the all government staff and public through the mass media and with support from international and local organizations such as Handicap International Belgium, JICA and Coalition for Road Safety.

Important argument to support the solutions

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(other teams are NOT allowed to see)causes of traffic accidents

a cause of traffic accident

a cause of traffic accidents

In Phnom Penh, 502 casualties were reported, corresponding to 50% increase compared to April 2007 and 8% increase compared to the previous month. Among them, 34 died. 10% of motorbikes' casualties wore a helmet at accident time, in Phnom Penh, whereas it was only 5% in the whole country.

some background info of Motor accident

Youth and road safety July 2006 Kolap Hul, Youth Coordinator, Cambodia Red Cross In 2005, the Road Safety Project of the Cambodian Red Cross was implemented eight schools in the capital city, Phnom Penh, with 400 CRC Youth received training and helmets. In 2006, the Cambodian Red Cross Youth Program has expanded the Road Safety Project, Road Safety Begins with Me, to Battambang Province, the second largest province in Cambodia. This province has the third highest number of road accidents in Cambodia, according to 2004 Road Traffic Accident and Victim Information System Report. Humanitarian crisis Road safety is fast becoming a humanitarian crisis in Cambodia, with fatality and injury rates twice the regional average. Youth account for almost half of all traffic casualties. The volume of traffic is expected to rise exponentially over the next decade. Due to these alarming statistics, the CRCYP identified, in consultation with students in the city, a clear need to intervene to create greater road safety awareness among youth. CRCYP believes that in order to influence others to change their behaviors on the road, the youth must become role models within their schools, families and communities. The project has two components; road safety workshops in high schools, and city-wide campaigns designed to raise awareness among youth through parades and performances. Training As a first step, CRC Youth Advisors in four high schools in Battambang received road safety training. Next, the Youth Advisors facilitated training to 175 CRC Youth through a five-day youth camp from June 30 to July 4, 2006. The training included information on the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, the seven Fundamental Principles, CRC Youth Programme Policy, First Aid, Road Safety Laws and Regulations, and a Road Safety Simulation Course. After the training, all facilitators and participants receive helmets. A social side During the training, the youth were able to interact with one another thro

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Food manufacturers are not required to disclose that Carmine is derived from insects but only have to describe it as "color added" or "artificial color". This labeling is unfair to people who adhere to kosher or vegetarian diets. This inexact labelling can sometimes cause severe allergic reactions. Typical symptoms included * itching * swelling of the eyes or tongue * potentially fatal difficulty breathing * hives * headaches

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