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Pittsburgh Development Center of Magee-Womens Research Institute explores the molecular biology of cell function-- in gametes, embryos, stem cells, maternal/fetal efficacy of assisted reproduction technologies, the origins of developmental diseases, the causes and prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the potential of stem cells for treating human disease

NINDS sponsored study will examine how certain language skills, such as naming objects, understanding spoken language and reading are organized in the brain and how they are affected by seizures.

NINDS sponsored study will investigate the role that a brain chemical called serotonin plays in seizures. Serotonin, present naturally in the brain, helps transmit signals between nerve cells. Glucose is a sugar that is the main fuel of the brain.

Reseach Mission is to advance neuromuscular functional assessment using objective measurements of muscle tone, strength, and gait. Goal: To apply innovative techniques to facilitate improved treatment strategies and research evaluation.Our work includes measurement of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal function and dysfunction, with emphasis on quantification of the interrelationships of muscle tone, strength, and gait related to medical diagnosis such as: *Cerebral Palsy*Parkinson's Disease*Spinal Cord Injury *Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis*Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus*Obesity*Normal aging *Stroke*Transverse Myelitis*Traumatic Brain Injury

Citicoline Brain Injury Treatment (COBRIT) trial of the effects of 90 days of citicoline on functional outcome in patients with complicated mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Citicoline (also known as CDP-Choline) is a naturally occurring endogenous compound. Citicoline may have neuroprotective effects and may potentiate neuro-recovery which has led to the evaluation of it as treatment for both stroke and TBI in animal models and in human clinical trials.

Role of Neurotransmission and Functional CNS Networks in Spasmodic Dysphonia and Other Focal Dystonias

Idiopathic juvenile thoracic scoliosis is a tridimensional deformation of the spine which may impact on the intrathoracic organs. Bracing is one of the oldest treatments of spinal deformities. It relies on the indirect manipulation of spinal curvatures in order to prevent curve progression, which may affect respiratory function.The acoustic reflection method is based on the analysis of the reflection of a single transient planar wave giving the longitudinal cross-sectional area profile of the examined cavity. It is noninvasive and harmless.The EOS™ device allows a double incidence, full body, and low-dose X-ray acquisition with thoracic 3D reconstruction.The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of bracing on the upper airways patency (by means of the acoustic method), on the breathing pattern (noninvasive respiratory muscles assessment), and on the thoracic penetration index (by means of the EOS™)

Shriners Hospitals for Children study proposes to determine if injections of BTX-A to the hamstring muscles result in measurable physiologic changes not observed with normal saline injections in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who walk with a flexed-knee gait pattern.

The NICHD Neonatal Research Network's Follow-Up study is a multi-center cohort in which surviving extremely low birth-weight infants born in participating network centers receive neurodevelopmental, neurosensory and functional assessments at 18-22 months corrected age. Data regarding pregnancy and neonatal outcome are collected prospectively. The goal is to identify potential maternal and neonatal risk factors that may affect infant neurodevelopment.

Basal Ganglai made simple at biology.emory.edu (Emory University) Description - Anatomy - Physiology - Function

The Neuromuscular Biomechanics Lab at Stanford University combines experimental and computational approaches to study movement. We investigate the form and function of biomechanical systems ranging from molecular motors to persons with movement disorders. We seek fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in the production of movement, and are motivated by opportunities to improve treatments for individuals with cerebral palsy, stroke, osteoarthritis, and Parkinson's disease.

Definition of basal ganglai at MedicineNet.com

Anatomy of the Brain - Cerebral Cortex at biology.about.com - Includes Function, Location and Images

NIH PubMed Abstrat - Prediction for developmental delay on Neonatal Oral Motor Assessment Scale in preterm infants without brain lesion

NIH PubMed Article Abstract assessing Early Feeding Skills in Preterm Infants

PubMed - Effects of ethanol on the development of circadian time keeping system - Abstract: Ethanol exposure during gestation can have devastating consequences on the developing organism. Children who have a history of prenatally exposure to ethanol may show morphological and functional alterations, referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), which is characterized by pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, specific cranial/facial features, and dysfunction of central nervous system, is the most severe end of FASD

PubMed Abstract of study to evaluate the effect of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy (SRD) Surgery on functional abilities in a well-defined group of ambulatory children with Spastic Diplegia

CNS Centre for Neuro Skills TBI Resource Guide - Cerebellum - Brain Map

NDRF National Dyautonomia Research Foundation - The Autonomic Nervous System - Anatomical Structure - Functions - Sympathetic System - Parasympatetic system

PubMed Abstract - Sensory and motor deficits in children with cerebral palsy born preterm correlate with diffusion tensor imagine abnormalities in thalamocortical pathways. Cerebral palsy (CP) is frequently linked to white matter injury in children born preterm. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful technique providing precise identification of white matter microstructure. We investigated the relationship between DTI-observed thalamocortical (posterior thalamic radiation) injury, motor (corticospinal tract) injury, and sensorimotor function.