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Reseach Mission is to advance neuromuscular functional assessment using objective measurements of muscle tone, strength, and gait. Goal: To apply innovative techniques to facilitate improved treatment strategies and research evaluation.Our work includes measurement of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal function and dysfunction, with emphasis on quantification of the interrelationships of muscle tone, strength, and gait related to medical diagnosis such as: *Cerebral Palsy*Parkinson's Disease*Spinal Cord Injury *Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis*Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus*Obesity*Normal aging *Stroke*Transverse Myelitis*Traumatic Brain Injury

ERIC Education Resources Information Center - An Effective Oral Motor Intervention Protocol for Infants and toddlers with Low Muscle Tone

I am a twenty-eight-year-old woman with spastic Cerebral Palsy. This means that I have very tight muscles and heightened muscle tone, which makes walking difficult. As a result, I use a wheelchair to be mobile. By looking at me, the only way to tell there is something wrong is my wheelchair. Most who know me do not call attention to my physical limitations; they simply make accommodations to include me in whatever they may be doing at the time. I am a very smart and driven individual. If I were able to walk, there would be absolutely no difference in you or me.

PubMed Abstract of study to evaluate the role of the neonatal muscle hypotonia as an early indicative symptom of Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Spastic Hypertonia at UAB Traumatic Brain Injury Model System - TBI Inform - Spastic Hypertonia following Traumatic Brain Injury - Definition - Description - Understanding Muscle Tone - Treatment Options and Information

PubMed Abstract of study is to verify whether neurophysiological and communicative-relational aspects in hypotonic subjects can be recovered by psychomotor therapy.

Hypotonia Overview at University of Maryland - Definition of Hypotonia - Considerations - Common Causes

Diagnostic approach to the Hypotonic infant at Miami Children's Brain Institute - Manifestations of Hypotonia in an infant - Diagnostic approach

Reprint from ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION, Vol. 70. January 1989 - Spasticity: Quantitative Measurements as a Basis for Assessing Effectiveness of Therapeutic Intervention

Spasticity Information at WE Move, wemove.org. Spasticity Introduction - Overview of Muscles - Overview of Spasticity - Epidemiology - Measuring Spasticity - Management - Discussion Forum

Pediatric Movement Disorders - Anatomy and Physiology at Movement Disorder Virtual University

PubMed Abstract of study conducted to determine what biomechanic characteristics of knee joint motion and walking show potential to quantitatively differentiate spasticity and dystonia in Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Spasticity at emedicine - Introduction and Pathophysiology

Spasticity Information Page at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NINDS - What is Spasticity -Treatment - Prognosis - Research - Clinical Trials and Organizations

PubMed Abstract: Spastic hypertonia and movement disorders: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and quantification

PubMed abstract: Spastic hypertonia mechanisms and measurement

PEDIATRICS - Official Journal of the Americal Academy of Pediatrics - Clinical Practice Guidelines - Classification and Definition of Disorders Causing Hypertonia in Childhood

Hypertonia at PEDIATRICS - Official Journal of the American Academy of Pedicatrics - Pediatrics Vol 111, 2003 - Classification and Definition of Disorders Causing Hypertonia in Childhood

Hypertonia Information Page at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NINDS - What is hypertonia - Treatment - Prognosis - Research - Clinical Trials and Organizations

Hypertonia at MedicineNet.com - Definition and treatment options