Brewer GJ, Merajver SD.
Cancer therapy with tetrathiomolybdate: antiangiogenesis by lowering body copper--a review.
Integr Cancer Ther. 2002 Dec;1(4):327-37. Review.
PMID: 14664727 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Impact of antioxidant supplementation on chemotherapeutic toxicity: a systematic review of the evidence from randomized controlled trials.
Block KI, Koch AC, Mead MN, Tothy PK, Newman RA, Gyllenhaal C
Int J Cancer. 2008 Sep 15;123(6):1227-39. Review.
PMID: 18623084
Grant WB, Holick MF.
Benefits and requirements of vitamin D for optimal health: a review.
Altern Med Rev. 2005 Jun;10(2):94-111. Review.
PMID: 15989379 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Molecular immunological approaches to biotherapy of human cancers--a review, hypothesis and implications.
Becker Y.
Anticancer Res. 2006 Mar-Apr;26(2A):1113-34. Review.
PMID: 16619514
Is regular exercise a friend or foe of the aging immune system? A systematic review.
Haaland DA, Sabljic TF, Baribeau DA, Mukovozov IM, Hart LE.
Clin J Sport Med. 2008 Nov;18(6):539-48. Review.
PMID: 19001887
doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181865eec
Our findings suggest that administration of n-3 FA (EPA and DHA) in doses of at least 1.5 g/day for a prolonged period of time to patients with advanced cancer is associated with an improvement in clinical, biological and QoL parameters.
N-3 fatty acids, cancer and cachexia: a systematic review of the literature.
Colomer R, Moreno-Nogueira JM, García-Luna PP, García-Peris P, García-de-Lorenzo A, Zarazaga A, Quecedo L, del Llano J, Usán L, Casimiro C.
Br J Nutr. 2007 May;97(5):823-31. Review.
PMID: 17408522
doi:10.1017/S000711450765795X
The relevance of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms for cancer: a review of the literature.
Köstner K, Denzer N, Müller CS, Klein R, Tilgen W, Reichrath J.
Anticancer Res. 2009 Sep;29(9):3511-36. Review.
PMID: 19667145
CONCLUSION: Significant associations with VDR polymorphisms have been reported in cancer of the breast (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1, poly (A)), prostate (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, poly (A)), skin (Fok1, Bsm1, A-1210), colorectum (Fok1, Bsm1), ovary (Fok1, Apa1) and bladder (Fok1), and in renal cell carcinoma (Taq1, Apa1). However, conflicting data have been reported for most malignancies. After careful evaluation of the actual literature, it can be summarized that data indicating an association of VDR polymorphisms and cancer risk are strongest for breast cancer (Bsm1, Fok1), prostate cancer (Fok1) and malignant melanoma (MM) (Fok1). Data indicating an association of VDR polymorphisms and cancer prognosis are strongest for prostate cancer (Fok1), breast cancer (Bsm1, Taq1), MM (Bsm1) and renal cell carcinoma (Taq1).
Review article: vitamin D acquisition and breast cancer risk.
Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P, Haya J.
Reprod Sci. 2009 Jan;16(1):7-19. Review.
PMID: 19144887
DOI: 10.1177/1933719108327595
Conclusions: Although there are controversial results, it seems plausible that sufficient endogenous vitamin D levels may have a protective function on mammary cells, reducing breast cancer risk.
Review and meta-analysis on vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and cancer risk.
Raimondi S, Johansson H, Maisonneuve P, Gandini S.
Carcinogenesis. 2009 Jul;30(7):1170-80. Epub 2009 Apr 29. Review.
PMID: 19403841
Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a potential metabolic-targeting therapy for cancer.
Michelakis ED, Webster L, Mackey JR.
Br J Cancer. 2008 Oct 7;99(7):989-94. Epub 2008 Sep 2. Review.
PMID: 18766181
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604554
The unique metabolism of most solid tumours (aerobic glycolysis, i.e., Warburg effect) is not only the basis of diagnosing cancer with metabolic imaging but might also be associated with the resistance to apoptosis that characterises cancer. The glycolytic phenotype in cancer appears to be the common denominator of diverse molecular abnormalities in cancer and may be associated with a (potentially reversible) suppression of mitochondrial function. The generic drug dichloroacetate is an orally available small molecule that, by inhibiting the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, increases the flux of pyruvate into the mitochondria, promoting glucose oxidation over glycolysis. This reverses the suppressed mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer and results in suppression of tumour growth in vitro and in vivo. Here, we review the scientific and clinical rationale supporting the rapid translation of this promising metabolic modulator in early-phase cancer clinical trials
More than 40 nonrandomised trials of DCA in small cohorts of patients have been reported, but the first two randomised control trials of chronic oral therapy with DCA in congenital mitochondrial diseases were reported in 2006. In the first, a blinded placebo-controlled study was performed with oral DCA administered at 25 mg kg-1 day-1 in 30 patients with MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) (Kaufmann et al, 2006). Most patients enrolled in the DCA arm developed symptomatic peripheral neuropathy, compared with 4 out of 15 in the placebo arm, leading to the termination of the study. Seventeen out of 19 patients had at least partial resolution of peripheral neurological symptoms by 9 months after discontinuation of DCA. This neurotoxicity res
Holick MF.
Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;80(6 Suppl):1678S-88S. Review.
PMID: 15585788 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Zittermann A.
Vitamin D in preventive medicine: are we ignoring the evidence?
Br J Nutr. 2003 May;89(5):552-72. Review.
PMID: 12720576 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Mullin GE, Dobs A.
Vitamin d and its role in cancer and immunity: a prescription for sunlight.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2007 Jun;22(3):305-22. Review.
PMID: 17507731 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Berberine and Coptidis rhizoma as novel antineoplastic agents: a review of traditional use and biomedical investigations.
Tang J, Feng Y, Tsao S, Wang N, Curtain R, Wang Y.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Oct 29;126(1):5-17. Epub 2009 Aug 15.
PMID: 19686830
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.009
Conclusions
The modern evidences of treating cancer with Huanglian and berberine have a strong linkage with traditional concept and rules of using Huanglian in CM practice. As anticancer candidates with low toxicity, berberine and its altered structure, as well as Huanglian and its formulae, will attract scientists to pursue the potential anticancer effects and the mechanisms by using technologies of genomics, proteomics and other advanced approaches. On the other hand, relatively few in vivo studies have been conducted on anticancer effects of Huanglian and berberine. The clinical application of berberine or Huanglian as novel cancer therapeutic agents requires in vivo validations and further investigations of their anticancer mechanisms.