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Catherine Preston

An introduction to the John Scopes (Monkey) Trial - 0 views

law2.umkc.edu/...evolut.htm

scopes Monkey trial evolution morality chimps animal

shared by Catherine Preston on 11 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Dayton, Tennessee courtroom in the summer of 1925.
  • The Scopes Trial had its origins in a conspiracy at Fred Robinson's drugstore in Dayton
  • American Civil Liberties Union announcement that it was willing to offer its services to anyone challenging the new Tennessee anti-evolution statute.
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • The conspirators summoned John Scopes, a twenty-four-year old general science teacher and part-time football coach, to the drugstore
  • Dayton. Darrow was not the first choice of the ACLU, who was concerned that Darrow's zealous agnosticism might turn the trial into a broadside attack on religion
  • Nearly a thousand people, 300 of whom were standing, jammed the Rhea County Courthouse on July 10, 1925
  • Judge John T. Raulston, the presiding judge in the Scopes Trial
  •   William Jennings Bryan, three-time Democratic candidate for President and a populist, led a Fundamentalist crusade to banish Darwin's theory of evolution from American classrooms
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      YELLOW= PEOPLE GREEN= ACTIONS
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      PINK= FLAWS IN THE TRIAL
    • Catherine Preston
      Catherine Preston on 16 Oct 13
       
      BLUE= MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE TRIAL
  • The proceedings opened, over Darrow's objections, to a prayer
  • Judge Raulston and his entire family listened attentively from their front pew seats.
  • Judge Raulston
  • A jury of twelve men, including ten (mostly middle-aged) farmers and eleven regular church-goers, was quickly selected
  • including ten (mostly middle-aged) farmers and eleven regular church-goers, was quickly selected
  • A jury of twelve men
  • moved to quash the indictment on both state and federal constitutional grounds. This move was at the heart of the defense strategy.  The defense's goal was not to win acquittal for John Scopes, but rather to obtain a declaration by a higher court--preferably the U.S. Supreme Court--that laws forbidding the teaching of evolution were unconstitutional
  • Judge Raulston denied the defense motion.
  • As expected
  • titanic struggle between good and evil or truth and ignorance
  • if evolution wins, Christianity goes.
  • The prosecution opened its case by asking the court to take judicial notice of the Book of Genesis,
  • asked seven students in Scope's class a series of questions about his teachings
Daryl Bambic

Wegener and Continental Drift Theory - 0 views

www.scientus.org/Wegener-Continental-Drift.html

Continentaldrift

shared by Daryl Bambic on 23 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Survival of the fittest" gave an ethical dimension to the no-holds barred capitalism of the late nineteenth century.
  • ppropriated elements of evolution by natural selection to justify the ruthless business practices of his time
  • Darwin, was the ultimate insider
  • ...24 more annotations...
  • Erasmus, was an early student of evolution and his half-cousin, Francis Galton, was a noted statistician who was considered the father of eugenics.
  • o worries about money
  • connections in the scientific world
  • philosopher, Herbert Spencer.
  • famous biologist, Thomas Huxle
  • But fact and reason alone cannot explain the different reactions to new hypotheses and theories we see in the examples above.
  • faith that future scientists will address the shortcomings in the initial theories.
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 23 Sep 13
       
      When the facts don't neatly fit the theory, scientists have faith that time, discovery and the hard work of others will eventually prove the theory to be true.  Theories are not always neat equations where all variables are explained, accounted for and even understood. We see this with both Darwin and Wegener.
  • Being German wasn't Wegener's only problem; the arguments he used to support his hypothesis crossed into disciplines that were not his specialty.
  • Darwin's theory quickly came to dominate. Within 5 years, Oxford University was using a biology textbook that discussed biology in the context of evolution by natural selection.
  • At Oxford, evolution by natural selection had gone from hypothesis to a priori
    • Daryl Bambic
      Daryl Bambic on 23 Sep 13
       
      A priori means that something is accepted as true, knowledge that is known without having to investigate it.  We use reason and deduction to know that X is true, so it is a priori.
  • Wegener did not have an explanation for how continental drift could have occurred
  • little challenge until the 1960's.
  • he drew from the fields of geology, geography, biology and paleontolog
  • coal deposits, commonly associated with tropical climates, would be found near the North Pole and why the plains of Africa would show evidence of glaciation.
  • A radical new view on their discipline could be a threat to their own authority.
  • "If we are to believe in Wegener's hypothesis we must forget everything which has been learned in the past 70 years and start all over again."
  • The authorities in the various disciplines attacked him as an interloper that did not fully grasp their own subject.
  • The reactions by the leading authorities in the different disciplines was so strong and so negative that serious discussion of the concept stopped
  • The world had to wait until the 1960's for a wide discussion of the Continental Drift Theory to be restarted.
  • Alfred Wegener is one modern scientist amongst many that demonstrate that new ideas threaten the establishment, regardless of the century.
  • ontinental Drift Theory through the first few decades of the twentieth century.
  • continents had once been joined, and over time had drifted apart.
Daryl Bambic

Minus - Share simply. - 0 views

min.us

shared by Daryl Bambic on 18 Feb 11 - No Cached
Daryl Bambic

Sweet Search - 0 views

www.sweetsearch.com

search engines

shared by Daryl Bambic on 20 Feb 11 - Cached
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