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Ari Kewalramani

Missing women of Asia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Missing_women_of_Asia

Missing Women Asia

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • in the form of selective abortion and perhaps even infanticide and female infant neglect - that is the cause of the skewed gender ratio.[6]
  • If the first child was male, then the sex of the subsequent children tended to follow the regular, biologically determined sex pattern
  • However, if the first child was female, the subsequent children had a much higher probability of being male, indicating that conscious parental choice was involved in determining the sex of the child.
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • preference for boys and the resulting shortage of girls was even more pronounced in the more highly developed Haryana and Punjab regions of India than in poorer areas,
  • high prevalence of this prejudice among the more educated and affluent women (mothers) there.
  • Only recently and in some countries (particularly South Korea) have the development and educational campaigns begun to turn the tide, resulting in more normal gender ratios.[9]
  • Punjab
  • 1980s, girls were not receiving inferior treatment if a girl was born as a first child in a given family, when the parents still had high hopes for obtaining a son later. Subsequent births of girls were however unwelcome, because each such birth diminished a chance of the family having a son.
  • educated women would have fewer offspring, and therefore were under more acute pressure to produce a son as early as possible
  • affluent families opt for an abortion
  • r if a girl is born
  • decrease her chance of survival
  • One reason for parents, even mothers, to avoid daughters
  • As parents grow
  • expect much more help and support from their independent sons, than from daughters, who after getting married become in a sense property of their husbands' families
  • Women are also often practically unable to inherit real estate, so a mother-widow will lose her family's (in reality her late husband's) plot of land and become indigent if she had had only daughters.
  • Poor rural families have meager resources to distribute among their children, which reduces the opportunity to discriminate against girls.[9]
  • South Korea has led to a sweeping change in social attitudes and reduced the preference for sons
  • rapid economic development, combined with policies that seek to promote gender equality
  • sex ratio transition
Anushka Gandhi

NATO Aims to Recruit From Afghan South - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...14kandahar.html

shared by Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • ARGHANDAB, Afghanistan — Gen. David H. Petraeus, the overall commander of coalition forces in Afghanistan, is moving to sharply increase Afghan police forces drawn from villages in southern provinces, and is employing the help of former mujahedeen commanders to recruit them
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10
       
      General David H. Petraeus became the commander of American Forces in Afghanistan in June 2010 after President Obama fired General Stanley
  • NATO officials
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10
       
      NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • The mujahedeen
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Afghan guerrilla fighters trained and backed by the United States to fight the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980s.
  • mujahedeen
  • 30,000 local police officers within six months, providing a critical element to help the government and coalition forces hold on to areas newly cleared of Taliban insurgents
  • The police, meanwhile, have a reputation for poor discipline, drug abuse and corruption, and have proved easy prey for the Taliban.
  • “Then you partner it up effectively with I.S.A.F. and with the Afghan National Police, then you have got a very real possibility of keeping the Taliban out,” said Maj. Gen. Nick Carter, the departing British commander of coalition forces in the southern region,
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10
       
      I.S.A.F -International Security Assistance Force
  • General Petraeus had agreed with President Karzai to a pilot program of 10,000 such local Afghan policemen
  • Recruitment has already begun in some places to expand that plan
  • The plan has clear echoes of the Sons of Iraq, the neighborhood militias that helped turn around violence there.
  • American Marines holding Marja have been plagued by the reinfiltration of insurgents since the operation
  • Local police officers, trained and supervised by American Special Forces, are already operating in a number of places, including part of Marja and an area in Arghandab, and Special Forces units are already looking to recruit men in the newly cleared horn of Panjwai in Kandahar Province
Yasmin Tandon

foreign aid definition of foreign aid in the Free Online Encyclopedia. - 0 views

encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/foreign%20aid

Foreign Aid America economy definition

shared by Yasmin Tandon on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • economic, military, technical, and financial assistance given on an international, and usually intergovernmental level.
  • included at least three different objectives
  • rehabilitating the economies of war-devastated countries
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • strengthening the military defenses of allies and friends of the United States
  • promoting economic growth in underdeveloped areas
  • Aid may be given as a grant, with no repayment obligation, or a loan, and often comes with conditions that require that the recipient nation purchase goods or services with the aid from the donor nation.
  • In Recent Years
  • Although military aid continues to be provided
  • which finances the export of U.S. capital goods and agricultural products
  • Agency for International Development Agency for International Development (AID), federal agency created (Sept., 1961) to consolidate U.S. nonmilitary foreign aid programs. Originally an agency in the State Department, it has been a component part of the U.S...... Click the link for more information.  
  • Export-Import Bank
  • A large proportion of U.S. aid goes to Israel,
  • Egypt, and developing countries
  • U.S. foreign aid amounted to $10 billion (less than 0.6% of the federal budget)
  • gross domestic product (GDP) for foreign aid dropped from 2.75% in 1949 to 0.1%
  • Millennium Challenge aid program,
  • intended to target aid
  • toward poorer nations with good governance and open economies; the program places fewer restrictions on how participating nations use the aid.
  • Many nations in Europe and some in the Middle East and E Asia also have significant aid programs
  • Japan was the world's largest foreign aid donor, followed by United States, France, and Germany. Great Britain
  • 2001, the United States passed Japan as the world's largest donor as a result of Japanese cutbacks in foreign aid
  • 15% of foreign aid is provided by international bodies
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and its affiliates, the International Development Association, and the International Finance Corporation;
  • Food and Agriculture Organization Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1945. The organization is governed by a conference composed of the entire membership (189 nations plus the European Union), which meets at least once biennially, and by..... Click the link for more information. .
Anushka Gandhi

U.S. Plan Envisions Path to Ending Afghan Combat - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...15prexy.html

Plans-end Afghan combat

shared by Anushka Gandhi on 16 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • NATO summit meeting
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 16 Nov 10
       
      NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • Mr. Obama was able to pull out two-thirds of United States forces from Iraq and declare America’s combat mission there over
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 16 Nov 10
       
      If Obama continues ro work efficiently like he did in this case the process of withdrawal of American troops can become quicker
Bhavya Puri

Shark: Trade and Environment Database (TED) - 0 views

www1.american.edu/SHARK.HTM

finning shark trade

shared by Bhavya Puri on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Because of demand for shark meat and for fins used in shark's fin soup, shark have come under heavy pressure from harvesters in North American waters.
  • Many sharks are now being killed. The meat of the shark itself, which can be expensive, is not the part of the animal with the greatest economic value. Half of the shark's value is in the fins which are largely sent to Asia to make shark-fin soup.
  • Shark cartilige, thought to cure cancer, has led to a boom in poruidct sales.
Ari Kewalramani

BBC NEWS | South Asia | India sex selection doctor jailed - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...4855682.stm

India Sex Selection Doctor Jailed

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 15 Nov 10 - Cached
  • Audio and video evidence showed the doctor telling one woman that tests had revealed that she was carrying a "female foetus and it would be taken care of".
  • But convictions are rare due to lax and corrupt officials and the slow judicial system.
  • Earlier this year researchers in India and Canada said in the Lancet journal that prenatal selection and selective abortion was causing the loss of 500,000 girl births a year.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Indian doctors, however, disputed the report saying pre-birth gender checks had waned since a Supreme Court crackdown in 2001.
  • Experts in India say female foeticide is mostly linked to socio-economic factors.
Ari Kewalramani

BBC NEWS | South Asia | India 'loses 10m female births' - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...4592890.stm

India loses 10 m female births

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 15 Nov 10 - Cached
  • prenatal selection and selective abortion was causing the loss of 500,000 girls a year.
  • 1998.
  • among educated women but did not vary according to religion.
  • ...20 more annotations...
  • more common
  • 1,000 male babies born in India, there were just 933 girls.
  • year 2001
  • They found that there was an increasing tendency to select boys when previous children had been girls
  • preceding child was a girl,
  • ratio of
  • girls to boy
  • 759 to 1,000.
  • fell even further when the two preceding children were both girls.
  • third child born
  • 719 girls to 1,000 boys.
  • for a child following the birth of a male child, the gender ratio was roughly equal.
  • suggested half a million girls were being lost each year.
  • an extra pair of hands on the farm.
  • inferior and a liability - a bride's dowry can cripple a poor family financially.
  • girl child
  • where boys
  • Ultrasound machines must be officially registered but many are now so light and portable, they are hard to monitor.
  • doctors
  • must not tell couples the sex of a foetus, in practice, some just use coded signals instead, our correspondent says.
Ben Walters

Video-game sales overtaking music - MSN Money - 0 views

articles.moneycentral.msn.com/...oGameSalesOvertakingMusic.aspx

Economy Games Money Sales Music Growth

shared by Ben Walters on 15 Nov 10 - Cached
  • 6/26/2007
  • video-game sector will remain one of the above-average growth segments of the global entertainment industries through 2011, with global games spending set to exceed music spending this year
  • Key growth engines will include online and wireless games, new-generation consoles and the burgeoning in-game advertising business.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • 2011, the worldwide gaming market will be worth $48.9 billion at a compound annual growth rate of 9.1%
  • ith gains slowing every year because of the maturation of the current generation of consoles,
  • exceed the 6.4% advance that PwC foresees for the overall entertainment economy during the period.
  • Its data include consumer spending on games, but exclude spending on hardware and accessories.
  • For the U.S. gaming business, PwC projects 6.7% compound annual gains for the five-year period, to $12.5 billion. Asia-Pacific should remain the region with the highest overall spending on gaming during the period and reach $18.8 billion in 2011, PwC forecasts.
  • Despite its leading size, its 10% average annual gains will only be exceeded by the combined region of Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), which is pegged for a 10.2% compound annual gain and is set to remain at No. 2 in terms of worldwide gaming.
  • In the U.S., online and wireless games should see the biggest gains through 2011
  • online will expand from an estimated $1.1 billion market last year to $2.7 billion in 2011
  • Consumer spending on console and hand-held games will go from $6.5 billion in 2006 to $7.9 billion in 2011
  • However, the U.S. PC games market will continue its decline, with PwC eyeing a contraction from an estimated $969 million in 2006 to $840 million in 2011.
  • growing from an estimated $80 million last year to $950 million in 2011
  • this estimate could prove conservative as "advertisers like to reach the younger males" that many games tend to attract.
  • He also said that the overall gaming audience continues to expand and become somewhat more female and older than in the past thanks to casual games and the arrival as games as an "important part of culture."
Bhavya Puri

Sharks : Humane Society International - 0 views

www.hsi.org/sharks

ecosystem soup sharks humane shark

shared by Bhavya Puri on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Though considered the great predators of the sea, the hundreds of species of sharks have more to fear from mankind than vice versa. Vital to healthy oceans, these animals are being overfished. Demand for shark fin soup, a delicacy in Asia, is one reason for the killing. Fins are severed from live sharks for trade.
Anushka Gandhi

Marja Residents Report Taliban Intimidation - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...18afghan.html

Taliban hit back in Marja

shared by Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • “They have been involved in the area for a long time and they know how to intimidate people. They threaten them with beheadings, cutting off hands and feet, all the things they did when they were the government.”
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10
       
      The Taliban warned them of violent and barbaric actions if the residents continued to cooperate with the authorities
  • Journalists have still not been allowed to visit Marja independently, however; they must be embedded with the American military
  • Marja is meant to be a template for a similar campaign aimed for spring in neighboring Kandahar Province, the Taliban’s heartland
Anushka Gandhi

NATO Aims to Recruit From Afghan South - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...14kandahar.html

shared by Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • “They will find people have returned, security is stronger, and they will not be able to come back,”
    • Anushka Gandhi
      Anushka Gandhi on 15 Nov 10
       
      "They" referring to the Taliban
Ari Kewalramani

BBC NEWS | South Asia | Violence warning over Asia's 'surplus men' - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...3933485.stm

India Surplus Males

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 17 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • family in Haryana, in the north-west of the country, which had resorted to sending out to Bangladesh to find a young woman from a poor family, and brought her back to marry their son in exchange for money.
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