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anouska khambatta

Implementation of New Economic Policy to Indian economy in 1991 | MBA Knowledge Base - 0 views

www.mbaknol.com/...licy-to-indian-economy-in-1991

policy economic india list

shared by anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Globalization means flow capital (finance in the form of foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI), technology, human resource, goods and service among countries. FDI is investment in real assets like automobile, consumer goods production, service sectors like insurance, telecommunication, air transport etc. Liberalisation means freeing the economic activities and business from unnecessary bureaucratic and other controls imposed by the governments. Privatisation or Disinvestment: Selling the government owned public sector enterprises to private industrialists and opening the government operating sectors for private investment.
  • The Major areas of  New Economic Policy 1991 are Fiscal policy reforms Monetary policy reform Pricing policy reform External policy reform Industrial policy reform Foreign investment policy reform Trade policy reform Public sector policy reform
anouska khambatta

Comprehensive information on India Economic Policy and its chief objectives - 1 views

business.mapsofindia.com/...economic.html

shared by anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Issues concerning economic policy, impact of the reforms on poverty, sectoral issues relating to agriculture, industry and infrastructure.
  • has cast off its protectionism image and became more liberal.
  • Agriculture. Industry. Licensing policy. Monetary policy. Fiscal policy. Commercial policy. Pricing policy.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • The India Economic Policy is adopted so far has given rich dividends.
anouska khambatta

The chief tenets and composition of the Indian Economic Policy - 0 views

business.mapsofindia.com/...policy.html

policy economic india economy

shared by anouska khambatta on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • the government of India initiates various actions including preparing budget, setting interest rates
  • ational ownership, labor market, and several other economic areas where government intervention is required
  • internal factors like political beliefs and policies of the parties etc. that play pivotal roles in determining the economic policy of India
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • influenced by various international institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
  • Five-Year Plans came into existence,
  • Milton Friedman later criticized their policy which concentrates on capital and technology-intensive heavy industry as well as subsidizing manual, low-skill cottage industry at the same time. According to Friedman, it would waste capital and labor and would slow down the growth of small manufacturers.
  • easing restrictions on capacity expansion, reduced corporate taxes and removed price controls
  • These led to enhancement in growth rate, which in turn led to high fiscal deficits and aggravating current account.
  • compelled India to face a major balance-of-payments crisis.
  • Foreign direct investments in a number of sectors started pouring in.
  • domestic and foreign investment import and export trade controls tax structure public and financial activities
anouska khambatta

Economy of India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Economy_of_India

policy economic india economy

shared by anouska khambatta on 11 Nov 10 - Cached
  • The economy of India is the eleventh largest economy in the world
  • India was under social democratic-based policies from 1947 to 1991.
  • Since 1991, continuing economic liberalisation has moved the country toward a market-based economy.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • A revival of economic reforms and better economic policy in first decade of the 21st century accelerated India's economic growth rate
  • By 2008, India had established itself as the world's second-fastest growing major economy.
  • However, the year 2009 saw a significant slowdown in India's GDP growth rate to 6.8%[19] as well as the return of a large projected fiscal deficit of 6.8% of GDP which would be among the highest in the world.
  • Goldman Sachs has outlined 10 things that it needs to do in order to achieve its potential and grow 40 times by 2050
  • Improve Governance Raise Educational Achievement Increase Quality and Quantity of Universities Control Inflation Introduce a Credible Fiscal Policy Liberalize Financial Markets Increase Trade with Neighbours Increase Agricultural Productivity Improve Infrastructure Improve Environmental Quality.
  • However the subsequent government policy of fabian socialism hampered the benefits of the economy leading to high fiscal deficits and a worsening current account.
  • ince 1990 India has a free-market economy and emerged as one of the fastest-growing economies in the developing world; during this period, the economy has grown constantly, but with a few major setbacks. This has been accompanied by increases in life expectancy, literacy rates and food security.
  • India is often seen by most economists as a rising economic superpower and is believed to play a major role in the global economy in the 21st century.
  • Policy tended towards protectionism
anouska khambatta

India Economic Policy | Economy Watch - 1 views

www.economywatch.com/...india.html

policy economic india

shared by anouska khambatta on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • relaxing its money supply activities
  • would be able to bear fruit provided other advanced economies of world are able to recover from aftereffects of global financial meltdown.
  • adopted an economic policy at India of borrowing.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • significant bearing on India’s economic policy
  • only led to increasing of financial deficit.
  • As per his observations, prime lending rates being charged by banks belonging to public sector were a bit higher than what is desirable in present circumstances.
  • economy would be moving towards a single goods and service tax by doing away with differences between rates of service taxes
  • INR 6,600 crores and for excise duties it would be INR 8,500 crores.
  • According to this India economic policy a significant amount of money would be lost as a result of these tax benefits – losses are expected to amount to INR 29,000 crores. Maximum amount of losses to tune of INR 14,000 crores
Yasmin Tandon

Rethinking American Foreign Aid - US Foreign Aid - 0 views

usforeignpolicy.about.com/...helpcomm.htm

Foreign Aid America economy

shared by Yasmin Tandon on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
    • Yasmin Tandon
      Yasmin Tandon on 11 Nov 10
       
      Blue- Background Yellow- Yes Green- No Pink- Need to read further to get more detail
  • zSB(3,3)Sponsored Links World Affairs DailyGlobal Headline News & Commentary from International Media Sourceswww.worldaffairsjournal.org Winter Programme on UNGeneva Winter Programme on the UN and International Developmentgraduateinstitute.ch/winter The Progressive Realista metablog about American foreign policywww.progressiverealist.org zob();if(zsForeign Policy Ads Budget Foreign Aid Foreign Policy Congress Federal Budget US Government Budget zSB(3,2);if(zsSponsored Links Life Experience DegreesNo attendance - No coursework Accelerated - Worldwide Shipmentwww.universityofdublin.org 16th Int'l Education Expo660 Exhibitors from 25 Countries Why not Check Now & Meet Yours?www.cieet.com January 10, 2008 America's foreign aid programs are controversial
  • Polls indicate most Americans want the United States to be a generous donor of foreign aid.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Explore US Foreign Policy
  • overestimate how much help we send overseas.
  • Others are concerned that our foreign aid falls far short of the global commitments made in the Millennium Development Goals.
  • And yet others say Western foreign assistance is focused more on "giving a man a fish" than on "teaching a man to fish."
  • The full report (215 pages, PDF) is available here.
  • The State Department budget plus all the foreign aid totals less than $40 billion (which is less than 1.5% of the federal budget). But Defense Department spending for this year, plus maintenance of America's nuclear arsenal, plus the cost of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars
anouska khambatta

Indian Economic Policies - The Role - 0 views

www.indianchild.com/indian_economic_policies.htm

policy economic india

shared by anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Since 1991 more "new economic policies" or reforms have been introduced.
  • Reforms include currency devaluations and making currency partially convertible, reduced quantitative restrictions on imports, reduced import duties on capital goods, decreases in subsidies, liberalized interest rates, abolition of licenses for most industries, the sale of shares in selected public enterprises, and tax reforms.
  • faster growth rate of the economy
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • these changes would create more problems than they solved
    • anouska khambatta
      anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10
       
      This is important as it states that when it changed more problems were to be created.
  • The pace of liberalization increased after 1991
  • In early 1995, official charges of serving adulterated products were made against a KFC outlet in Bangalore, and Pepsi-Cola products were smashed and advertisements defaced in New Delhi. The most serious backlash occurred in Maharashtra in August 1995 when the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP--Indian People's Party)-led state government halted construction of a US$2.8 million 2,015-megawatt gas-fired electric-power plant being built near Bombay (Mumbai in the Marathi language) by another United States company, Enron Corporation.
    • anouska khambatta
      anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10
       
      This is a negative point of view. It shows how things were stopped due to policies.
  • Early Policy Developments India
    • anouska khambatta
      anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10
       
      The first few paragrapghs are about the early years in which the economic policy was being developed.
anouska khambatta

Policy Watch - Existing and Proposed Economic Policy of India | Economy Watch - 0 views

www.economywatch.com/policywatch

policy economic india

shared by anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • After the adoption of the new economic policy in India, the country has reviewed its policies and made it more friendly in almost all the sectors.
Mash M

MALAYSIA, THE BUMIPUTRA POLICY, AND FOREIGN INVESTORS: AN EVALUATION. - Powered by Goog... - 0 views

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malaysia bumiputra evaluation good_bad

shared by Mash M on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Mash M on 15 Nov 10
     
    Bumiputra policy
anouska khambatta

Ten myths of Indian economic policy - Rediff.com Business - 0 views

business.rediff.com/...-of-indian-economic-policy.htm

policy economic india

shared by anouska khambatta on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • Higher minimum support prices for foodgrains are good for farmers. Not so.
  • The move to a Goods and Services Tax will reduce the burden of taxation. I hope not! Or the already massive fiscal deficit will soar higher.
  • There is no role for monetary policy when inflation is driven by supply shortfalls. Not quite.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Our labour laws protect labour. Quite the opposite
  • The exchange rate only matters to exporters. This is a common misperception, even among trained economists.
  • Reducing fiscal deficits hurts growth. In the present "stimulated" environment, there is much anxiety that a reduction in the current record high fiscal deficits (over 10 per cent of GDP) will hurt growth.
  • Subsidies on food, fuel and electricity mainly help the poor. Not so. The food subsidy mainly helps better-off farmers and consumers in only four or five states where the public distribution system has effective coverage.
  • Foreign capital inflows are always good for our economy. Twenty years ago, most Indians believed the opposite, that all private foreign capital inflows were bad and somehow designed to impoverish us.
  • Private provision of infrastructure can effectively substitute for government. Private public partnerships (PPPs) are the ruling mantra of the day. Since the government has failed badly in providing adequate power, roads, ports, water, sanitation and so forth, we must turn to PPPs for our deliverance.
  • The trader (or middle man) is at the root of many of our economic problems. This is one of our really hoary and hairy myths. Whenever the rate of inflation rises, governments blame rapacious traders and deploy regulations to control their stocking and other activities.
anouska khambatta

Highlight Economic Policies - 0 views

iic.nic.in/iic3_g.htm

policy economic india

shared by anouska khambatta on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • growing importance of Venture Capital as one of the sources of finance for Indian industry
  • has announced a policy governing the establishment of domestic Venture Capital Funds/Companies.
  • GUIDELINES FOR OVERSEAS VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN INDIA
Dillon Patel

White House report says people cause global warming - 27 August 2004 - New Scientist - 0 views

www.newscientist.com/...ople-cause-global-warming.html

main cause global warming white house humans

shared by Dillon Patel on 14 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • White House report says people cause global warming
  • People are responsible for the spike in global warming in the last 30 years, says a new US government report.
  • enact policies to curb greenhouse gas emissions.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Our Changing Planet
  • climate change research by 13 government agencies.
  • The document reports that global warming in the first half of the 20th century, estimated at 0.2°C above pre-industrial temperatures, "was likely due to natural climate variation", including increased solar activity.
  • can only be explained when factors related to human activity
  • "There's nothing else we can blame it on, really,"
  • "If we don't put the changes in carbon dioxide into our models, we don't get global warming out."
  • "Well over 98% of scientists competent in this area would agree with that," he told New Scientist.
  • "The big question is what effect this will have on climate policy," Janetos told New Scientist.
  • that would be big news indeed."
  • Trenberth agrees, saying Bush's policy thus far has been to "take whatever nature throws at us
  • "Bush has said that if we do something about emissions, it will hurt the economy,"
  • Others experts have lobbied the government to regulate carbon dioxide through the Clean Air Act.
  • "This research will help decision makers and managers in the US and other countries evaluate and respond to climate change."
  • Dillon Patel on 14 Nov 10
     
    According to the white house, humans are the main cause. Reliable source.
Ari Kewalramani

Sex-selective abortion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Sex-selective_abortion

Sex Selective Abortion

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 15 Nov 10 - Cached
  • It has been argued that by having a one-child policy, China has increased the rate of abortion of female fetuses, thereby accelerating a demographic decline.
  • Baby Gender Mentor have become available for purchase over the Internet.[15] These tests have been criticized for making it easier to perform a sex-selective abortion earlier in a pregnancy.[16] Concerns have also been raised about their accuracy.
  • Gender bias can broadly impact a society, and it is estimated that by 2020 there could be more than 35 million young "surplus males" in China and 25 million in India
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • In those families where the first two children were girls, the sex ratio of the third child was observed to be 1.51:1 in favor of boys.[
Yasmin Tandon

EBSCOhost: Obama at UN summit: foreign aid is 'core pillar of American power' - 1 views

web.ebscohost.com/...detail

Obama news Foreign Aid quote view

shared by Yasmin Tandon on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • development and foreign assistance are for the first time elevated to the level of key factors in US national security and economic policy.
  • "core pillar of American power."
  • ountry's multibillion-dollar foreign assistance programs
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • these programs have lost effectiveness and been marginalized since the end of the cold war.
  • regions in greatest need. I
  • tighter linkage of foreign aid to national security interests.
  • 145 countries attending the Millennium Development Goals Summi
  • new policy would promote global development for the 21st century.
  • focused more on economic growth
  • "democratic governance"
  • He offered food aid as an example of the change.
  • mpower communities to meet their own food needs
  • "That's not development," he said, "that's dependence."
  • "the US must focus its efforts in order to maximize long-term impact."
  • "The United States cannot do all things, do them well, and do them everywhere,"
  • development duties splintered
Yasmin Tandon

Aid Needs Help - By Raymond Offenheiser | Foreign Policy - 1 views

www.foreignpolicy.com/...aid_needs_help

Foreign Aid History problems help needs

shared by Yasmin Tandon on 12 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • confused and conflicting responsibilities, mandates and authorities, with no clear goals, and no shared vision.
  • very real costs for U.S. foreign policy and the world's poor.
  • El Salvador,
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • responsibility for U.S. aid is shared between 11 different government agencies, each with different agendas and sometimes conflicting priorities.
  • Kenya,
  • United States procures its own HIV/AIDS test kits a
  • AIDS drugs at four times the cost other donors pay
  • Bangladesh
  • United States collects several times the amount in tariffs than it provides in development assistance, essentially taxing the very trade U.S. leaders tout as the solution to poverty
  • Cambodia, government officials typically find it easier to get information on aid resources from the Chinese government than from the U.S. government
  • Afghanistan -
  • civilian surge
  • humanitarian aid efforts has been promised -- two separate USAID contractors recently discovered by chance they were doing virtually the same project, in the same town.
  • 2 billion people -
  • trapped in poverty poses a singular challenge to the interests and values of the United State
  • What's This?TranslateWhat's This?Return
  • But his. government is still trying to address this 21st-century challenge with a 20th-century toolkit.
  • Previous attempts to reform the aid system have only complicated the situation.
  • The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 integrates 140 different goals and priorities and 400 directives, and is executed by at least 12 departments, 25 different agencies, and almost 60 government offices. Moreover, successive presidents and congresses have often chosen to work around the act, enacting more than 20 additional pieces of legislation to achieve their foreign-aid goals. As a result, the existing system's mission has become muddled and confused, cluttered with earmarks, special coordinators, and loopholes.
Ari Kewalramani

Missing women of Asia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Missing_women_of_Asia

Missing Women Asia

shared by Ari Kewalramani on 15 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • in the form of selective abortion and perhaps even infanticide and female infant neglect - that is the cause of the skewed gender ratio.[6]
  • If the first child was male, then the sex of the subsequent children tended to follow the regular, biologically determined sex pattern
  • However, if the first child was female, the subsequent children had a much higher probability of being male, indicating that conscious parental choice was involved in determining the sex of the child.
  • ...17 more annotations...
  • preference for boys and the resulting shortage of girls was even more pronounced in the more highly developed Haryana and Punjab regions of India than in poorer areas,
  • high prevalence of this prejudice among the more educated and affluent women (mothers) there.
  • Only recently and in some countries (particularly South Korea) have the development and educational campaigns begun to turn the tide, resulting in more normal gender ratios.[9]
  • Punjab
  • 1980s, girls were not receiving inferior treatment if a girl was born as a first child in a given family, when the parents still had high hopes for obtaining a son later. Subsequent births of girls were however unwelcome, because each such birth diminished a chance of the family having a son.
  • educated women would have fewer offspring, and therefore were under more acute pressure to produce a son as early as possible
  • affluent families opt for an abortion
  • r if a girl is born
  • decrease her chance of survival
  • One reason for parents, even mothers, to avoid daughters
  • As parents grow
  • expect much more help and support from their independent sons, than from daughters, who after getting married become in a sense property of their husbands' families
  • Women are also often practically unable to inherit real estate, so a mother-widow will lose her family's (in reality her late husband's) plot of land and become indigent if she had had only daughters.
  • Poor rural families have meager resources to distribute among their children, which reduces the opportunity to discriminate against girls.[9]
  • South Korea has led to a sweeping change in social attitudes and reduced the preference for sons
  • rapid economic development, combined with policies that seek to promote gender equality
  • sex ratio transition
Saaniya Shah

blackberry - 1 views

should it be banned or not?

http:__www.ndtv.com_article_technology_will-india-ban-the-blackberry-43817 policy

started by Saaniya Shah on 15 Nov 10 no follow-up yet
Yasmin Tandon

The Debate over Foreign Aid - Council on Foreign Relations - 0 views

www.cfr.org/...debate_over_foreign_aid.html

news Foreign Aid

shared by Yasmin Tandon on 11 Nov 10 - No Cached
  • $4 billion--a 7 percent reduction in the already frugal
  • proposed budget of
  • $58.8 billion
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • -$14.6 billion--for global challenges like health, food security, climate change, and humanitarian assistance.
  • less than a quarter
  • wants to maintain a strong commitment to overseas assistance and global health.
  • budget request includes strategic
  • structural shifts to reach those goals, including aligning foreign assistance more closely with foreign policy objectives, demanding greater accountability from recipient governments, and delivering more "bang for the buck" by increasing cross-agency cooperation, streamlining delivery of goods and services, and reducing U.S. government redundancies.
  • In fact, $14.6 billion for the abovementioned global challenges amounts to a mere .38 percent of the $3.8 trillion federal budget.
  • Americans want to be magnanimous in helping poor nations but also want to reduce spending
  • The problem is that polls show that Americans actually believe that spending on overseas health, development, and humanitarian and anti-poverty programs is 15 to 20 percent of the national budget. In fact, spending has never exceeded 0.5 percent.
  • Very little of the government's budget is discretionary and easil
  • also lack the strong constituency backing of other government programs
  • global financial crisis
  • greatly increased the need for agricultural, poverty, and health programs
  • World Bank estimates show backward movement on key health and development targets since the onset of the economic crisis.
  • 2. Will the Obama administration's structural reorganization of foreign assistance achieve the administration's, or Congress', goals?
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