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Sarah Muncy

Koala pandemic genetics: Viruses have inserted themselves into the human genome 31 time... - 1 views

  • And in future generations, those genes will gradually mutate and lose their ability to make new viruses. Eventually, the koala retrovirus will become extinct. All that will remain will be its imprisoned DNA.
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      Wow- they seem pretty confident in what will happen, what mutations will take place and what their effects will be. Hmm.
  • In many koalas, the virus’ genes aren’t present just in the immune cells. The koalas carry the virus genes in every cell of their bodies, from their vestigial tails to their snub noses and in every organ in between
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      Wait, so if the virus can infect EVERY kind of cell, it must either have lots of receptors or a wide range of receptor specificity, right? If it's THAT much of a generalist, then surely it must be infectious to other organisms- or at least capable of entry. Does that mean it's at risk for spread in other mammals?
  • Koalas had long been known to have terrible health
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      I've never heard of a wild animal population having "terrible health." That's something you hear about in pure-bred populations, such as with pure bred dogs. If they have notoriously poor health, why do they exist?
Sarah Muncy

A Breakthrough Against Leukemia Using Altered T-Cells - NYTimes.com - 1 views

  • To perform the treatment, doctors remove millions of the patient’s T-cells — a type of white blood cell — and insert new genes that enable the T-cells to kill cancer cells. The technique employs a disabled form of H.I.V. because it is very good at carrying genetic material into T-cells. The new genes program the T-cells to attack B-cells, a normal part of the immune system that turn malignant in leukemia.
  • The T-cells home in on a protein called CD-19 that is found on the surface of most B-cells
  • cytokine-release syndrome, or cytokine storm
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Dr. June knew that a drug could lower IL-6
  • tocilizumab
  • the altered T-cells persist in the bloodstream
  • The researchers are not entirely sure why the treatment works, or why it sometimes fails.
  • It is not clear whether a patient’s body needs the altered T-cells forever. The cells do have a drawback: they destroy healthy B-cells as well as cancerous ones, leaving patients vulnerable to certain types of infections, so Emma and the other patients need regular treatments with immune globulins to prevent illness.
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      I was wondering when they'd get to the consequences of killing off the B cells- that's huge.
  •  
    That's so funny- I just saw the update email and Dr. Finnerty also saw this topic (a different article) and posted it, too!)
Casey Finnerty

Flu shot time? Google Flu Trends predicts worst season on record. - Slate Magazine - 0 views

  • The CDC’s current estimates aren’t all that current.
  • That’s where Google comes in.
  • the numbers can tell us only how many people were suffering from the flu a couple weeks ago.
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  • According to a study published in Nature in February 2009, the system can detect outbreaks nearly two weeks before they show up in the official CDC reports.
  • won’t know until the end of the season.”
Casey Finnerty

Interim Guidance on Environmental Management of Pandemic Influenza Virus | Flu.gov - 0 views

  • Influenza A and B viruses can persist on both nonporous and porous environmental surfaces for hours to days depending on a variety of human and environmental factors.
Sarah Muncy

The HIV Virus: A Possible Cure for Leukemia? | Yahoo! Health - 0 views

  • It's important to note that the T-cells are removed from the patient before being bioengineered with the HIV virus
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      Why is it important to note that the disabled virus isn't injected into the patient? It's function isn't like chemotherapy at all- why even make the comparison?
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      Is there some reason they use T cells only? Are they trying to target T cells, but not dendritic cells or macrophages?
  • therapies that involve the reprogramming of a patient’s immune system, may also eventually be used to fight cancerous breast and prostate tumors.
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      What about lupus, or even allergies for that matter?
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  • Within hours
    • Sarah Muncy
       
      Within hours?!
  •  
    Whoa. If someone is doing HIV- this may be helpful. The virus is being used as a delivery device for genetics to reprogram lymphocytes. They're like biological nanorobots.
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