Skip to main content

Home/ Groups/ VCUASPIRE200
Rss Feed
Sort By: Most Recent | Popular Filter: All | Bookmarks | Topics Simple Middle
2More

Social Media and the 'Spiral of Silence' | Pew Research Center's Internet & Am... - 0 views

www.pewinternet.org/...edia-and-the-spiral-of-silence huds
shared by karaamah on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • karaamah on 16 Oct 14
     
    Facebook, Twitter, and other platforms did not provide new outlets for the discussion of the Snowden-NSA revelations. People who thought their social media
  • karaamah on 16 Oct 14
     
    Facebook, Twitter, and other platforms did not provide new outlets for the discussion of the Snowden-NSA revelations. People who thought their social media
1More

Land use planning and health and well-being - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0264837709001331 garden
shared by tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14
     
    Connecting community gardens and health living in youth. Community gardens served more than just providing healthy foods but a safe place to play for youth to stay active especially for city kids who may not have safe places to play
1More

Developing a Multicomponent Model of Nutritious Food Access and Related Implications fo... - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...10705422.2013.842197 garden
shared by tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14
     
    Finding ways to improving the growth of nutritious food
1More

How to identify food deserts: measuring physical and economic access to supermarkets in... - 2 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3490650 garden
shared by tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14
     
    Ways to estimate food deserts from high, medium and low. This research also includes time duration from home to supermarket and cost of food.
1More

City bountiful : a century of community gardening in America - 2 views

www.worldcat.org/search garden
shared by tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14
     
    ! City bountiful : a century of community gardening in America. [Laura J Lawson] -- Since the 1890s, providing places for people to garden has been an inventive strategy to improve American urban conditions. There have been vacant-lot gardens, and school gardens.
1More

Re-materialising Cultural Geography : From the Ground Up : Community Gardens in New Yor... - 1 views

site.ebrary.com/...reader.action garden
shared by tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • tieshaedwards on 16 Oct 14
     
    New York City Community Forum in 2006 tried to get people involved to protect to keep the land they use for their community gardens. This group of upcoming political actors are fighting for space and it discusses the three parts of community gardens and the importance of each branch.
1More

Towards a Radical Body Positive: Reading the Online "Body Positive Movement" - 2 views

www.tandfonline.com/...14680777.2014.883420 notaspire socialmedia bodypositive
shared by aullkk on 15 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • aullkk on 15 Oct 14
     
    Under the auspices of the "body positive movement" there has, in recent years, been a proliferation of websites dedicated to nurturing bodily acceptance. Responding to the barrage of media images reflecting a narrow bodily ideal, the movement and its related sites provide a space to showcase bodies of all shapes and sizes.
1More

Optimism and positive body image in women: The mediating role of the feared fat self - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0191886913001608 notaspire bodyimage optimism
shared by aullkk on 15 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • aullkk on 15 Oct 14
     
    Studies the irrational fear women have of gaining weight- and how optimism affects the overall perception of our body image
2More

Fourteen Examples of Racism in Criminal Justice System - 2 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...examples-of-raci_b_658947.html huds racism justicesystem criminalsystem inequality
shared by npooler on 09 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • The biggest crime in the U.S. criminal justice system is that it is a race-based institution where African-Americans are directly targeted and punished in a much more aggressive way than white people.
  • npooler on 09 Oct 14
     
    Saying the US criminal system is racist may be politically controversial in some circles. But the facts are overwhelming. There's no real debate about that. Here's why....
6More

The restorative outcomes of forest school and conventional school in young people with ... - 3 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1618866711000318 evergreen
shared by kariannyo on 09 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Firstly, this research extends restorative environment research by showing that the effects of nature extend to positive outcomes in young people; secondly, it shows restoration potentially extends to reflection on personal goals; and thirdly, it indicates that the amount of restoration can vary depending on behaviour state.
  • forest school
  • amount of change
    • kariannyo
      kariannyo on 15 Oct 14
       
      Outdoor education can have a positive change on behavior (as compared to a conventional indoor school setting). 
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • psychological restoration
    • kariannyo
      kariannyo on 15 Oct 14
       
      Different settings have the ability to promote recovery of cognitive and emotional resources in young people with varying behavior states. 
1More

Information, Community, and Action: How Nonprofit Organizations Use Social ...: EBSCOhost - 2 views

web.a.ebscohost.com/...detail peterpaul socialmedia nonprofit
shared by Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14
     
    The rapid diffusion of 'microblogging' services such as Twitter is ushering in a new era of possibilities for organizations to communicate with and engage their core stakeholders and the general public. To enhance understanding of the communicative functions microblogging serves for organizations, this study examines the Twitter utilization practices of the 100 largest nonprofit organizations in the United States. The analysis reveals there are three key functions of microblogging updates-'information,''community,' and 'action.' Though the informational use of microblogging is extensive, nonprofit organizations are better at using Twitter to strategically engage their stakeholders via dialogic and community-building practices than they have been with traditional websites. The adoption of social media appears to have engendered new paradigms of public engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] .
1More

Keeping up with the digital age: How the American Red Cross uses social media to build ... - 2 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0363811110001335 peterpaul socialmedia nonprofit
shared by Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14
     
    Screen reader users, click here to load entire article This page uses JavaScript to progressively load the article content as a user scrolls. Screen reader users, click the load entire article button to bypass dynamically loaded article content.
1More

What do Stakeholders Like on Facebook? Examining Public Reactions to Nonprofit Organiza... - 2 views

www.tandfonline.com/...1062726X.2014.908721 peterpaul socialmedia facebook stakeholders nonprofit
shared by Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14
     
    Although public relations scholarship has often discussed the possibilities of dialogue and engagement using social media, research has not truly explored this dynamic. Instead, research on social media platforms has focused on measuring the content and structure of organizational profiles.
1More

Exploring the Impact of Culture in the Social Media Sphere: A Content Analy...: EBSCOhost - 2 views

web.b.ebscohost.com/...detail peterpaul socialmedia communication
shared by Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14
     
    Through a content analysis of 225 nonprofit organizations' Facebook profiles, the current study examines the impact of cultural orientation when it comes to American, Chinese, and Turkish nonprofit organizations' behavior and communication patterns in the social media sphere. Specifically, the research explored how organizations disclose information about themselves and those managing their Facebook presence, promoting organizational news and accomplishments, and stakeholder engagement in relation to their context, performance, and collectivist/individualist natures, respectively. The study found mixed support for the impact of traditional cultural expectations indicating that the global connectivity of social media may be contributing to blurred cultural boundaries in favor of a virtual culture that promotes the global community. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] .
1More

Modeling the adoption and use of social media by nonprofit organizations - 2 views

nms.sagepub.com/294 peterpaul socialmedia nonprofit
shared by Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Kyra Youngblood on 14 Oct 14
     
    This study examines what drives organizational adoption and use of social media through a model built around four key factors - strategy, capacity, governance and environment. Using Twitter, Facebook, and other data on 100 large US nonprofit organizations, the model is employed to examine the determinants of three key facets of social media utilization: (1) adoption, (2) frequency of use and (3) dialogue.
74More

Holmes and Smith: Intergroup dynamics of extra-legal police aggression - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1359178912000286 policebrutality police HUDS policeaggression
shared by courtmulligan12 on 09 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • extra-legally, as informal means of coercive control over those perceived as threats to police authority or personal safety
  • Nowhere is that possibility more apparent than in the treatment of racial and ethnic minorities in disadvantaged locales
  • most commonly (although not exclusively) in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods
  • ...69 more annotations...
  • Some explanations of the behavior identify individual differences among police officers or organizational differences among police departments as primary causal factors, approaches that generally lack empirical support
  • situational
  • exigencies, such as the race and demeanor of citizens, may determine the use of extra-legal police aggression.
  • conflicts of interest
  • tereotyping
  • egregation and discrimination
  • hypothesis that the police employ formal legal authority less vigorously in disadvantaged areas, Kane (2002) argued that, in the socially disorganized neighborhoods where lax enforcement occurs, various forms of police misconduct may become normalized by officers who encounter conflict with citizens and challenges to their legitimacy
  • social psychology of intergroup relations to develop a theory of the underlying causes and ecological variations in the use of various types of extra-legal police aggression.
  • Profanity and racial slurs, racially motivated stops and searches, and excessive physical force would generally constitute violations.
  • uch as police brutality and excessive force, are often used to describe the phenomena under consideration, but these concepts generally refer only to physical force
  • extra-legal police aggression is preferable for several related reasons.
  • ggression
  • any form of behavior that is intended to injure someone physically or psychologically.”
  • Both unconscious and conscious processes may trigger extra-legal aggression by the police.
  • he concept of aggression captures the critical point that the behaviors in question specifically aim to injure citizens.
  • Profanity, racial slurs, and gratuitous verbal threats degrade, humiliate and frighten citizens
  • An investigation conducted in six cities by the NAACP (1995) reported that verbal abuse and harassment are the most common forms of extra-legal police aggression and are standard operating procedure in minority communities.
  • erbal abuses as well as obscene gestures and spitting
  • An emerging focus of research on policing minorities is racial profiling, the practice of stopping and searching citizens on the pretext of suspicious or illegal activity but actually on the basis of racial identity alone.
  • A study of police stops in New York City showed that Blacks and Hispanics were stopped at higher rates than Whites in all areas, but those encountered in neighborhoods with relatively small Black populations were stopped relatively more frequently
  • intrusive searches subsequent to police stops, which likely occur more frequently in areas of concentrated disadvantage
  • The most extreme forms of extra-legal police aggression involve the use of excessive physical force, that which occurs “under color of authority, without lawful necessity”
  • Race appears to be an important correlate of its use.
  • cities of 150,000 or more population, percent Black and percent Hispanic
  • were related positively to criminal complaints against police officers
  • nvestigated by the FBI and reported to the Civil Rights Division of the DOJ from 1985 to 1990, found that
  • some research findings suggest a link between race and neighborhood characteristics.
  • percent
  • Black population and extreme Black segregation were related positively to sustained complaints of excessive force
  • Percent Hispanic was also related positively to sustained complaints, but Hispanic segregation was not.
  • Most studies include a small number of jurisdictions, rely on weak research designs with respect to causal generalizations, and/or use imprecise dependent measures.
  • minority suspects encountered in disadvantaged neighborhoods are at greatest risk of victimization at the hands of police
  • For example, Stewart et al. (2009) maintain that the police may discriminate against Black youth to defend the interests of White neighborhoods
  • Certainly the use of questionable practices by the police, such as stops and searches on the basis of racial profiling, may serve the interests of Whites in maintaining the boundaries of the “racial-spatial divide”
  • These findings support the proposition of a greater incidence and severity of extra-legal aggression in disadvantaged minority neighborhoods, but also suggest that lesser forms, such as unnecessary stops, may be used to handle “suspicious” Black citizens outside their neighborhoods.
  • Relevant dimensions of intergroup relations include complementary processes involving group conflict, emotions, and cognitions.
  • These social–psychological dynamics have been identified as primary contributors to aggressive behavioral responses.
  • he various models of intergroup relations and aggression suggest that distal background conditions of neighborhoods and proximate psychological responses elicited in situational encounters with citizens determine the specific targets (race) and general locations (place) of extra-legal police aggression.
  • 1) social, emotional, and cognitive preconditions to aggressive behavior, (2) activation of aggressive responses by a target perceived as threatening, and (3) social and individual mediators/moderators of aggressive behavior.
  • Group conflict
  • Several conflict theories hold that complex societies contain various interest groups and that conflict is an inevitable social process with predictable consequences for social organization and behavior.
  • ntergroup conflict arises as a collective reaction to real or perceived threats to group interests. T
  • The conflict theory of law maintains that the deployment of coercive crime mechanisms expressly seeks to regulate threats to the interests of the powerful
  • For example, police use of lesser forms of extra-legal aggression may accommodate the interests of Whites in affluent neighborhoods who can marshal political influence to dictate police practices
  • The police may more freely employ more severe forms of extra-legal aggression in areas of minority disadvantage, as there is less risk and more salient personal interests at stake
  • Realistic group conflict theory calls attention to the reality that the police constitute a distinct social group that possesses unique interests that do not always correspond to the interests of the dominant group of the larger society
  • maintains that the existence of such outgroup threats create hostility toward the source of threat, ingroup solidarity, ingroup identity, tightened ingroup boundaries, punishment of ingroup defectors and deviants, and increased ethnocentrism.
  • African Americans and Hispanics, who constitute the largest and most threatening outgroups in American society
  • hese disadvantaged neighborhoods pose a host of challenging circumstances—social isolation, poverty, crime, drugs, weapon availability, violence, and social disorder/incivilities
  • Much urban police work takes place in such locales.
  • Subcultural conflicts of group interests between police and minority citizens exist in these neighborhoods and create normative rifts that often place them at odds with one another.
  • he mutual perceptions of distrust and threat held by police and minorities in disadvantaged neighborhoods may generate group dynamics that reinforce ingroup solidarity and intergroup conflict that would not occur in more affluent locales.
  • Such intergroup conflict may elicit various less severe forms of extra-legal aggression by the police, which are seen as instrumental to maintaining authority and avoiding danger.
  • Conflict theories offer important insights into the background tensions that precipitate acts of extra-legal police aggression; however, other social psychological dynamics also must be considered.
  • Primary emotions such as fear and happiness comprise the foundation of the complex human emotional repertoire upon which inter- and intra-group relationships are formed—human behavior is deeply rooted in myriad emotional processes
  • Entering areas of concentrated minority disadvantage may routinely activate emotional responses among the police.
  • Police officers may become unconsciously and consciously conditioned to associate such areas, as well as certain types of people, with criminality and danger
  • While humans may become consciously aware of feeling afraid when faced with an aversive stimulus, unconscious mechanisms for acquiring, storing, and retrieving emotional memories may activate both a behavioral response to and the cognitive awareness of the emotion.
  • While emotions comprise internal states of individuals that may affect behavior, they are also social phenomena shaped by society and culture
  • Police use of extra-legal aggression in disadvantaged locales may, in part, reflect subcultural norms about the appropriate targets of anger and the relative power of police over disadvantaged citizens.
  • the challenging conditions of disadvantaged minority locales clearly provide a structural context in which apprehension, fear, and anger are always relatively close to the surface, ready to take hold of a police officer's conduct.
  • pro-social emotional bonds develop among officers who work these areas, amplifying the ethnocentrism that segregates the occupational subculture of policing from outsiders
  • Heightened fear and anger toward citizens, along with emotional bonds to fellow officers, prime the police officer for aggressive responses in the face of perceived threats, whether real or imagined.
  • Cognitions of ingroups and outgroups are analytically separable, and two distinct but closely related research traditions have developed
  • akes place in tasks involving reward allocations in very minimal groups that lack normal features such as face-to-face interaction, norms, and intergroup relationships.
  • he mere perception of group membership may be sufficient to produce biased judgments and discrimination
  • self-categorization theory maintains that intergroup dynamics involving social identity occur whenever group memberships are salient and group comparisons are made
  • Large perceived differences between groups give rise to the process of self-stereotyping, whereby individuals perceive themselves more as undifferentiated, interchangeable parts of a group and less as unique persons characterized primarily by individual attributes.
  • Perceived ingroup similarity enhances elements of group cohesiveness—mutual attraction, esteem, empathy, cooperation, and ethnocentrism—among members of the ingroup and triggers discrimination against outgroups.
1More

Position of the American Dietetic Association: food insecurity and hunger in the United... - 2 views

europepmc.org/...16568582 peterpaul
shared by dedeepyam on 13 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • dedeepyam on 13 Oct 14
     
    Abstract: It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that systematic and sustained action is needed to bring an end to domestic food...
« First ‹ Previous 61 - 80 of 376 Next › Last »
Showing 20▼ items per page