Best content in Vacant Property Research Initiative

"Old homes, externalities, and poor neighborhoods. A model of urban decline and renewal... - 1 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0094119007000678

filtering externalities neighborhoods poverty redevelopment housing urban decline urban renewal economics Philadelphia County

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Rosenthal, Stuart S. 2008. "Old homes, externalities, and poor neighborhoods. A model of urban decline and renewal". Journal of Urban Economics. 63 (3): 816. Abstract: "This paper investigates urban decline and renewal in the United States using three panels that follow neighborhoods on a geographically consistent basis over extended periods of time. Findings indicate that change in neighborhood economic status is common, averaging roughly 13 percent per decade; roughly two-thirds of neighborhoods studied in 1950 were of quite different economic status fifty years later. Panel unit root tests for 35 MSAs indicate that neighborhood economic status is a stationary process, consistent with long-running cycles of decline and renewal. In Philadelphia County, a complete cycle appears to last up to 100 years. Aging housing stocks and redevelopment contribute to these patterns, as do local externalities associated with social interactions. Lower-income neighborhoods appear to be especially sensitive to the presence of individuals that provide social capital. Many of the factors that drive change at the local level have large and policy relevant effects."

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Rosenthal, Stuart S. 2008. "Old homes, externalities, and poor neighborhoods. A model of urban decline and renewal". Journal of Urban Economics. 63 (3): 816. Abstract: "This paper investigates urban decline and renewal in the United States using three panels that follow neighborhoods on a geographically consistent basis over extended periods of time. Findings indicate that change in neighborhood economic status is common, averaging roughly 13 percent per decade; roughly two-thirds of neighborhoods studied in 1950 were of quite different economic status fifty years later. Panel unit root tests for 35 MSAs indicate that neighborhood economic status is a stationary process, consistent with long-running cycles of decline and renewal. In Philadelphia County, a complete cycle appears to last up to 100 years. Aging housing stocks and redevelopment contribute to these patterns, as do local externalities associated with social interactions. Lower-income neighborhoods appear to be especially sensitive to the presence of individuals that provide social capital. Many of the factors that drive change at the local level have large and policy relevant effects."</div>

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"Errors Expected - Aligning Urban Strategy with Demographic Uncertainty in Shrinking Ci... - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...13563470802519097

population decrease urban planning Dresden Europe suburbanization reurbanization shrinking cities strategic flexibility

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Wiechmann, Thorsten (2008). Errors Expected - Aligning Urban Strategy with Demographic Uncertainty in Shrinking Cities. International Planning Studies, 13(4), 431-446. Abstract: "At the beginning of the 21st century, the majority of Europe's cities experienced a population decrease. Dealing with the results of demographic, economic and physical contraction processes and planning for the future of considerably smaller but nevertheless livable cities presents some of the most challenging tasks for urban Europe in the near future. This article highlights the example of Dresden in Eastern Germany, where the breakdown of the state-directed economy caused economic decline, industrial regression, and high unemployment rates. Due to out migration and decreasing birth rates, the city lost 60,000 of its 500,000 residents within one decade. As a consequence, there were housing and office vacancies as well as infrastructure oversupplies. Yet the administrative system was still directed towards growth objectives throughout the 1990s. Only after 2000 this situation changed dramatically. The new strategic plan for Dresden is no longer growth oriented. Instead, it focuses on a model of the compact 'European city', with an attractive urban centre, reduced land consumption, and a stable population. However, in another unexpected turn of events, within the last seven years the city has experienced an unexpected growth of 25,000 residents. Surprisingly, processes of suburbanization have turned into processes of reurbanization. Today in Dresden, areas of shrinkage and decline are in close proximity to prospering and wealthy communities. The strategic challenge is to deal with this patchwork while accepting that the future remains unpredictable. Hence, strategic flexibility becomes more important than the strategy itself. To a certain extent rational analysis and error prevention is displaced by preparedness, robustness, and resilience as key qualifications of planning in shrinking c

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Wiechmann, Thorsten (2008). Errors Expected - Aligning Urban Strategy with Demographic Uncertainty in Shrinking Cities. International Planning Studies, 13(4), 431-446. Abstract: "At the beginning of the 21st century, the majority of Europe's cities experienced a population decrease. Dealing with the results of demographic, economic and physical contraction processes and planning for the future of considerably smaller but nevertheless livable cities presents some of the most challenging tasks for urban Europe in the near future. This article highlights the example of Dresden in Eastern Germany, where the breakdown of the state-directed economy caused economic decline, industrial regression, and high unemployment rates. Due to out migration and decreasing birth rates, the city lost 60,000 of its 500,000 residents within one decade. As a consequence, there were housing and office vacancies as well as infrastructure oversupplies. Yet the administrative system was still directed towards growth objectives throughout the 1990s. Only after 2000 this situation changed dramatically. The new strategic plan for Dresden is no longer growth oriented. Instead, it focuses on a model of the compact 'European city', with an attractive urban centre, reduced land consumption, and a stable population. However, in another unexpected turn of events, within the last seven years the city has experienced an unexpected growth of 25,000 residents. Surprisingly, processes of suburbanization have turned into processes of reurbanization. Today in Dresden, areas of shrinkage and decline are in close proximity to prospering and wealthy communities. The strategic challenge is to deal with this patchwork while accepting that the future remains unpredictable. Hence, strategic flexibility becomes more important than the strategy itself. To a certain extent rational analysis and error prevention is displaced by preparedness, robustness, and resilience as key qualifications of planning in shrinking c</div>

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"Mortgage Foreclosures: Additional Mortgage Servicer Actions Could Help Reduce the Freq... - 0 views

www.gao.gov/GAO-11-93

home mortgage loans servicers foreclosure bank walkaway community impacts local governments counseling abandoned foreclosures

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United States Government Accountability Office. "Mortgage Foreclosures: Additional Mortgage Servicer Actions Could Help Reduce the Frequency and Impact of Abandoned Foreclosures." 1-86. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GAO, 2010. Summary: "Entities responsible for managing home mortgage loans--called servicers--may initiate foreclosure proceedings on certain delinquent loans but then decide to not complete the process. Many of these properties are vacant. These abandoned foreclosure--or "bank walkaway"--properties can exacerbate neighborhood decline and complicate federal stabilization efforts. GAO was asked to assess (1) the nature and prevalence of abandoned foreclosures, (2) their impact on communities, (3) practices that may lead servicers to initiate but not complete foreclosures and regulatory oversight of foreclosure practices, and (4) actions some communities have taken to reduce abandoned foreclosures and their impacts. GAO analyzed servicer loan data from January 2008 through March 2010 and conducted case studies in 12 cities. GAO also interviewed representatives of federal agencies, state and local officials, nonprofit organizations, and six servicers, among others, and reviewed federal banking regulations and exam guidance. Among other things, GAO recommends that the Federal Reserve and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) require servicers they oversee to notify borrowers and communities when foreclosures are halted and to obtain updated valuations for selected properties before initiating foreclosure. The Federal Reserve neither agreed nor disagreed with these recommendations. OCC did not comment on the recommendations. Using data from large and subprime servicers and government-sponsored mortgage entities representing nearly 80 percent of mortgages, GAO estimated that abandoned foreclosures are rare--representing less than 1 percent of vacant homes between January 2008 and March 2010. GAO also found that, while abandoned foreclosures have occurred

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">United States Government Accountability Office. "Mortgage Foreclosures: Additional Mortgage Servicer Actions Could Help Reduce the Frequency and Impact of Abandoned Foreclosures." 1-86. Washington, D.C.: U.S. GAO, 2010. Summary: "Entities responsible for managing home mortgage loans--called servicers--may initiate foreclosure proceedings on certain delinquent loans but then decide to not complete the process. Many of these properties are vacant. These abandoned foreclosure--or "bank walkaway"--properties can exacerbate neighborhood decline and complicate federal stabilization efforts. GAO was asked to assess (1) the nature and prevalence of abandoned foreclosures, (2) their impact on communities, (3) practices that may lead servicers to initiate but not complete foreclosures and regulatory oversight of foreclosure practices, and (4) actions some communities have taken to reduce abandoned foreclosures and their impacts. GAO analyzed servicer loan data from January 2008 through March 2010 and conducted case studies in 12 cities. GAO also interviewed representatives of federal agencies, state and local officials, nonprofit organizations, and six servicers, among others, and reviewed federal banking regulations and exam guidance. Among other things, GAO recommends that the Federal Reserve and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) require servicers they oversee to notify borrowers and communities when foreclosures are halted and to obtain updated valuations for selected properties before initiating foreclosure. The Federal Reserve neither agreed nor disagreed with these recommendations. OCC did not comment on the recommendations. Using data from large and subprime servicers and government-sponsored mortgage entities representing nearly 80 percent of mortgages, GAO estimated that abandoned foreclosures are rare--representing less than 1 percent of vacant homes between January 2008 and March 2010. GAO also found that, while abandoned foreclosures have occurred</div>

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"New Approaches to Comprehensive Neighborhood Change: Replicating and Adapting LISC's B... - 1 views

www.instituteccd.org/1479

Chicago IL New Communities Program community development LISC case studies Building Sustainable Communities Program assessment neighborhood change

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Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12

Walker, Chris, Sarah Rankin, and Francisca Winston. "New Approaches to Comprehensive Neighborhood Change: Replicating and Adapting LISC's Building Sustainable Communities Program." New York, NY: LISC, 2010. In 2006, LISC issued in-house requests for proposals to select 10 cities to participate in the Building Sustainable Communities program, a national expansion of its comprehensive approach to community development, which it had piloted in Chicago through the New Communities Program (NCP). Adopting the core elements of comprehensive community development in a varied set of cities would further test the ability of the approach to offer transferrable lessons for LISC and the field as a whole. This report by LISC's Research and Assessment team is the first installment of a long-term assessment of how the NCP platform has been replicated in the first 10 demonstration cities of the Sustainable Communities program. The authors conclude that a large majority of the 38 neighborhoods involved in Sustainable Communities are replicating the NCP model, based on examining the following elements: * Target neighborhoods and their challenges * Supportive and effective community leadership * Quality-of-life planning and comprehensive programs * Intermediation and systemic support "Some sites are blessed with ample foundation support for neighborhood development; others less so. In some neighborhoods, leadership is highly concentrated in one of two organizations that work well together; in others, leadership is diffuse and fractious. Nevertheless, the approach has proven adaptable enough to work well across different neighborhoods in Chicago. Can it be adapted to different neighborhood and city contexts simultaneously?" The report's findings are based on the LISC research staff's review of program documents, neighborhood-level statistics, and reports from LISC staff members and technical assistance consultants.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Walker, Chris, Sarah Rankin, and Francisca Winston. "New Approaches to Comprehensive Neighborhood Change: Replicating and Adapting LISC's Building Sustainable Communities Program." New York, NY: LISC, 2010. In 2006, LISC issued in-house requests for proposals to select 10 cities to participate in the Building Sustainable Communities program, a national expansion of its comprehensive approach to community development, which it had piloted in Chicago through the New Communities Program (NCP). Adopting the core elements of comprehensive community development in a varied set of cities would further test the ability of the approach to offer transferrable lessons for LISC and the field as a whole. This report by LISC's Research and Assessment team is the first installment of a long-term assessment of how the NCP platform has been replicated in the first 10 demonstration cities of the Sustainable Communities program. The authors conclude that a large majority of the 38 neighborhoods involved in Sustainable Communities are replicating the NCP model, based on examining the following elements: * Target neighborhoods and their challenges * Supportive and effective community leadership * Quality-of-life planning and comprehensive programs * Intermediation and systemic support "Some sites are blessed with ample foundation support for neighborhood development; others less so. In some neighborhoods, leadership is highly concentrated in one of two organizations that work well together; in others, leadership is diffuse and fractious. Nevertheless, the approach has proven adaptable enough to work well across different neighborhoods in Chicago. Can it be adapted to different neighborhood and city contexts simultaneously?" The report's findings are based on the LISC research staff's review of program documents, neighborhood-level statistics, and reports from LISC staff members and technical assistance consultants.</div>

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"Meeting the Challenge of Distressed Property Investors in America's Neighborhoods."_Ma... - 0 views

www.lisc.org/...tressed_Property_Investors.pdf

code enforcement investors community development corporations property owners foreclosure United States REO investors local government

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Mallach, Alan. "Meeting the Challenge of Distressed Property Investors in America's Neighborhoods." 1- 91. New York, NY: LISC, 2010. Introduction: "The mortgage crisis that has gripped the United States since 2007 has resulted in property owners losing millions of properties through foreclosure, with a loss of hundreds of billions of dollars in individual and community assets. Through the foreclosure process, the majority of these properties have been taken back by the mortgage lender and become 'real-estate-owned' or REO properties. For the first year or so after foreclosures took off in 2007, with lenders unprepared to deal with these properties and few buyers of any sort in the marketplace, REO properties often went begging. By the end of 2008, however, that was no longer the case. Private property investors - from "mom & pop" investors buying one or two properties to Wall Street firms and consortia of foreign investors buying entire portfolios - had moved back into the market in large numbers. Since early 2009, the ranks of investors have steadily grown, while it has become less accurate to refer to them as 'REO investors'. Rather than waiting for properties to come into lenders' REO inventories, distressed property investors - as they are more appropriately known - have been increasingly buying houses through short sales, buying non-performing mortgages, or bidding against foreclosing lenders at foreclosure sales. Today, their presence is a major factor in the marketplace of nearly every metropolitan area experiencing large numbers of foreclosures. Their activities are having a powerful effect on neighborhoods generally and on the neighborhood stabilization efforts of cities and non-profit community development corporations (CDCs) in particular. Their effect, however, is a matter of considerable disagreement and even controversy. The purpose of this report is twofold: first, to offer insight into how distressed property investors operate, and how their activ

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Mallach, Alan. "Meeting the Challenge of Distressed Property Investors in America's Neighborhoods." 1- 91. New York, NY: LISC, 2010. Introduction: "The mortgage crisis that has gripped the United States since 2007 has resulted in property owners losing millions of properties through foreclosure, with a loss of hundreds of billions of dollars in individual and community assets. Through the foreclosure process, the majority of these properties have been taken back by the mortgage lender and become 'real-estate-owned' or REO properties. For the first year or so after foreclosures took off in 2007, with lenders unprepared to deal with these properties and few buyers of any sort in the marketplace, REO properties often went begging. By the end of 2008, however, that was no longer the case. Private property investors - from "mom & pop" investors buying one or two properties to Wall Street firms and consortia of foreign investors buying entire portfolios - had moved back into the market in large numbers. Since early 2009, the ranks of investors have steadily grown, while it has become less accurate to refer to them as 'REO investors'. Rather than waiting for properties to come into lenders' REO inventories, distressed property investors - as they are more appropriately known - have been increasingly buying houses through short sales, buying non-performing mortgages, or bidding against foreclosing lenders at foreclosure sales. Today, their presence is a major factor in the marketplace of nearly every metropolitan area experiencing large numbers of foreclosures. Their activities are having a powerful effect on neighborhoods generally and on the neighborhood stabilization efforts of cities and non-profit community development corporations (CDCs) in particular. Their effect, however, is a matter of considerable disagreement and even controversy. The purpose of this report is twofold: first, to offer insight into how distressed property investors operate, and how their activ</div>

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Evolution from Urban Renewal to Community Development: Implications for Shrinking Cities - 5 views

Farris, J. Terrence. "Evolution from Urban Renewal to Community Development- Implications for Shrinking Cities." Paper to be presented at the annual conference for the Association of Collegiate S...

urban redevelopment policy shrinking cities displacement renewal community development history planning 1949 Housing Act Terrence J. Farris 2011

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To be Abandoned, or to be Greened - 3 views

Abstract: Many cities around the country combat increases in abandoned properties, as these properties often become an eyesore in urban landscape. In particular, old industrial cities where a large...

community gardens public-private partnerships tax incentives case studies Philadelphia discrete choice model Neighborhood Information System NIS urban greening In Kwon Park Patricia Ciorci 2011

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Will Natural Disasters Accelerate Neighborhood Decline? - 3 views

Abstract: Vacant and abandoned properties are not only an urban ill troubling shrinking industrial cities in the United States, they are also a problem facing many growing urban areas as new develo...

vacant properties natural disasters case studies Miami-Dade County Hurricane Andrew urban planning disaster recovery Yang Zhang 2011

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The Possibilities of LIHTC Projects in a City with Long Term Population Loss: A Counter... - 2 views

In this paper, shrinking cities refer to cities that have experienced decades-long sustained population loss and, in the United States, those that continued to lose population through the 2000s. Of...

shrinking cities population loss LIHTC New Orleans blight federal policy urban planning Riekes Trivers Ian Ehrenfeucht Renia Ehrenfeucht 2011

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Combating Suburban Decline: The Role of Social Capital and CDCs - 2 views

Abstract: This paper analyzes the role of social capital and Community Development Corporations (CDCs) in Cincinnati's inner-suburbs as tools to combat suburban decline. Building off of previous re...

social capital community development corporations inner suburbs Cincinnati Ohio suburban decline neighborhood revitalization economic stability networks Joanna Mitchell Brown 2011

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Planning for Urban Regeneration and Energy Investments: Issues of Conflict and Compatib... - 2 views

Abstract: EPA's RE-Powering America initiative, DOE's Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy programs and HUD's Sustainable Communities efforts all are directed toward altering energy usage and/or gene...

EPA RE-Powering America Initiative DOE Efficiency Renewable HUD's Sustainable Communities renewable energy generation locally undesirable land uses (LULU) National Association of Local Government Environmental Professionals Peter Meyer 2011

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Do Vacant Properties Kill Neighborhoods? An Agent-Based Simulation of Property Abandonment - 3 views

Abstract: "Buffalo is among the cities with the highest vacancy rates in the US. Between 2000 and 2009, the number of tax foreclosure properties at the City's tax auction (in rem) increased. By 200...

Buffalo case studies foreclosure population loss homeownership agent-based approach speculative investors homeowners REM properties Fillmore District Li Yin Robert Silverman 2011

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Unearthing the benefits of brownfield to green space projects: An examination of projec... - 2 views

Abstract: "The redevelopment of brownfields and the creation of green space in cities are two initiatives that are gaining support in the US, for they are perceived to be important elements for fos...

Chicago quality of life urban revitalization sustainable development green space property values survey federal policy Minneapolis brownfield redevelopment C. DeSousa 2006

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"A Study of Real Estate Markets in Declining Cities."_Follain [online report] - 0 views

www.housingamerica.org/...IHA_ShrinkingCities_Report.pdf

submarkets real estate markets declining cities shrinking cities economics United States population decline neighborhoods

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Follain, James R., PhD. "A Study of Real Estate Markets in Declining Cities." 1-84. Washington, D.C: Research Institute for Housing America of the Mortgage Bankers Association, 2010. From Executive Summary: "The "Great Recession" of 2007 to 2009 has taken a great toll on housing markets in most cities and metropolitan areas in all parts of the country. Though the pace and extent of the overall economic recovery of these markets is still far from certain, many places will likely resume growth and fully recover within the next decade or so. This is almost certainly not to be the case for all metropolitan areas. In fact, a number of large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) experienced severe recessions during the latter half of the 20th century and prior to the Great Recession and never fully recovered or took many years to do so. Even among those metro areas with relatively bright long-run prospects for growth, certain submarkets within them may remain well below recent house price peaks for many years to come. What is a declining city? Simply put, a declining city is one in which the people have left, but the houses, apartment buildings, offices and storefronts remain. At the extreme, think of a ghost town from the Old West, a town that lost its reason for being. Are there cities or large metro areas in the United States at risk of disappearing back into the desert (or the swamp) today? Probably not, but there are certainly neighborhoods and submarkets within metro areas that have passed a tipping point, and have little prospect of returning to anything close to their previous peaks. Lastly, another type of declining city may also be emerging - places that grew substantially during the housing boom and are now experiencing unprecedented declines in house prices and increases in foreclosures. The primary goal of this paper is to offer insights on the potential future evolution of real estate markets in cities that are in the midst of a severe and persistent

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Follain, James R., PhD. "A Study of Real Estate Markets in Declining Cities." 1-84. Washington, D.C: Research Institute for Housing America of the Mortgage Bankers Association, 2010. From Executive Summary: "The "Great Recession" of 2007 to 2009 has taken a great toll on housing markets in most cities and metropolitan areas in all parts of the country. Though the pace and extent of the overall economic recovery of these markets is still far from certain, many places will likely resume growth and fully recover within the next decade or so. This is almost certainly not to be the case for all metropolitan areas. In fact, a number of large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) experienced severe recessions during the latter half of the 20th century and prior to the Great Recession and never fully recovered or took many years to do so. Even among those metro areas with relatively bright long-run prospects for growth, certain submarkets within them may remain well below recent house price peaks for many years to come. What is a declining city? Simply put, a declining city is one in which the people have left, but the houses, apartment buildings, offices and storefronts remain. At the extreme, think of a ghost town from the Old West, a town that lost its reason for being. Are there cities or large metro areas in the United States at risk of disappearing back into the desert (or the swamp) today? Probably not, but there are certainly neighborhoods and submarkets within metro areas that have passed a tipping point, and have little prospect of returning to anything close to their previous peaks. Lastly, another type of declining city may also be emerging - places that grew substantially during the housing boom and are now experiencing unprecedented declines in house prices and increases in foreclosures. The primary goal of this paper is to offer insights on the potential future evolution of real estate markets in cities that are in the midst of a severe and persistent </div>

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"Implementing the Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP): Community Stabilization in ... - 0 views

www.stablecommunities.org/...tion-neighborworks-network.pdf

partnerships neighborhood recovery recovery Orange NJ Syracuse NY Ft. Lauderdale FL Boston MA Slayton MN Clearwater FL Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP) case studies community development corporations housing community development

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Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12

NeighborWorks America. "Implementing the Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP): Community Stabilization in the Neighborworks Network." 1-84. Washington, D.C.: Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation d/b/a Neighborhworks America, 2010.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">NeighborWorks America. "Implementing the Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP): Community Stabilization in the Neighborworks Network." 1-84. Washington, D.C.: Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation d/b/a Neighborhworks America, 2010.</div>

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"Role of Contemporary Urbanisms in a Shrinking Cities Syndrome."_Kim [conference paper] - 2 views

Kim, Joongsub. "Role of Contemporary Urbanisms in a Shrinking Cities Syndrome." Paper to be presented at the annual conference for the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning, Salt Lake Cit...

shrinking cities United States Japan Europe international urbanisms

started by Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12 no follow-up yet

"How to Spend $3.92 Billion: Stabilizing Neighborhoods by Addressing Foreclosed and Aba... - 1 views

www.philadelphiafed.org/...Papers_Mallach_10_08_final.pdf

Housing and Recovery Act of 2008 Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP) market conditions market recovery redevelopment

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Mallach, Alan (2008). "How to Spend $3.92 Billion: Stabilizing Neighborhoods by Addressing Foreclosed and Abandoned Properties. Philadelphia: Federal Reserve Bank." Available at http://www.philadelphiafed.org/community-development/publications/discussion-papers/DiscussionPapers_Mallach_10_08_final.pdf Overview: "The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 created the neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP), under which states, cities, and counties will receive a total of $3.92 billion to acquire, rehabilitate, demolish, and redevelop foreclosed and abandoned residential properties. These funds can stabilize hard-hit neighborhoods, putting them on the path to market recovery. This will only happen, however, if they are used in ways that are strategically targeted and sensitive to market conditions. This paper outlines 11 key principles that states, counties, and cities should follow as they plan for and use NSP funds."

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Mallach, Alan (2008). "How to Spend $3.92 Billion: Stabilizing Neighborhoods by Addressing Foreclosed and Abandoned Properties. Philadelphia: Federal Reserve Bank." Available at <a href="http://www.philadelphiafed.org/community-development/publications/discussion-papers/DiscussionPapers_Mallach_10_08_final.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://www.philadelphiafed.org/community-development/publications/discussion-papers/DiscussionPapers_Mallach_10_08_final.pdf</a> Overview: "The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 created the neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP), under which states, cities, and counties will receive a total of $3.92 billion to acquire, rehabilitate, demolish, and redevelop foreclosed and abandoned residential properties. These funds can stabilize hard-hit neighborhoods, putting them on the path to market recovery. This will only happen, however, if they are used in ways that are strategically targeted and sensitive to market conditions. This paper outlines 11 key principles that states, counties, and cities should follow as they plan for and use NSP funds."</div>

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"Landbanking as Metropolitan Policy. Blueprint for American Prosperity."_Alexander [onl... - 0 views

www.brookings.edu/...mortgage_crisis_alexander.aspx

mortgage foreclosure post-industrial cities land banks policy local governments productive reuse federal policy

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Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12

Alexander, Frank S (2008). "Landbanking as Metropolitan Policy. Blueprint for American Prosperity." Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. Available at http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2008/1028_mortgage_crisis_alexander.aspx Executive Summary: "Stressed by the catastrophic mortgage foreclosure crisis and the long-run decline of older, industrial regions, communities around the country are becoming increasingly burdened with vacant and abandoned properties. In order to alleviate the pressures on national prosperity caused by these derelict properties, the federal government needs to advance policies that support regional and local land banking for the 21st century. Land banking is the process or policy by which local governments acquire surplus properties and convert them to productive use or hold them for long term strategic public purposes. By turning vacant and abandoned properties into community assets such as affordable housing, land banking fosters greater metropolitan prosperity and strengthens broader national economic well-being."

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Alexander, Frank S (2008). "Landbanking as Metropolitan Policy. Blueprint for American Prosperity." Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. Available at <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2008/1028_mortgage_crisis_alexander.aspx" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2008/1028_mortgage_crisis_alexander.aspx</a> Executive Summary: "Stressed by the catastrophic mortgage foreclosure crisis and the long-run decline of older, industrial regions, communities around the country are becoming increasingly burdened with vacant and abandoned properties. In order to alleviate the pressures on national prosperity caused by these derelict properties, the federal government needs to advance policies that support regional and local land banking for the 21st century. Land banking is the process or policy by which local governments acquire surplus properties and convert them to productive use or hold them for long term strategic public purposes. By turning vacant and abandoned properties into community assets such as affordable housing, land banking fosters greater metropolitan prosperity and strengthens broader national economic well-being."</div>

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"Addressing the Vacant and Abandoned Property Problem"_Accordino and Johnson [journal a... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...abstract

revitalization property abandonment survey crime prevention code enforcement tax foreclosure eminent domain central city United States

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Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12

Accordino, John and Johnson, Gary (2000). Addressing the Vacant and Abandoned Property Problem. Journal of Urban Affairs, 22(3), 301-315. Abstract: "Vacant and abandoned property is increasingly recognized as a significant barrier to the revitalization of central cities. This study sheds some light on the nature of the property abandonment problem and on current city efforts to address it. It is based upon the findings of a survey of the 200 most populous central cities in the United States, conducted during the summer and fall of 1997, and on follow-up interviews with a portion of the survey population, conducted during the summer of 1998. The findings of the survey and interviews indicate that vacant and abandoned property is perceived as a significant problem by elected and appointed officials in the nation's largest central cities. This type of property affects many aspects of community life, including housing and neighborhood vitality, crime prevention efforts, and commercial district vitality. Single- and multi-family housing, retail properties and vacant land are the most problematic types of vacant and abandoned property for most cities. Cities use a variety of techniques to address this problem, including aggressive code enforcement, tax foreclosure, eminent domain, and cosmetic improvements. One-third of the cities surveyed use a variety of other innovative tools to combat the vacant and abandoned property problem. Nevertheless, current efforts to combat the problem suffer from a number of shortcomings that are described in the article."

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Accordino, John and Johnson, Gary (2000). Addressing the Vacant and Abandoned Property Problem. Journal of Urban Affairs, 22(3), 301-315. Abstract: "Vacant and abandoned property is increasingly recognized as a significant barrier to the revitalization of central cities. This study sheds some light on the nature of the property abandonment problem and on current city efforts to address it. It is based upon the findings of a survey of the 200 most populous central cities in the United States, conducted during the summer and fall of 1997, and on follow-up interviews with a portion of the survey population, conducted during the summer of 1998. The findings of the survey and interviews indicate that vacant and abandoned property is perceived as a significant problem by elected and appointed officials in the nation's largest central cities. This type of property affects many aspects of community life, including housing and neighborhood vitality, crime prevention efforts, and commercial district vitality. Single- and multi-family housing, retail properties and vacant land are the most problematic types of vacant and abandoned property for most cities. Cities use a variety of techniques to address this problem, including aggressive code enforcement, tax foreclosure, eminent domain, and cosmetic improvements. One-third of the cities surveyed use a variety of other innovative tools to combat the vacant and abandoned property problem. Nevertheless, current efforts to combat the problem suffer from a number of shortcomings that are described in the article."</div>

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"Activist Literacy in Shrinking Cities: Lessons for Urban Education."_Hollander & Holla... - 0 views

scholarworks.gvsu.edu/...viewcontent.cgi

shrinkage activism community development shrinking cities population decline literacy artifacts Youngstown OH Richmond VA Pittsburgh PA education

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Metropolitan Institute on 04 Jan 12

Hollander, Pamela W. and Hollander, Justin B. (2008) "Activist Literacy in Shrinking Cities: Lessons for Urban Education," Language Arts Journal of Michigan: Vol. 24: Iss. 1, Article 9. Available at: http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/lajm/vol24/iss1/9

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Hollander, Pamela W. and Hollander, Justin B. (2008) "Activist Literacy in Shrinking Cities: Lessons for Urban Education," Language Arts Journal of Michigan: Vol. 24: Iss. 1, Article 9. Available at: <a href="http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/lajm/vol24/iss1/9" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/lajm/vol24/iss1/9</a></div>

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