The global distribution pattern: Where each biome is found and how
each varies geographically. A given biome may be composed of different taxa on
different continents. Continent-specific associations of species within a given
biome are known as formations and often are known by different local
names. For example,the temperate grassland biome is variously called prairie,
steppe, pampa, or veld, depending on where it occurs (North America, Eurasia,
South America, and southern Africa, respectively).
The general characteristics of the regional climate and the
limitations or requirements imposed upon life by specific temperature and/or
precipitation patterns.
Aspects of the physical environment that may exert a stronger influence than
climate in determining common plant growthforms and/or subclimax vegetation.
Usually these factors are conditions of the substrate (e.g., waterlogged;
excessively droughty, nutrient-poor) or of disturbance (e.g., periodic
flooding or burning).
The soil order(s) that characterize the biome and those
processes involved in soil development.
The dominant, characteristic, and unique growthforms; vertical
stratification; leaf shape, size, and habit; and special adaptations of the
vegetation. Examples of the last are peculiar life histories or reproductive
strategies, dispersal mechanisms, root structure, and so forth.
The types of animals (especially vertebrates) characteristic of the
biome and their typical morphological, physiological, and/or behavioral
adaptations to the environment.