URBAN AND REGIONAL ECONOMICS

DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL SOB O ENFOQUE PÓS-KEYNESIANO Julia Elizabete Barden Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica acerca de estudos que analisam o desenvolvimento regional sob a perspectiva da teoria pós-keynesiana. Os resultados destes demonstram que o sistema financeiro, em especial os bancos, influenciam no grau de desenvolvimento das regiões, sobretudo, porque o comportamento destes agentes segue um conceito importante utilizado pela teoria, a preferência pela liquidez. Assim, a disponibilidade de crédito para investimento no sistema produtivo sofrerá impactos importantes conforme a preferência pela liquidez dos bancos. Texto Completo: PDF

VANTAGENS COMPARATIVAS REVELADAS E ORIENTAÇÃO REGIONAL DA SOJA BRASILEIRA EM RELAÇÃO À CHINA Daniel Arruda Coronel, João Armando Dessimon Dessimon Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a competitividade da soja brasileira em relação à China. Para isso, fez-se uso dos Índices de Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas (IVCR) e do Índice de Orientação Regional (IOR). Os resultados mostram que o Brasil apresenta Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas no período analisado, as quais foram crescentes, à exceção de 1995, 1996, 1999 e 2003. As causas para estas quedas podem estar relacionadas à sobrevalorização cambial do período de 1995-1998 e com variações nas exportações mundiais e brasileiras de soja. O resultado do IOR, para a China, indica que as exportações estão orientadas para o bloco, desde 1997, mas o índice não é crescente, visto que houve oscilações nas exportações desta commodity. Texto Completo: PDF

PLANEAMENTO TERRITORIAL Espaço de divulgação e debate de ideias relativas ao planeamento do território e ao desenvolvimento regional.

Yasser Elsheshtawy explores Dubai's history from its beginnings as a small fishing village to its place on the world stage today, using historical narratives, travel descriptions, novels and fictional accounts by local writers to bring colour to his history of the city's urban development. With the help of case studies and surveys this book explores the economic and political forces driving Dubai's urban growth, its changing urbanity and its place within the global city network. Uniquely, it looks beyond the glamour of Dubai's mega-projects, and provides an in-depth exploration of a select set of spaces which reveal the city's 'inner life'. Table of Contents Preface  1. The Emerging Urbanity of Dubai  2. Arab Cities and Globalization  3. The Other Dubai: A Photo Essay  4. The Illusive History of Dubai  5. The Transformation of Dubai or Towards the Age of Megastructures  6. Spectacular Architecture and Urbanism  7. The Spectacular and the Everyday: Dubai's Retail Landscape  8. Transient City: Dubai's Forgotten Urban Spaces  9. Global Dubai or Dubaization

Although clearly a key institutional framework that structures planning systems, there has been remarkably little attention by planning historians to the comparative study of institutions of property rights in land as a factor shaping approaches to urban planning. Conversely, planning has clearly functioned as a key site of institutional innovation shaping the evolution of property rights. This relationship between planning and property rights deserves greater attention. Although property rights are often entrenched in written constitutions as is the case in both Japan and the USA, and do exhibit considerable continuity over time, they are in fact seldom static, being subject to evolving interpretations and constraints. This paper employs a historical institutionalist approach in the examination of the evolution of institutions of property rights in Japan during the modern period, from just before the Meiji Revolution of 1867-1868 to the early twenty-first century. The paper shows that the strong protection of landed property rights in Japan is a product of the Meiji period, not the post-Second World War occupation, and argues that institutional choices in framing landed property rights have multiple and varied long-term impacts that may have little to do with the original policy goals. Keywords: property rights; institutional change; innovation; land reform

Finanza e credito per le imprese del territorio Collana "Percorsi" pp. 296, (€ 26,00) € 22,10 978-88-15-13748-7 anno di pubblicazione 2010 in libreria dal 03/06/2010 Questo volume presenta i risultati di un'indagine condotta dai ricercatori del Cefin - il Centro Studi Banca e Finanza del Dipartimento di Economia aziendale dell'Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia - sul rapporto fra il sistema bancario e le piccole e medie imprese nelle province di Modena e Reggio Emilia. Obiettivo della ricerca, condotta anche attraverso indagini sul campo con la somministrazione di questionari, è quello di verificare come il sistema bancario risponde, oggi, alla domanda di servizi che proviene dal mondo delle piccole e medie imprese e se i nuovi gruppi bancari siano in grado di sollecitarne e accompagnarne la crescita, favorendo un loro salto di qualità. L'analisi ha riguardato i mutamenti intervenuti nel sistema bancario e gli effetti del processo di crescita che si è realizzato, le modificazioni della struttura finanziaria e delle scelte di finanziamento delle imprese, con attenzione anche alle nuove imprese operanti in settori innovativi, l'evoluzione dei rapporti delle imprese con il sistema bancario sul fronte del credito e dei servizi e il ruolo svolto in quest'ambito dai consorzi fidi. Lo scenario territoriale dell'indagine è contraddistinto da una fitta rete di imprese di piccole e medie dimensioni, riconducibili a una pluralità di dinamici distretti industriali, e da banche anche di grandi dimensioni con un radicamento storico nel territorio. Cesare Bisoni è professore ordinario di Economia delle aziende di credito e presidente del corso di laurea in Economia aziendale nell'Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia.

Editorial Statement Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on May 21, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 169; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq017 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Betsy Donald, Meric Gertler, Mia Gray, and Linda Lobao Re-regionalizing the food system? Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on June 2, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 171-175; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq020 [Extract] [FREE Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Articles Moya Kneafsey The region in food-important or irrelevant? Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on May 7, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 177-190; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq012 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Nathan McClintock Why farm the city? Theorizing urban agriculture through a lens of metabolic rift Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on March 25, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 191-207; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq005 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Kevin Morgan and Roberta Sonnino The urban foodscape: world cities and the new food equation Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on March 10, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 209-224; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq007 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Terry Marsden Mobilizing the regional eco-economy: evolving webs of agri-food and rural development in the UK Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance Access published on May 14, 2010 Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2010 3: 225-244; doi:10.1093/cjres/rsq010 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]   Jill K. Clark, Darla K. Munroe, and Becky Mansfield What counts as farming: how classification limits regionalization of the food system Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society Advance

This article examines the role of regional clusters in regional entrepreneurship. We focus on the distinct influences of convergence and agglomeration on growth in the number of start-up firms as well as in employment in these new firms in a given region-industry. While reversion to the mean and diminishing returns to entrepreneurship at the region-industry level can result in a convergence effect, the presence of complementary economic activity creates externalities that enhance incentives and reduce barriers for new business creation. Clusters are a particularly important way through which location-based complementarities are realized. The empirical analysis uses a novel panel dataset from the Longitudinal Business Database of the Census Bureau and the US Cluster Mapping Project. Using this dataset, there is significant evidence of the positive impact of clusters on entrepreneurship. After controlling for convergence in start-up activity at the region-industry level, industries located in regions with strong clusters (i.e. a large presence of other related industries) experience higher growth in new business formation and start-up employment. Strong clusters are also associated with the formation of new establishments of existing firms, thus influencing the location decision of multi-establishment firms. Finally, strong clusters contribute to start-up firm survival.

We consider the dynamics of knowledge-based sources of advantage as they move between geographical locations and multinational and other firm level networks using the specialist context of Formula 1 motor over a 59-year period. We suggest that shifts in competitive advantage are underpinned by the movement of both architectural and component knowledge at both the firm and cluster level, and in particular we suggest that isolated firms can both benefit from and add to cluster level knowledge. We conclude by suggesting ways in which MNEs can adapt their approach to both location and knowledge development in order to enhance their ability to create competitive advantage.

Firms, industrial development, and multinationalization Anno: 1998 Autore/i: Paolo Ramazzotti (University of Macerata) Abstract: File: QDief4-1998.pdf (265.1 kB)

Policymaking and Learning Actors, or Is A 'Double Movement' In Cognition Possible? Anno: 2005 Autore/i: Paolo Ramazzotti (University of Macerata) Abstract:   One of the key issues in K. Polanyi's (1944, 1957) work is that capitalist markets may be inconsistent with societal values. This (external) inconsistency eventually leads to a reaction against the rationale of the market, what Polanyi refers to with the notion of the double movement. The double movement, in turn, may disrupt the (internal) consistency of the market, thereby leading to dramatic consequences for society, as was the case with fascism and nazism. A crucial question therefore is how to achieve a protective response without undermining society. The paper contends that the two types of (in)consistency basically depend on the shared knowledge available in a given society. It therefore discusses how that knowledge arises and how actors may favor or prevent change by acting on learning processes. The aim is to stress that a policy for change not only requires a scientific perspective that is not restricted within disciplinary boundaries, it also requires a dialogue between social scientists, policy-makers and all those sections of society who can be affected by a change in the status quo. Published in in Journal of Economic Issues, settembre 2007 File: QDief26-2005.pdf (504.0 kB)

The Italian SMEs in the International context. A model to succeed in the global arena Anno: 2009 Autore/i: Elena Cedrola (University of Macerata); Loretta Battaglia (University Cattolica di Milano); Alessandra Tzannis (University Cattolica di Milano) Abstract:   This paper explores the internationalization process of the Italian SMEs, and aims to investigate their behaviour in the international contexts to ultimately outline general models able to optimize their peculiarities. The empirical study firstly examines 546 SMEs along their internationalization. The internationalization process is examined through its phases: decisions, marketing strategy, achievements and future perspectives. A second aim is to define sustainable paths for SMEs willing to expand successfully over the Country borders. It also proposes important issues and management implications to be considered in the international development of Italian SMEs. File: cedrola.pdf (184.3 kB)

Abstract This paper summarizes the discussions held during a brainstorming session on water governance organized as part of the First Global Water Policy Dialogue of the Institute of Water Policy of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore, and the Third World Centre for Water Management, Mexico. The objective was to formulate a priority research agenda on water governance which would focus on vital issues ahead such as linkages and drivers of change in the water sector and the type of institutions and instruments that are and will be needed in order to face the increasing challenges in the sector.

As economies develop and societies change, emerging sets of challenges are placed on water resources and its governance. Population growth and economic development tend to drive the demand for more water, and push river basins into situations of scarcity. Agriculture, globally the largest user of water, is a major driver of water scarcity, and also the sector that has to bear the consequences of scarcity. Yet governance arrangements the world over have difficulty coming to grips with the management of agricultural water within the larger water resource context. The four major agricultural water governance challenges are: to manage transitions from abundance to scarcity; to deal with the large informal sectors of the agricultural water economy; to adapt to the changing objectives of society; and within each of these challenges, to craft context-specific solutions. This paper presents examples of these challenges and uses them to derive a conceptual framework to help us understand present agricultural water-use contexts, and to develop context specific solutions. The framework is based on two important and shifting contextual dimensions: the degree of scarcity within a basin, and the degree of formality in water use. Looking at agricultural water governance within this framework shows that some standard prescriptions for water problems may not always be appropriate and that 'second best' solutions can in fact be the best way forward. The challenge for governance is to facilitate the development of these solutions.

Abstract This paper presents the results of a survey of stakeholder and scientific expert judgments regarding the impacts of climate change on water management in The Netherlands in 2001. The main methodological findings were put into broader perspective by discussing the role of stakeholder and scientific expert judgment in the context of the Dutch national research programme 'Climate changes Spatial Planning' (CcSP) in the period 2001-2007. We focus on flood risks, and impacts on freshwater resources because they were mentioned most in the 2001 survey. For the flood risks, a high degree of consensus amongst stakeholders and scientific experts was discovered about knowledge, values and aims involved. This was not the case for the impacts of climate change on freshwater resources.  The approach, chosen in 2001, enabled the researchers to explore the different opinions regarding the impacts of climate change. It appeared, however, very difficult to prioritize available adaptation options and to formulate cross-sectoral adaptation strategies. Within the CcSP programme, initiated after the 2001 survey, it can be observed that stakeholders become more involved in expert judgements about climate change impacts and adaptation strategies. The interaction between scientists and stakeholders is gradually shifting from a collaborative/consultative approach towards a real participatory approach in the research and design process of combined regional and sectoral adaptation strategies.

Noções básicas sobre a Pesquisa do Google: More search helpImprimir The Basic search help article covers all the most common issues, but sometimes you need a little bit more power. This document will highlight the more advanced features of Google Web Search. Have in mind though that even very advanced searchers, such as the members of the search group at Google, use these features less than 5% of the time. Basic simple search is often enough. As always, we use square brackets [ ] to denote queries, so [ to be or not to be ] is an example of a query; [ to be ] or [ not to be ] are two examples of queries. Phrase search ("") By putting double quotes around a set of words, you are telling Google to consider the exact words in that exact order without any change. Google already uses the order and the fact that the words are together as a very strong signal and will stray from it only for a good reason, so quotes are usually unnecessary. By insisting on phrase search you might be missing good results accidentally. For example, a search for [ "Alexander Bell" ] (with quotes) will miss the pages that refer to Alexander G. Bell. Search within a specific website (site:) Google allows you to specify that your search results must come from a given website. For example, the query [ iraq site:nytimes.com ] will return pages about Iraq but only from nytimes.com. The simpler queries [ iraq nytimes.com ] or [ iraq New York Times ] will usually be just as good, though they might return results from other sites that mention the New York Times. You can also specify a whole class of sites, for example [ iraq site:.gov ] will return results only from a .gov domain and [ iraq site:.iq ] will return results only from Iraqi sites. Terms you want to exclude (-) Attaching a minus sign immediately before a word indicates that you do not want pages that contain this word to appear in your results. The minus sign should appear immediately before the word and should be preceded with a space

A Companion to Urban Economics provides a state-of-the-art overview of this field, communicating its intellectual richness through a diverse portfolio of authors and topics. Unique in both its rigor and international treatment An ideal supplementary textbook in upper-level undergraduate urban economics courses, or in master's level and professional courses, providing students with the necessary foundation to tackle more advanced topics in urban economics Contains contributions from the world's leading urban economists

Racism, racial equity, and the race-place connections related to racial inequalities in the U.S. are the major themes of this book. The long history of U.S. White racism toward Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians is deeply rooted in the political, socioeconomic, and intellectual frameworks of America, permitting racial inequities to become expressed as cultural landscapes-the places where many racial minorities exist. The contemporary geographic patterns of segregation and isolation are different from those of earlier U.S. history, but are equally damning and present extremely difficult challenges for social action in a nation that will change its racial/ethnic composition dramatically during the current generation.As America changes over the next quarter century, the visible and invisible race-place inequalities that help define U.S. urban geography will continue in housing, education, employment, travel requirements, shopping choices, environmental hazards, and other living conditions. Minority groups, ever increasing in numbers, will find inequalities unacceptable. How America deals with racial inequalities will likely have consequences for all its citizens.

What is more important--race or class--in determining the socioeconomic success of the blacks and whites born since the civil rights triumphs of the 1960s? When compared to whites, African Americans complete less formal schooling, work fewer hours at a lower rate of pay and are more likely to give birth to a child out of wedlock and to rely on welfare. Are these differences attributable to race per se, or are they the result of differences in socioeconomic background between the two groups?Being Black, Living in the Red demonstrates that many differences between blacks and whites stem not from race but from economic inequalities that have accumulated over the course of American history. Property ownership--as measured by net worth--reflects this legacy of economic oppression. The racial discrepancy in wealth holdings leads to advantages for whites in the form of better schools, more desirable residences, higher wages, and more opportunities to save, invest, and thereby further their economic advantages.Dalton Conley shows how factoring parental wealth into a reconceptualization of class can lead to a different future for race policy in the United States. As it currently stands, affirmative action programs primarily address racial diversity in schooling and work--areas that Conley contends generate paradoxical results with respect to racial equity. Instead he suggests an affirmative action policy that fosters minority property accumulation, thereby encouraging long-term wealth equity, or one that--while continuing to address schooling and work--is based on social class as defined by family wealth levels rather than on race. What is more important--race or class--in determining the socioeconomic success of the blacks and whites born since the civil rights triumphs of the 1960s? When compared to whites, African Americans complete less formal schooling, work fewer hours at a lower rate of pay and are more likely to give birth to a child out of wedlock and to rely on wel

Think of a bumblebee. With its overly heavy body and little wings, supposedly it should not be able to fly--but it does.... This is how so-called analysts view the Swedish economy. We 'defy gravity.' We have high taxes and a large public sector, and yet, Sweden reaches new heights. We are still flying, so well that many envy us for it today. --Goran Persson, Swedish Prime Minister, March 10, 2000 (1) Many mainstream economists have been predicting the demise of the Swedish model of social democratic capitalism for decades. But the Swedish welfare state, while slightly smaller in scope than it once was, is still largely intact. Furthermore, the Swedish economy has outperformed that of the United States and most OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries for the past decade (see Table 1). So the question arises, why is the Swedish bumblebee still flying? Indeed, why is it soaring despite the opinions of so many observers that it is doomed to fail? The argument that the Swedish model was doomed to failure rested on two ideological artifices. The first was a simplistic application of the theory of comparative advantage. This theory implies that exogenously determined resource endowments and factor costs are the primary determinants of trade flows and the location of production. Second, critics tended to assume that government intervention is inherently inefficient relative to the wonders of the market system, and in an era of globalization, countries must reduce the size and scope of government to compete internationally. The Swedish resurgence in the last decade indicates that there are serious flaws with this analysis. A more sophisticated explanation of the forces determining the location of production can be provided by the theory of comparative institutional advantage. This theory seeks to go beyond standard analysis to consider the institutional factors that better explain trade patterns. Part of this explanation includes the fact that