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mtshiza221192212

picture of slaves - 1 views

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    these are the conditions of slaves and their daily lives their labor was obtained through force they were treated as animals their living conditions were too bad and unhygienic for human beings in this picture we see that they are chained which proves that they are there against their will. they are regarded as property they belong to other people hence they are chained
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    This is not shared correctly.
zethembiso

Blacks sold in Market. - 0 views

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    The picture was created by Earle Augustus, after 1793-1838. In the picture there are the blacks being sold at the market , prospective buyers examine the slaves , slaves dealer with a whip stands nearby. Maria Graham or the lady Maria Calcott (1785-1842) was born Maria Dundas in Scotland, the daughter traveled to India.
ndcekeasemahle

David Livingstone's steam boat on which he explored the River Zambezi. Etching. on JSTOR - 1 views

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    I could not annotate the picture directly. This picture depicts the steam boat that was used by David Livingstone to travel through the Zambesi river. This picture shows both Zambesi river and the steam boat, this boat was built by him and his party for his exploration and then he named it " Ma-Robert". He was the first person to discover the Zambesi river therefore this picture shows him exploring the river in 1858.
tshehla222227980

Image: Zanzibar- Slave Market. - 2 views

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    In the eighteenth century towards the nineteenth century, the Zanzibar stood out for being the main slave market in Eastern Africa due to its strategic location in the Indian Ocean. The provided picture below depicts the enslaved people [natives] at the East African slave market in the port of Zanzibar. The region/ city was infamous for its trade in slaves, having some seven thousand enslaved people sold annually by the 1860s. -How the slaves were treated is also illustrated in the picture, they were often not treated like humans, they were stripped off their clothes which denotes that they were stripping off their dignity.
xsmaa246

picture of a muskets in south africa in 1800s - Google Search - 3 views

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    this is one of the types of guns that south Africans used for hunting, trading and war
kgothatsolefika

missionaries in south africa before 1890 - Bing images - 1 views

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    This is a picture that was taken before the 1890 of the missionaries in South Africa.The American Board of Commissioners for a Foreign Missions dispatched Adams Dr. Newton, a medical missionary from Ohio Country New York, to South Africa in 1834. At Umlazi, he established a mission station and school. This image shows a missionary preaching in 1834 in Umlazi
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    this is a picture that was taken in 1834 in Umlazi when a missionary was preaching in south africa
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    Link does not work.
karabo03

I Will Open a Path into the Interior of Africa or Perish David Livingstone and the Mapp... - 3 views

shared by karabo03 on 24 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • This article is an attempt to elucidate this rather unknown facet of his legacy by referring to the instruments, methods and techniques he used to collect his data and the high premium he put on the accuracy of his observations. Attention is also given to his lifelong friendship with HM Astronomer at the Cape, Sir Thomas Maclear to whom he regularly sent his observations to be checked and his occasionally tempestuous relationship with the official cartographer of the Royal Geographical Society, John Arrowsmith.
    • karabo03
       
      Article attempt. It also includes some of the primary sources pictures from early age of Livingstone discovery in Africa. Primary sources pictures like sketch maps of his travel route, Diaries and notes From Livingstone which will be highlighted
  • Livingstone’s sketch of the Victoria Falls
    • karabo03
       
      Livingstone's sketch of the Victoria Falls primary source picture illustrating Livingstone discovery of unknown places in Africa as a missionary
  • Extract from Livingstone’s sketch map of the drainage area of the Zambes
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Figure 7. Sketch map of the route from Cassange towards St Paul de Luanda on the Atlantic Ocean sent to the LMS (Courtesy of the Council for World Mission Archive, SOAS. CWM LMS Africa Odds Livingstone Box 3, No.87(2)).
    • karabo03
       
      Livingstone Sketch map and travel routes he traveled
  • Sketch map of the route from the upper reaches of the River Leeba towards St Paul de Luanda on the Atlantic Ocean
  • A photograph taken in natural light of two pages of Livingstone’s 1871 Field Diary.
  • A processed spectral image of two pages of Livingstone’s 1871 Field Diary
  • An extract from a sketch map in Livingstones’s own hand, drawn at different scales of the course of the Zambesi from Sesheke in the south to the river’s confluence with the Kabompo in the north
  • Extract from the map in Livingstone’s book Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa indicating his journey between Zumbo and Tete
  • Map of Livingstone’s travels in south-central Africa, 1866–1873
  • Map showing all Livingstone’s travels in south-central Africa, 1851–1873
    • karabo03
       
      The article abstract the life and exploration of David Livingstone. He made multiple expeditions, documented his findings, and advocated for the end of the slave trade. Despite facing hardships, he continued to push forward in his quest to uncover the mysteries of Africa. His legacy includes his contributions to mapping and exploration, as well as his humanitarian efforts and impact on European perceptions of Africa in which this article discuss or focus on.
katlegomodiba

An Ascent of Kilimanjaro.pdf - 1 views

  • Read at the Meeting of the Society, 27 November 1922. SINCE Africa's highest mountain was first seen and approached by Rebmann in 1848, and since Sir Harry Johnston's pioneer work on the upper slopes in 1884, eighteen men and at least one lady had reached the icy rim of the great crater on its summit. The first Englishman to climb to the top was Mr. W. C. West, of Capetown, whose ascent was accomplished in June 1914. Dr. Foerster, a German settler at Moshi,
    • katlegomodiba
       
      this is a journal article by C. Gillman about some expedition in Mount Kilimanjaro. The writer describes the mount Kilimanjaro and how it was and the conditions there.
  • NCE Africa's highest mountain was first seen and approached by Rebmann in 1848,
  • on the upper slopes in 1884, e
  • ...50 more annotations...
  • t Englishman to climb to the top was Mr. W. C. West, of Capetown, whose ascent was accomplished in June 1914. D
  • anjaro, and t
  • anjaro, and th
    • katlegomodiba
       
      Mount Kilimanjaro is located in the country Tanzania which in the Eastern part of the continent Africa. Kilimanjaro is one of Africa's tallest mountains at about 5, 895 meters and 19,340 feet. Many explorers, explored this mountain because it is well known in Africa and this mount changed how many explorers viewed Africa, it is well known that most Europeans viewed Africa as a continent that is
  • AN ASCENT OF KILIMANJARO 3 line 5200 metres above the surrounding plains (800 metres) to the summit of Kibo (5930
    • katlegomodiba
       
      Of course, many of the tallest mountains in the world and a number of volcanoes on the central and South American plateaus are higher than Kilimanjaro at sea level, but their bases, whether mountain chains or plateaus, are already at a significant altitude, whereas here the slopes rise uninterruptedly for 5,200 meters above plains below(800 meters) to the summit of Kibo.
  • ly ste
    • katlegomodiba
       
      a summit can be described as the highest point of a hill or a mountain.
  • y ste
  • aphical base to the top. Many peaks of the world's big fold mountains, several volcanoes on the Central and South American plateaus are of course actually higher above sea-level than Kilimanjaro, but their base, be it a chain or a plateau, lies already at a considerable altitude, whilst here t
  • AN ASCENT OF KILIMANJARO 3 line 5200 metres above the surrounding plains (800 metres) to the summit of Kibo (5930
  • bove. From a base about 80 kms. in diameter, the slopes rise very gently at first, and, gradually steepening towards the summit, produce that slightly concave outline so characteristic of Kilimanjaro and of strato-volcanoes generally, and indicating the fact that the earlier lavas have been poured out in a much more liquid state than the younger ones, which were m
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The slopes rise very gently at first, gradually steepening towards the summit to create that slightly concave outline so distinctive of Kilimanjaro and of strato-volcanoes generally, and indicating that older lavas have been poured out in a much more liquid state than the younger ones, which were more viscous. The slopes begin at a base that is about 80 km in diameter.
  • Structurally Kilimanjaro consists of three single strato-volcanoes, each of which has had its own
    • katlegomodiba
       
      Here the writer simply tells us that mount Kilimanjaro is made up three separate starti-volcanoes and each have their own history and origin
  • -volcano. The three cones whose centres of eruption lie on an almost straight line running west to east, are Shira in the west, Kibo in the centre, and Mavenzi in the east. Shira, the oldest, 4000 metres high, is to-day only a ruin with the remains of its former crater-wall forming a ragged more or less horizontal spur protruding from the western slope of its
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The three cones are namely Shira, Kibo and Mavenzi. Shira is the oldest and is only 4000 meters high, while Mvenzi is only 5270 meters high and Kibo is the highest with 5930 meters high.
  • eighbour. The second in age is Mavenzi, 5270 metres high, whose former crater, though much destroyed by erosion, is still well recognizable and opens by two deep barrancos towards the north-east. The centre is taken up by Kibo, 5930 metres, the youngest and highest of the three component volcanoes, and the only one which still shows an intact crater and a perpetu
  • rin
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The Kibo summit is the highest point of climbing Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania located in the mountain's arctic zone.
  • called Sa
    • katlegomodiba
       
      A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least on side. Plateaus occur on every continent and take up a third of the Earth's land.
  • tless small parasitic cones the .middle and lower slopes of the main massif. One of these cones, right down at the foot of the mountain in its south-east corner, has a large crater fllled by the beautiful emerald-green waters of lake Chala.
  • limatic features of Kilimanjaro are determined by three main factors: (1) the mountain's position in the equatorial region of continuous trade winds; (2) the isolation of a huge mass of rock rising from a level plain; and (3) the great height above this plain which brings the upper regions of the mountain well within the zone of the anti-tr
    • katlegomodiba
       
      Anti-trades are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They are also called westerlies.
  • ins. The results are ascending winds during the day and descending winds at night, the mountain winds being stronger over the southern than over the n
    • katlegomodiba
       
      This are the results of trades that bring vapour from the Indian Ocean that blows and that's what happens as soon as they approach the mountain.
  • slopes, because the former, being less steep than the latter, are more extended and therefore the air-column influenced by them much larger. It is these mountain winds which, by altering the horizontal direction of the trade as it strikes Kilimanjar
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The daily cycle is controlled by the mountain's winds, which change the trade's horizontal direction as it approaches Kilimanjaro.
  • slopes, because the former, being less steep than the latter, are more extended and therefore the air-column inf
  • alt
    • katlegomodiba
       
      it is difficult to understand this word, so it makes the whole sentence not to be understandable.
  • opes, to arctic
    • katlegomodiba
       
      the weather there is drier, with less snow in the winter and sunny summer days
  • o well dis
    • katlegomodiba
       
      discernible means to be visible or noticeable.
  • KILIMANJARO FROM THE NORTH-EA
  • KILIMANJARO FROM THE NORTH-EAST
    • katlegomodiba
       
      This picture shows how the mount Kilimanjaro looks like when one is viewing it from the north-east side. its a picture by C. Dundas
  • MAVENZI AND THE SADDLE PLATEAU FROM THE CAVE ON KIB
    • katlegomodiba
       
      A picture of how Mavenzi summit and saddle plateau looks like
  • n the surrounding plains and on the lower slopes up to 1100 metres, xerophile grass- and bush-steppe. (2) From 1100 to 1800 metres, a broad belt of agricultural land from which the original vegetation?lower tropical rain-forest?has been largely exterminated by man. The rainfall averages 1 metre. (3) The forest belt between 1800 and 3000, with its two subdivisions of upper tropical rain-forest and temperate mountain rainforest, and an annual rainfall of from 2 to 3 metres. (4) The alpine grass and shrub vegetation from 3000 to 4400 metres, with a rainfall of less than 1 metre; and finally, (5) The alpine desert, where lichens are the only plant form that can subsist, on the whole extremely dry and with all precipitations falling in the shape of snow o
  • the surrounding plains and on the lower slopes up to 1100 metres, xerophile grass- and bush-steppe. (2) From 1100 to 1800 metres, a broad belt of agricultural land from which the original vegetation?lower tropical rain-forest?has been largely exterminated by man. The rainfall averages 1 metre. (3) The forest belt between 1800 and 3000, with its two subdivisions of upper tropical rain-forest and temperate mountain rainforest, and an annual rainfall of from 2 to 3 metres. (4) The alpine grass and shrub vegetation from 3000 to 4400 metres, with a rainfall of less than 1 metre; and finally, (5) The alpine desert, where lichens are the only plant form that can subsist, on the whole extremely dry and with all precipitations falling in the shape of snow or
    • katlegomodiba
       
      This is something interesting about the explorers who were able to identify the five zones of Kilimanjaro and the meters they all have.
  • ent-da
    • katlegomodiba
       
      A glacier is a slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow on Mountains. glaciers were found in summit Kibo all present day.
  • n or meteorological con
    • katlegomodiba
       
      meteorological conditions are determined by the wind velocity and direction, the air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure and the stabilityy class.
  • a peculia
  • Kibo, however, shows a peculiarity, unique as far as our knowledge goes, in that its large central crater forms an island-like region of fusion, interrupting the region of feeding, t
    • katlegomodiba
       
      peculiarity is a strange or unusual feature or habit
  • l
  • latter thus being of annular shape and enclosing a dischargeless glacier ar
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The summit Kibo exhibits a characteristic that is unique to our knot in that its massive center crater divides the feeding zone into an island-like region of fusion and an annular region that is surrounded by a discharge-free glacier area.
  • ior Commissioner of Moshi, Messrs. P. Nason and F. J. Miller, and myself. The first day's march of seven hours took us through cultivated Chaga Land in an easterly direction to the little kingdom of Marang'u, which had supplied the porters for most of the former expeditions, and whence a good path leads through the forest belt. This march across the lower slopes of the mountain entailed a good many ups and downs caused by the deeply eroded radial valleys, but it also afforded us a fair insight into the life of a most interesting people. Nowhere in East Africa have I seen anything approaching the high standard of culture that is exhibited by the sturdy inhabitants of the cultivated zone of Kilimanjaro
    • katlegomodiba
       
      the mountain was fascinating
  • little chieftaincies
  • Grouped together in a number of little chieftaincies, the Wachaga are certainly a happy blend of the agricultural Bantu and the Hamitic herdsman. This is very probably due to the initiative of powerful and despotic rulers who, by imposing their will, led the masses to more intensive labour and thus to higher forms of civilization, and have understood how to make the best of the very favourable conditions which the well-watered mountain
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The explorers viewed the Wachagga as unquestionably a successful fusion of the agricultural Bantu and the Hamitic herdsman, grouped together in a number of small chieftaincies. This is very likely a result of the initiative of strong, despotic rulers who, by imposing their will, drove the populace toward more intense labour and, consequently, toward higher forms of civilization, and who also knew how to make the most of the favorable conditions that the well-watered mountain sloped offered. it is interesting that the slopes are watered
  • o abe
    • katlegomodiba
       
      abeyance means a state of temporary disuse or suspension
  • tropical forest, we rested on the lowest patch of grass at about 2000 metres. A further climb of a little more than an hour took us through the temperate rain-forest to the lowest of Dr. Foerster's huts (2730 metres), which we reached soon after noo
  • rd but healthy work are well built, sturdy, and tough. To see their women balancing huge bundles of thatch descend along a steep and slippery path, slim and erect, is a fine sight. And as to the men, our porters gave a good exhibition of their staying powe
  • e advantages of the cool dark shade. It probably requires the trained eye of the botanist to distinguish between the lower and upper tropical rain-forest. As far as I could see they both agree in their main characteristics, i.e. tall trees growing out into the light from a dense undergrowth, and large smooth shiny leaves adapted to a highly increased transpira
    • katlegomodiba
       
      It was difficult for explorers to distinguish the difference between the lower and upper tropical forest because they had similar features
  • The abundance of moisture with which the plants have to deal during most of the year up there in the mean altitude of the daily mists is aggravated by the comparative coolness of the climate. Mere enlarging of the transpiring leaf surface and the tropical devices for letting the water drip off no longer suffice. Other means had to be developed to deal with the altered environment. The leaves again become smaller and are often covered with thin hair, which, while allowing the surplus water to drip off easily, may also be regarded as pro
  • ht and heat there. The uppermost portion of the temperate forest consists almost entirely of tree-heather growing to a height of io to 15 metres. A most curious fact, and one which requires further investigation, is the absence of that bamboo belt which is found everywhere in East Africa above the rain-forest and, according to Uhlig, is particularly well developed on Mount Meru, only some 80 miles distant from
  • I wish to add a few words on the economic function of the forest be
  • he agriculture of the Wachaga, and with it their further progress towards civilization, but also the development of the European plantations in the lower regions of Kilimanjaro, depend in the first instance on that continuous and ample supply of water which the mountain guarantees them. It seems, therefore, of the utmost importance to understand clearly the agencies which influence this life-spending ele
    • katlegomodiba
       
      The mountain supplies the lower regions plantations of the Europeans with water. The question is why can't they just get water from rivers or even from the rainfall?
  • e perennial stre
    • katlegomodiba
       
      perennial streams are streams that have continuous flow of surface water throughout the year in at least parts of its catchment during seasons of normal rainfall
  • usal n
    • katlegomodiba
       
      a central or focal point
  • But the meteorological conditions of the mountain are such that a considerable portion of the vapour-laden atmosphere reaches the
  • regions above the forest before condensation has taken place, and the same is the ease with most of the moisture which the forest plants them? selves exhale again in the course
  • regions above the forest before condensation has taken place, and the same is the ease with most of the moisture which the forest plants them? selves exhale again in the cours
    • katlegomodiba
       
      Did the explorers actually watch everything that happened in the mountains
  • d awa
siphoesihletshabalala03

BOTSWANA PICTURE - 1 views

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    This picture depicts the introductory of guns in Southern Africa {Botswana} where most young and old men were taught how to use and handle the gun. The Batswana tribe grew into a big tribe and it started trading with foreign people including whites. Guns were increasing and increasing in Botswana and they came up with strategies on how they will defeat their enemies. One of the strategies was to always be in groups and always armed so that they ready incase an enemy attacks.
aneziwemkhungo

zulu kingdom hut picture before 1890 - Bing images - 3 views

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    This is a picture that shows the structure of the Zulu huts which Zulu people in the Zulu kingdom used for shelter. These huts are made of dried grasses and woven reeds to cover the dwellings. In the end, this hut was a dome-shaped structure.
karabo03

David livingstone africa hi-res stock photography and images - Alamy - 3 views

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    David Livingstone collection of pictures during his mission In Africa which gives us an idea of his early life In Africa as a Missionary
munarinimuwanwa

IMG-20230425-WA0111 - 0 views

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    The picture shows Fang traders holding ivory which comes from a highly respected animal which is an elephant. Ivory was the most exported when it comes to trade because it can be used for carnivals and it is expensive.
sinqobile

East Africa's forgotten slave trade - 1 views

shared by sinqobile on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
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    This picture depicts the place that was referred as the market slave, where enslaved Africans were transported before they were enslaved or bought to other countries.
thutomatlhoko

The Anglo-Zulu War - 0 views

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    This is a picture of map showing the British plan to attack/invade the Zululand.
andiswamntungwa

_methode_times_prod_web_bin_9ef6c6ca-4538-11eb-901d-af02e798b787 (1) - 0 views

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    This picture shows forgotten slaves. When Europeans and Americans brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic and put them to work, they did more than just inflict appalling suffering on their captives during their lifetimes. Ruthless European slave traders emptied villages and forced terrified victims onto ships bound for the Atlantic. Lines of chained humans marching towards slave markets under the watchful eyes of armed guards. Violent slave owners used torture and rape to force more work out of their captives. They also stole their legacies by pushing nearly all of them and their enslaved descendants to the margins of the historical record, so that today only a few enslaved people are recalled by name, and memories of the rest have been largely lost to posterity.
Siphesihle Diko

10.2307_community.24844541-1 - 7 views

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    In the picture provided, there is a depiction of African mountains at the top and an African river that is called by Zambezi at the bottom. However, in the middle, one can see a steam boat. This is a steam boat that was used by a well-established and well-known European explorer called David Livingstone, he used this steam point to embark on his explorations that were mostly based in the Zambezi River and the areas in which the Zambezi River encompasses such as the Victoria Falls and other African lakes. With the use of this steamboat depicted in the image, Livingstone became the first European to cross the width of the southern Africa.
mondlinzuza

zulu warrior - 7 views

shared by mondlinzuza on 25 Apr 23 - No Cached
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    The picture shows the Zulu warrior with a spear and shield. They used cow's skin to make a shield. The shield is ineffective when fighting an army with guns. Hence, the British won in the end against the Zulu army.
nkosinathi3

Google Image Result - 3 views

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    this picture is an illustration of when Dr Livingstone was attacked by a lion he was attempting to kill in The village of Mabotsa, near Robert Moffat's Kuruman station.
maureennompumelelo1

Map-of-Lake-Tanganyika-with-isobaths-depth-shown-in-250-m-intervals (1) - 4 views

shared by maureennompumelelo1 on 26 Apr 23 - No Cached
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    This picture shows a map of Tanganyika Lake with isobaths depth shown in 250m intervals in Central Africa on the borders of Tanzania, DRC, Zambia and Barundi.
keciatshebwa

CHURCH_OF_SCOTLAND_MISSION'S_CHURCH_AT_BLANTYRE_(MALAWI).jpg (2363×1682) - 3 views

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    A picture of the Church in Blantyre..
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