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To the Victoria Falls - David Livingstone - 1 views

www.tothevictoriafalls.com/...livingstone.html

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  • A Scottish medical missionary and explorer would be the first to make two important discoveries regarding the Zambizi river. Dr David Livingstone was the first to realise that the upper section of the river became the Zambezi known from the east coast, and the first to see the magnificent Victoria Falls, naming them after his British Queen and making them known to the world.
  • He arrived at Kuruman, a mission founded by Scottish missionary Robert Moffat in Bechuanaland (now Botswana), in July. He made few converts during his time as a missionary, but quickly learnt native languages and focused on teaching agriculture and medicine
  • In 1843, together with his wife and fellow missionary Roger Edwards, Livingstone established a mission station on the Kalahari margins at Mabotsa (near present-day Zeerust) amongst the Bakwena people, the chief of who, Sechele, would become Livingstone's only recorded religious convert
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • In 1843 David Livingstone nearly lost his life. Encouraged by the local people to help them deal with a troublesome lion, his shot merely wounded it and it charged and leapt at him.
  • At Kolobeng Livingstone built a home, erected a church, farmed, healed the sick and preached to Sechele’s people
    • nkosinathi3
      nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
       
      this is further proof of one of the many accomplishments Dr Livingstone achieved as a missionary in Africa.
  • In June 1849 David Livingstone, together with a wealthy hunter, William Cotton Oswell, set off in search of a great inland lake of which they had heard rumours – despite of the concerns of his employers, the London Missionary Society.
  • but on the 1st August 1849 they became the first Europeans to discover Lake Ngam
  • Livingstone took full advantage of their discovery, showing early signs of the skilled self-promotion which would make him the most celebrated explorer of his time. He received a gold medal by the Royal Geographical Society in London for his efforts.
nkosinathi3

Google Image Result - 3 views

www.diigo.com/...20i4

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  • nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
     
    this picture is an illustration of when Dr Livingstone was attacked by a lion he was attempting to kill in The village of Mabotsa, near Robert Moffat's Kuruman station.
nkosinathi3

David Livingstone - Prophet or Patron Saint of Imperialism in Africa: Myths and Misconc... - 1 views

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  • This 278 J.M. MacKenzie reveals the extent to which Livingstone’s fame seemed to be securely established without the help of the various alleged impresarios of legendary status.
  • Let us look at the paradox first and the overarching misconception about his life later. It is of course inevitable that all historical figures who are raised to such an almost transcendentally mythic status are going to be subjected to efforts to knock them off their metaphorical plinths. Livingstone has been no exception
  • Something of his extraordinary popularity can be gauged from the fact that in January 1857 a lecture on Livingstone by the Rev. William Garland Barrett (at which the explorer was not present) attracted an audience of 500 factory hands in Ashton-under-Lyne (Thorne 1999, p. 64). As Murchison put it in the following year, ‘the name of Livingstone was sufficient to attract an assembly larger than any room in London could hold’ (The Times, 15 February 1858, p. 3)
    • nkosinathi3
      nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Another example of just how much Dr Livingstone was respected for his works in Africa
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • reveals the extent to which Livingstone’s fame seemed to be securely established without the help of the various alleged impresarios of legendary status
  • Indeed, it seems to be the case that when such a personality is endowed with a particularly powerful instrumentality, others are going to set about denying him individual agency all together
  • Thus, Livingstone was already celebrated when he arrived home in 1856 and that celebrity was more than confirmed by the publication of his Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa in 1857, for it is a truly remarkable book, excitingly written not least for its powerful descriptions of the African landscape, full of observations on the geology, meteorology, hydrology, philology, anthropology, and botany of Africa, sometimes amusing, often sentimental, strikingly free of racism, immensely valuable even without its inevitable overlay of natural theology and evangelical religious purpose. Not least it is impressive for its respect for indigenous knowledge, for the efforts of its author to learn from the peoples among whom he travelled.
  • Moreover, his contribution to medical science in Africa and his influence on the development of medical missions are also being recognised (Etherington 2005, pp. 275, 278; Harrison 2013). At any rate, Livingstone’s undoubted role in raising the profile of the Royal Geographical Society was eventually acknowledged by the fact that his statue is set into the wall of its premises (Lowther Lodge, opened in 1913) in Kensington Gore.
  • So far as the attack by Listowel is concerned, her contention that Livingstone was so jealous of his own reputation and fame that he consciously set about cutting others out of the geographical story is surely hard to sustain. Dealing only with the accusation concerning William Cotton Oswell, the fact is that Livingstone never ceased declaring his debt to him. There are at least 16 references to Oswell, all highly laudatory, in Missionary Travels and Researches. Livingstone maintained a regular correspondence with Oswell and frequently mentioned him in his letters to the London Missionary Society (LMS) and to his many other correspondents (Schapera 1959, 1961, passim)
    • nkosinathi3
      nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
       
      more proof that attempts to taint Livingstone's reputation were unsuccessful and further prove that his fame is really a result of his hard work and efforts.
  • Livingstone had the vision, the local language, the institutional base, and above all his own devastating literacy to maintain his voluminous report and letter writing. It is not in the least surprising, and indeed entirely appropriate, that Livingstone secured the credit.
nkosinathi3

DAVID LIVINGSTONE: RENOWNED AFRICAN EXPLORER.pdf - 2 views

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  • High rank is being accorded him among the eminent explorers - Speke and Grant and Cameron and Stanley and others - who first withdrew the veil of mystery from before equatorial Africa, and allowed the civilized world to gaze upon it as it wa
  • imes having to rest for months to recover. At times he was famished from hunger; and had to subsist on barks óf trees and various roo
    • nkosinathi3
      nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
       
      Dr Livingstone experienced numerous hardships, but he still persevered and explored even deeper parts of Africa
  • trod hundreds of miles through sjvamps and quagmire with ulcered feet, every step being torture, and theii reluctantly had to submit to be carried by his bearers. For weeks together he had to lie on the water-soaked ground, without couch or blanket. Wild beasts tried to affright him, while wilder men-slave-traders and freebooters sought his life. Yet nothing could daunt his Scotch pluck, or cast him into despair concerning his work.
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  • easts in his judgment was the rhinoceros. The civilized world became so deeply interested in this remarkable man that it eagerly followed his .every footstep as far as it could by means of letters that came from him at the long interval of year
  • The feeling was so intense that James Gordon Bennett of the New York Herald determined upon knowing the facts. He summoned one of his staff - the intrepid Henry M. Stanley and appointed him to the duty. When Stanley asked his chief about the cost, this was Mr. Bennett's reply: "Draw a thousand pounds ($5,000) now, and when you have gone through that, draw another thousand, and then another thousand, and still another thousand, and so on, - but FIND LIVINGSTONE."
  • es. He explored the Zambesi River and its great tributaries. He astonished the world by his account of the Victoria Falls the greatest cataract on the globe. He furnished accurate information about the great equatorial lakes - Ngami, Nyassa, Bangweolo, Moero, Tanganyika, and many others. He found and made friends with tribes that he pronounced the finest specimens of physique that he had ever seen. He "became familiar with the numberless wil
  • deal. Stanley implored the weather-beaten explorer to return, but he declined, as his work was not completed.
  • He found fine coal measures, and taught the people how to use coal for fuel. He coached them how to build houses, to till fields, and to •defend themselves from ferocious beasts; and "he won all hearts by his kindliness, and the practice of his medical and surgical skill. The black men absolutely trusted this one white man, and never found their trust mispl
  • His body was brought to Zanzibar by his faithful native friends and handed over to the British cons
  • hip. He had more than fifty attacks of African fever, s
nkosinathi3

F. O. 881/2000 - Document - Nineteenth Century Collections Online - 1 views

go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=NCCO&u=rau_itw&id=GALE|AOSUQW509166629&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-NCCO&sPage=2&asid=6d44448e

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  • nkosinathi3 on 26 Apr 23
     
    The primary source is a list of letters from Dr Livingstone, one of history's greatest explorers, to his associates. In these letters he describes in great detail his adventures and explorations all around central Africa. These letters and the contents in them prove he was a really great explorer. In my diigo assignment I will be using one of the letters, the first one, in this primary source as evidence of his great adventures, though there is much more adventures written down in the rest of the letters. The first letter describe Livingstone's journey from Ujiji, following the great rivers and lakes of the area. The most noticeable rivers was the Lualaba. The journey was to reach the residence of the Manyema, which had a reputation of cannibalism around the area. Before reaching Bamabarre, the residence of the manyema, they came across a company of slaves carrying ivory. The slaves had had a very bad encounter with the manyema and as such, they described them as very evil people to Dr. Livingstone and his company. The letter also describes Dr Livingstone's company's encounter with another tribe in the are which was maltreated by slave owners and who were very wary of Dr Livinstone and his company since he had the same skin colour as the people that mistreated them, but the worst they did to Livingstone was to escort him out of the settlement with their shields and spears. The second part of the letter describes Dr Livingstone's journey North of Bmbarre, along the Lualaba river to buy a canoe. The letter describes the treacherous and yet beautiful journey across the forest. The letter gives detailed descriptions of the landscape and the vegetation of the area they were traveling through. These are all important parts of the source because they highlight the conditions Dr Livingstone experienced but never stopped In his explorations. The letter also describes the rush for buying cheap ivory along his journey with his company. He describes the events explici
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