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mshilling1

The Importance of Logic and Critical Thinking | WIRED - 0 views

  • The rationality of the world is what is at risk. Too many people are taken advantage of because of their lack of critical thinking, logic and deductive reasoning
  • These same people are raising children without these same skills, creating a whole new generation of clueless people.
  • However, valid logic does not always guarantee truth or a sound argument.
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  • Valid logic is when the structure of logic is correct in the way of syntax and semantics rather than truth.
  • The basic lesson here is that, while the logic above might seem valid because of the structure of the statement, it takes a further understanding to figure out why it's not necessarily true
  • The underlying lesson here is not to immediately assume everything you read or are told is true, something all children need to and should learn.
margogramiak

Brain tissue yields clues to causes of PTSD -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
    • margogramiak
       
      We have talked about PTSD in class, and how certain triggers associate with memories and feelings.
  • why women are more susceptible to it
    • margogramiak
       
      I didn't realize women were more susceptible.
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  • prefrontal cortex
    • margogramiak
       
      This is another thing we have talked and read about.
  • Major differences in gene activity particularly affected two cell types in PTSD patients -- interneurons, which inhibit neural activity, and microglia, immune system cells in the central nervous system, the researchers report Dec. 21 in the journal Nature Neuroscience.
    • margogramiak
       
      I had no idea there was any sort of genetic links with PTSD. That's very interesting, and I'm assuming important info to know from a medical standpoint.
  • About 8% of the general population has been diagnosed with PTSD.
    • margogramiak
       
      That's a lot of people.
  • as many as 35% exhibit PTSD symptoms.
    • margogramiak
       
      Not that I know a lot about PTSD, but this makes sense to me.
  • These differences might help explain why women are more than twice as likely to develop PTSD and other anxiety disorders than men and why they are likely to experience more severe symptoms, the findings suggest.
    • margogramiak
       
      That's super interesting. Again, I had no idea how disproportionately women were affected.
  • "This is a new beginning for the PTSD field,
    • margogramiak
       
      Awesome! Maybe that means closer to a cure.
  • "We need new treatments for PTSD, and studies like this will provide the scientific foundation for a new generation of medication development efforts."
    • margogramiak
       
      That's fantastic.
margogramiak

Brain imaging predicts PTSD after brain injury: Brain volume measurement may provide early biomarker -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex psychiatric disorder brought on by physical and/or psychological trauma
  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex psychiatric disorder brought on by physical and/or psychological trauma
    • margogramiak
       
      We've talked about PTSD in class before, and its links to memories, thoughts, and feelings.
  • Now, researchers using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have found potential brain biomarkers of PTSD in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
    • margogramiak
       
      Are they just now identifying something to read from an MRI that marks PTSD? Or is it a new type of MRI? As far as I know, the type of MRI they are referring to is nothing new.
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  • The relationship between TBI and PTSD has garnered increased attention in recent years as studies have shown considerable overlap in risk factors and symptoms,
    • margogramiak
       
      Overlap between traumatic brain injuries and PTSD. Interesting.
  • At 3 months, 77 participants, or 18 percent, had likely PTSD; at 6 months, 70 participants or 16 percent did. All subjects underwent brain imaging after injury.
    • margogramiak
       
      That's interesting. So, the numbers were decreasing?
  • "MRI studies conducted within two weeks of injury were used to measure volumes of key structures in the brain thought to be involved in PTSD,"
    • margogramiak
       
      What part of the brain is that?
  • Specifically, smaller volume in brain regions called the cingulate cortex, the superior frontal cortex, and the insula predicted PTSD at 3 months.
    • margogramiak
       
      Answers my previous question. I'm unfamiliar with the cingulate cortex.
  • Together, the findings suggest that a "brain reserve," or higher cortical volumes, may provide some resilience against PTSD.
    • margogramiak
       
      Is that something they can alter?
margogramiak

Study sheds new light on how the brain distinguishes speech from noise -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • strongly influences sound processing in an important auditory region of the brain. The neuromodulator, acetylcholine, may even help the main auditory brain circuitry distinguish speech from noise.
  • strongly influences sound processing in an important auditory region of the brain. The neuromodulator, acetylcholine, may even help the main auditory brain circuitry distinguish speech from noise.
    • margogramiak
       
      This reminds me of a concept we covered in class. The brain searches for patterns in any type of sound, which is something we talked and read about. I'm assuming this article will have something to do with that idea.
  • it has rarely been studied at the more fundamental levels of the brain,
    • margogramiak
       
      So, in a sense, they're going back to the basics.
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  • "This study will likely bring new attention in the field to the ways in which circuits like this, widely considered a 'simple' one, are in fact highly complex and subject to modulatory influence like higher regions of the brain,"
    • margogramiak
       
      Cool. I wonder how research like this applies to medicine, or if it does at all. I always think research has more value if it's able to impact someone's life in a medical sense.
  • Additionally, they describe novel anatomical projections that provide acetylcholine input to the MNTB.
    • margogramiak
       
      So, contrary to my previous belief, the science is more complicated than just pattens.
  • "You can think of this modulation as akin to shifting an antenna's position to eliminate static for your favorite radio station."
    • margogramiak
       
      I love when complex info or science is translated into simpler terms or analogies like this.
  • the researchers identified for the first time a set of completely unknown connections in the brain between the modulatory centers and this important area of the auditory system.
    • margogramiak
       
      First time finds is very exciting!
  • understanding how other sensory information is processed in the brain.
    • margogramiak
       
      cool!
margogramiak

COVID-19 anxiety linked to body image issues: Study finds association between stress and anxiety, and negative body image -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • A new study has found that anxiety and stress directly linked to COVID-19 could be causing a number of body image issues amongst women and men.
  • A new study has found that anxiety and stress directly linked to COVID-19 could be causing a number of body image issues amongst women and men.
    • margogramiak
       
      In class, we've talked countless times about how weird the brain is, and how there are so many things that simply don't make sense. Simply reading this description and title, this seems like ones of those things.
  • Amongst women, the study found that feelings of anxiety and stress caused by COVID-19 were associated with a greater desire for thinness
    • margogramiak
       
      I need an explanation for this.
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  • Amongst the male participants, the study found that COVID-19-related anxiety and stress was associated with greater desire for muscularity, with anxiety also associated with body fat dissatisfaction.
    • margogramiak
       
      Wow, that's so interesting.
  • COVID-19, and the consequences of the restrictions introduced to help tackle it, could be contributing to a number of serious mental health issues.
    • margogramiak
       
      Yikes. So getting covid is a health issue, yet so is the worry of getting it.
  • In some cases, these issues can have very serious repercussions, including triggering eating disorders.
    • margogramiak
       
      What is it that connects the two?
  • Certainly during the initial spring lockdown period, our screen time increased, meaning that we were more likely to be exposed to thin or athletic ideals through the media, while decreased physical activity may have heightened negative thoughts about weight or shape. At the same time, it is possible that the additional anxiety and stress caused by COVID-19 may have diminished the coping mechanisms we typically use to help manage negative thoughts.
    • margogramiak
       
      Ahhhhh. This makes sense. So it's quarantine's fault more than anything. People who have covid anxiety tend be more responsible, and tend to stay home more, This leads to more screen time which leads to body image issues.
  • uring lockdown, women may have felt under greater pressure to conform to traditionally feminine roles and norms
    • margogramiak
       
      oh, really?
  • iven that masculinity typically emphasises the value of toughness, self-reliance, and the pursuit of status, COVID-19-related stress and anxiety may be leading men to place greater value on the importance of being muscular."
    • margogramiak
       
      Make sense.
caelengrubb

February 2016: 400 Years Ago the Catholic Church Prohibited Copernicanism | Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective - 0 views

  • In February-March 1616, the Catholic Church issued a prohibition against the Copernican theory of the earth’s motion.
  • This led later (1633) to the Inquisition trial and condemnation of Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) as a suspected heretic, which generated a controversy that continues to our day.
  • In 1543, Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This book elaborated the (geokinetic and heliocentric) idea that the earth rotates daily on its own axis and revolves yearly around the sun
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  • Since antiquity, this idea had been considered but rejected in favor of the traditional (geostatic and geocentric) thesis that the earth stands still at the center of the universe.
  • The objections to the geokinetic and heliocentric idea involved astronomical observations, the physics of motion, biblical passages, and epistemological principles (e.g., the reliability of human senses, which reveal a stationary earth)
  • The Inquisition launched an investigation. Galileo’s writings were evaluated and other witnesses interrogated. The charges against Galileo were unsubstantiated. However, the officials started worrying about the status of heliocentrism and consulted a committee of experts.
  • These discoveries did not conclusively prove Copernicanism, but provided new evidence in its favor and refutations of some old objections.
  • Galileo became more explicit in his pursuit of heliocentrism, and this soon got him into trouble.
  • In February-March 1615, one Dominican friar filed a written complaint against him, and another one testified in person in front of the Roman Inquisition. They accused Galileo of heresy, for believing in the earth’s motion, which contradicted Scripture, e.g., the miracle in Joshua 10:12-13.
  • Copernicus did not really refute these objections, but he elaborated a novel and important astronomical argument. Thus, Copernicanism attracted few followers. At first, Galileo himself was not one of them, although he was interested because his new physics enabled him to answer the mechanical objections.
  • On February 24, 1616, the consultants unanimously reported the assessment that heliocentrism was philosophically (i.e., scientifically) false and theologically heretical or at least erroneous.
  • The following day, the Inquisition, presided by Pope Paul V, considered the case. Although it did not endorse the heresy recommendation, it accepted the judgments of scientific falsity and theological error, and decided to prohibit the theory.
  • the Church was going to declare the idea of the earth’s motion false and contrary to Scripture, and so this theory could not be held or defended. Galileo agreed to comply.
  • Without mentioning Galileo, it publicly declared the earth’s motion false and contrary to Scripture. It prohibited the reading of Copernicus’s Revolutions, and banned a book published in 1615 by Paolo Antonio Foscarini; he had argued that the earth’s motion was probably true, and certainly compatible with Scripture.
  • The 1616 condemnation of Copernicanism was bad enough for the relationship between science and religion, but the problems were compounded by Galileo’s trial 17 years later.
  • Galileo kept quiet until 1623, when a new pope was elected, Urban VIII, who was a great admirer of Galileo.
  • The Inquisition summoned him to Rome, and the trial proceedings lasted from April to June 1633. He was found guilty of suspected heresy, for defending the earth’s motion, and thus denying the authority of Scripture.
  • “Suspected heresy” was not as serious a religious crime as “formal heresy,” and so his punishment was not death by being burned at the stake, but rather house arrest and the banning of the Dialogue.
  • The Church’s condemnation of Copernicanism and Galileo became the iconic illustration of the problematic relationship between science and religion.
  • This controversy will probably not end any time soon. This may be seen from Pope Francis’s 2015 encyclical Laudato Si’, with its focus on climate change. Whatever its merits, it could be criticized for having failed to learn, from the Galileo affair, the lesson that the Church should be wary of interfering in scientific matters.
ardenganse

Living With Aphantasia, the Inability to Make Mental Images - The New York Times - 0 views

  • Many educators believe visualization is key to reading comprehension since it allows readers to organize information in their minds, make inferences, and remember content more effectively.
  • Aphantasia is not a monolithic condition. People who believe they have aphantasia, known as aphants, debate in online groups about whether it should be deemed a disability. Some who are just finding out about their condition in their 50s or 60s say they never felt hindered, while others believe they failed courses in school because of it.
    • ardenganse
       
      It's interesting how people have different experiences with Aphantasia.
  • Not being able to visualize means never picturing the faces of family or close friends and remembering images as abstract information.
    • ardenganse
       
      We don't tend to realize how essential this is to our lives, whether or not our memories are actually reliable.
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  • It might be while reminiscing about the past and realizing they’re having a different experience with memory than their friends or family.
  • Ultimately, aphantasia is just one of the many ways that people’s brains and learning styles are different.
  • When I close my eyes, all I see is faint blue dots and darkness, and for 19 years, I assumed that’s what everyone else saw too.
margogramiak

Perceiving prosthesis as lighter thanks to neurofeedback -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

  • Leg amputees are often not satisfied with their prosthesis, even though the sophisticated prostheses are becoming available.
  • Leg amputees are often not satisfied with their prosthesis, even though the sophisticated prostheses are becoming available.
    • margogramiak
       
      We read and talked about amputation in class, specifically phantom limb pain.
  • One important reason for this is that they perceive the weight of the prosthesis as too high, despite the fact that prosthetic legs are usually less than half the weight of a natural limb.
    • margogramiak
       
      An example of how perception is crazy.
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  • nformation from tactile sensors under the sole of the prosthetic foot and from angle sensors in the electronic prosthetic knee joint are converted into pulses of current and passed in to the nerves.
    • margogramiak
       
      Wow. That's pretty cool
  • "To trick an above-knee amputee's brain into the belief that the prosthetic leg was similar to his own leg, we artificially restored the lost sensory feedback,
    • margogramiak
       
      That makes a lot of sense. Of course you would want to emulate a real limb as best as you could.
  • hey weighed down the healthy foot with additional weights and asked the study participant to rate how heavy he felt the two legs were in relation to each other. Neurofeedback was found to reduce the perceived weight of the prosthesis by 23 percent, or almost 500 grams.
    • margogramiak
       
      I wonder if this would differ for people born without limbs, as opposed to people whose limbs were amputated.
  • The sensory feedback not only allowed him to have a faster gait but also to have a higher spelling accuracy.
    • margogramiak
       
      Wow. I don't even want to begin to think about how that connection works. So cool!
ilanaprincilus06

What Gen Z Latino Voters Want America To Know : Code Switch : NPR - 1 views

  • Latinx voters have seldom been taken seriously by electoral politics.
  • In August, two thirds of Latino voters polled by Latino Decisions said they had not been contacted by either Republicans or Democrats ahead of the 2020 election.
  • For the first time, they are projected to be the second-largest voting demographic, trailing only behind non-Hispanic white people.
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  • I'm faced with reading the news about another Black person being killed, just because of their skin color, or another trans woman being killed because of their identity. So, I'm taking this fear, and I'm taking these emotions and I'm stepping up."
  • How did the system become so messed up that the people haven't been represented?
  • And according to historian Geraldo Cadava, there are a million more eligible Latino voters this election cycle than there were in 2016.
  • "I think people are doing a terrible job of getting young people to vote, because they are trying to fit us in their system that is inherently against a radical teenager's thought.
  • people are like, 'Why aren't young people voting?' It's because politics is terrible in the U.S.!
  • Not being a very politically active person isn't really an excuse to turn a blind eye to what's happening now."
  • "Sometimes I just feel like they are aware that we are important, but at the end of the day we are not going to get the respect that we deserve.
  • After the elections, they are just going to portray us with stereotypes, and they are just going to forget about writing stories that actually reflect who we are.
katedriscoll

What is Falsification? | TOKTalk.net - 0 views

  • This is how science works, and how it should work. If the theory fails to make the correct predictions, then you have to replace the theory. This is what you call scientific progress. You replace old theories with better ones.
  • And now to a question that some of you are burning to know the answer of: “Is the falsification principle falsifyable?” I once read, I don’t know if it’s true, that Karl Popper used to kick his students out of the classroom for asking such a question. The falsification principle is that what its name says, it is a principle and not a scientific theory. No, the falsification principle itself is not falsifyable, it is not scientific. It belongs to metascience, or philosophy. Don’t forget: the scientific method – hypothesis, experimentation, observation, conclusion – is also not falsifyable, still it is used by scientists on a daily basis.
Javier E

UFO Report Says 'Unidentified Aerial Phenomena' Defy Worldly Explanation - WSJ - 0 views

  • WASHINGTON—U.S. intelligence officials reviewing dozens of reports of mysterious flying objects found 18 in which the objects displayed no visible propulsion or appeared to use technology beyond the known capabilities of the U.S. or its adversaries, according to an intelligence report released Friday.
  • The objects “appeared to remain stationary in winds aloft, move against the wind, maneuver abruptly, or move at considerable speed, without discernible means of propulsion,” the report stated. Some of them released radio frequency energy that was picked up and processed by U.S. military aircraft.
  • Of the 144 unidentified aerial phenomena sighting reports, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence placed only one of the cases into any of categories—a large, deflating balloon. “The others remain unexplained,” the report read.
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  • Friday’s report encompasses 144 reports of unidentified aerial phenomena from 2004 until this year and offers almost no conclusive interpretation for the sightings. “They very clearly demonstrate an array of aerial behaviors, which makes it very clear to us that there are multiple types of unidentified aerial phenomena that require different explanations,” one of the officials said.
  • “The potential of this report was actually significant,” said Seth Shostak, a senior astronomer at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif. “It could have come up with something that was incontrovertible evidence for extraterrestrial flight. That was the implicit promise here. But in the end, it didn’t go any farther than reports made in the 1950s. We can explain some of these things, but we can’t explain them all.”
Javier E

Imagine a World Without Apps - The New York Times - 0 views

  • Allow me to ask a wild question: What if we played games, shopped, watched Netflix and read news on our smartphones — without using apps?
  • the downsides of our app system — principally the control that Apple and Google, the dominant app store owners in much of the world, exert over our digital lives — are onerous enough to contemplate another path.
  • in recent months, Microsoft’s Xbox video gaming console, the popular game Fortnite and other game companies have moved ahead with technology that makes it possible to play video games on smartphone web browsers.
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  • if apps weren’t dominant, would we have a richer variety of digital services from a broader array of companies?
  • In the early smartphone era, there was a tug of war between technologies that were more like websites and the apps we know today. Apps won, mostly because they were technically superior.
  • control. Apple and Google dictate much of what is allowed on the world’s phones. There are good outcomes from this, including those companies weeding out bad or dangerous apps and giving us one place to find them.
  • ith unhappy side effects. Apple and Google charge a significant fee on many in-app purchases, and they’ve forced app makers into awkward workarounds.
  • You know what’s free from Apple and Google’s iron grip? The web. Smartphones could lean on the web instead.
  • This is about imagining an alternate reality where companies don’t need to devote money to creating apps that are tailored to iPhones and Android phones, can’t work on any other devices and obligate app makers to hand over a cut of each sale.
  • Maybe more smaller digital companies could thrive. Maybe our digital services would be cheaper and better. Maybe we’d have more than two dominant smartphone systems
Javier E

The Case for Teaching Ignorance - The New York Times - 1 views

  • Far too often, she believed, teachers fail to emphasize how much about a given topic is unknown.
  • She wanted her students to recognize the limits of knowledge and to appreciate that questions often deserve as much attention as answers
  • in recent years scholars have made a convincing case that focusing on uncertainty can foster latent curiosity, while emphasizing clarity can convey a warped understanding of knowledge.
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  • Presenting ignorance as less extensive than it is, knowledge as more solid and more stable, and discovery as neater also leads students to misunderstand the interplay between answers and questions.
  • Discovery is not the neat and linear process many students imagine, but usually involves, in Dr. Firestein’s phrasing, “feeling around in dark rooms, bumping into unidentifiable things, looking for barely perceptible phantoms.”
  • As he argued in his 2012 book “Ignorance: How It Drives Science,” many scientific facts simply aren’t solid and immutable, but are instead destined to be vigorously challenged and revised by successive generations.
  • People tend to think of not knowing as something to be wiped out or overcome, as if ignorance were simply the absence of knowledge. But answers don’t merely resolve questions; they provoke new ones.
  • The larger the island of knowledge grows, the longer the shoreline — where knowledge meets ignorance — extends. The more we know, the more we can ask.
  • Questions don’t give way to answers so much as the two proliferate together. Answers breed questions. Curiosity isn’t merely a static disposition but rather a passion of the mind that is ceaselessly earned and nurtured.
  • Mapping the coast of the island of knowledge, to continue the metaphor, requires a grasp of the psychology of ambiguity. The ever-expanding shoreline, where questions are born of answers, is terrain characterized by vague and conflicting information. The resulting state of uncertainty, psychologists have shown, intensifies our emotions: not only exhilaration and surprise, but also confusion and frustration.
  • The borderland between known and unknown is also where we strive against our preconceptions to acknowledge and investigate anomalous data, a struggle Thomas S. Kuhn described in his 1962 classic, “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.”
  • giving due emphasis to unknowns, highlighting case studies that illustrate the fertile interplay between questions and answers, and exploring the psychology of ambiguity are essential.
  • The time has come to “view ignorance as ‘regular’ rather than deviant,” the sociologists Matthias Gross and Linsey McGoey have boldly argued. Our students will be more curious — and more intelligently so — if, in addition to facts, they were equipped with theories of ignorance as well as theories of knowledge.
  • This article makes an excellent case for "ignorance studies" but, ironically, treats "agnotology" as a cutting edge concept when in fact it is an old notion with a long history and a better name: "nescience." Nescience can refer to the Socratic idea of learned ignorance, but the concept was also developed in the eighteenth century, chiefly by Scottish commonsense philosopher Thomas Reid
  • "nescience" has considerable advantages over "agnotology". Linguistically, nescience is the precise opposite of "science" (scio: "I know"; nescio: "I don't know"). So why not stick with the Latin root word--and avoid any of the unfortunate connotations "ignorance" has in contemporary parlance? Historically, the word reminds us of the concept's provenance in Socratic philosophy and the Scottish enlightenment. Finally, unearthing the history of "nescience" might yield an unexpected insight into American intellectual history, since many of our founders read Thomas Reid's philosophy in college.
Javier E

Opinion | Why Aren't We Curious About the Things We Want to Be Curious About? - The New York Times - 3 views

  • why do I so often learn things I don’t want to know? When I’m surfing the web I want to be drawn in by articles on Europe’s political history or the nature of quasars, but I end up reading trivia like a menu from Alcatraz prison. Why am I not curious about the things I want to be curious about?
  • if you understand what prompts curiosity, you may be able to channel it a little better.
  • Across evolutionary time, curious animals were more likely to survive because they learned about their environments;
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  • it’s good to know about your environment even if it doesn’t promise a reward right now; knowledge may be useless today, but vital next week. Therefore, evolution has left us with a brain that can reward itself; satisfying curiosity feels pleasurable, so you explore the environment even when you don’t expect any concrete payoff
  • What’s more, curiosity doesn’t just ensure new opportunities for learning, it enhances learning itself
  • subjects better remembered those appearing after trivia questions that made them curious. Curiosity causes a brain state that amplifies learning.
  • This function of curiosity — to heighten memory — is the key to understanding why we’re curious about some things and not others. We feel most curious when exploration will yield the most learning.
  • Suppose I ask you, “What’s the most common type of star in the Milky Way?” You’ll obviously feel no curiosity if you already know the answer. But you’ll also feel little interest if you know nothing about stars; if you learned the answer, you couldn’t connect it to other knowledge, so it would seem nearly meaningless, an isolated factoid
  • We’re maximally curious when we sense that the environment offers new information in the right proportion to complement what we already know.
  • Note that your brain calculates what you might learn in the short term — your long-term interests aren’t a factor
  • Many websites that snare your time feature scores of stories on the front page, banking that one will strike each reader’s sweet spot of knowledge. So visit websites that use the same strategy but offer richer content, for example, JSTOR Daily, Arts & Letters Daily or ScienceDaily.
  • Curiosity arises from the right balance of the familiar and the novel. Naturally, writers vary in what they assume their audience already knows and wants to know; when you find an author who tends to have your number, stick with her.
Javier E

We need a major redesign of life - The Washington Post - 0 views

  • Thirty years were added to average life expectancy in the 20th century, and rather than imagine the scores of ways we could use these years to improve quality of life, we tacked them all on at the end. Only old age got longer.
  • As a result, most people are anxious about the prospect of living for a century. Asked about aspirations for living to 100, typical responses are “I hope I don’t outlive my money” or “I hope I don’t get dementia.”
  • Each generation is born into a world prepared by its ancestors with knowledge, infrastructure and social norms. The human capacity to benefit from this inherited culture afforded us such extraordinary advantages that premature death was dramatically reduced in a matter of decades. Yet as longevity surged, culture didn’t keep up
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  • Long lives are not the problem. The problem is living in cultures designed for lives half as long as the ones we have.
  • Retirements that span four decades are unattainable for most individuals and governments; education that ends in the early 20s is ill-suited for longer working lives; and social norms that dictate intergenerational responsibilities between parents and young children fail to address families that include four or five living generations.
  • Last year, the Stanford Center on Longevity launched an initiative called “The New Map of Life.”
  • it would be a mistake to replace the old rigid model of life — education first, then family and work, and finally retirement — with a new model just as rigid
  • there should be many different routes, interweaving leisure, work, education and family throughout life, taking people from birth to death with places to stop, rest, change courses and repeat steps along the way.
  • To thrive in an age of rapid knowledge transfer, children not only need reading, math and computer literacy, but they also need to learn to think creatively and not hold on to “facts” too tightly. They’ll need to find joy in unlearning and relearning.
  • Teens could take breaks from high school and take internships in workplaces that intrigue them. Education wouldn’t end in youth but rather be ever-present and take many forms outside of classrooms, from micro-degrees to traveling the world.
  • There is good reason to think we will work longer, but we can improve work quality with shorter workweeks, flexible scheduling and frequent “retirements.”
  • Rather than saving ever-larger pots of money for the end of life, we could pool risks in new ways
  • Generations may share wealth earlier than traditional bequests; we can start savings accounts at birth and allow young adults to work earlier so that compound interest can work in their favor.
  • Maintaining physical fitness from the beginning to end of life will be paramount. Getting children outside, encouraging sports, reducing the time we sit, and spending more time walking and moving will greatly improve individual lives.
Javier E

Simon Stone Faced the Unthinkable. He Thinks You Should Too. - The New York Times - 0 views

  • When he was 12, his father had a heart attack in a swimming pool, dying in front of him. Stone immersed himself in plays, reading as many as five a day, and films, sometimes watching 15 in a week. He turned to acting, because he was, he said, “really, really weirdly behaved. I had too many emotions, too many too inappropriate emotions.” Those emotions found a home onstage.
  • Instead of alienating audiences, he wants to bring them closer, reminding them of the archetypes that persist even in their own lives. Watching most tragedies, you can comfort yourself with the idea that you would escape that fate, because you are more circumspect, more evolved, because you have been to therapy. His plays don’t allow that.
  • In his early 20s, he founded a theater company in Melbourne, the Hayloft Project, and began directing classical plays, rewriting scenes that felt stodgy, outdated. Eventually, as a resident director at the Belvoir theater in Sydney, he began reworking the plays entirely — “sampling and remixing,” as he put it — modernizing circumstance and idiom to show myths endure.
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  • His theater uses contemporary language and circumstance to get at the center of a nightmare — his own nightmare: dying young because his father died young — and maybe find a way to wake up from it. He is just old-fashioned enough to believe in catharsis, the idea that tragedy can purge us of our pity and fear, that it can heal.
Javier E

How Knowledge Helps | American Federation of Teachers - 0 views

  • You Take in New Information
  • there is a greater probability that you will have the knowledge to successfully make the necessary inferences to understand a text
  • Thus, background knowledge makes one a better reader in two ways.
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  • rich background knowledge means that you will rarely need to reread a text in an effort to consciously search for connections in the text
cartergramiak

Opinion | 'Because of You Guys, I'm Stuck in My Room' - The New York Times - 1 views

  • Residents and caregivers at senior living facilities write about life during the pandemic — and trying to stay safe while facing the challenges of long-term isolation.
  • A former special education teacher, she told me she found the isolation and loneliness of lockdown “so heartbreaking.”
  • She said she gets frustrated when she hears about young people flouting social distancing rules. “I think, ‘Because of you guys, I’m stuck in my room. I would like to put you in my room for a week and see how you like it.’”
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  • My mom isn’t able to write or read after suffering from two strokes. In addition to early-stage dementia, she has expressive aphasia, which means she has difficulty talking. In early November, we received an email from her residential care facility saying that four staff members had tested positive. Mom tested negative. But soon after, she called telling me her next-door neighbor was sick with the virus. I started planning how I could remove my mom from the facility.
  • We waited until 4 p.m. for another test result, also negative, and I got her soon after. She had two bags packed and was practically running out the door — away from the boredom, loneliness, scary and confusing events, unknown staff members with covered faces.
  • When Covid-19 hit, all family visits were halted. Dorothy was OK at first, already accustomed to the staff feeding her twice a day. But after a while, I think it hit her. Her family was gone. We could not tell her why or where they were. We could not reassure her, although we tried.Dorothy slowly went downhill, and in July, she died. She is the collateral damage, the many who decline simply from the isolation and loss of routine, but most important, from the loss of the people who love them. She was one of many here, and she deserves a voice.
  • My mother is fortunate that she is in an assisted-living facility that cares. It adheres to the guidelines. Unfortunately, the very rules that keep its residents physically protected do not support their emotional health. There are no easy answers.
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