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Re: How the case against the MMR vaccine was fixed | BMJ - 0 views

www.bmj.com/...-against-mmr-vaccine-was-fixed

Dr. Wakefield MMR vaccines vaccinations colitis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jan 12 - No Cached

Nathan Goodyear on 29 Jan 12

Microbiologist defends Dr. Wakefield. Found no intent to misrepresent facts of colitis.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">Microbiologist defends Dr. Wakefield. Found no intent to misrepresent facts of colitis.</div>

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Original Articles: Comparison of Insulin Action on Glucose versus Potassium Uptake in H... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3133473

diabetes insulin resistance potassium hyperkalemia glucose insulin

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Oct 17 - No Cached

When treating hyperkalemia, insulin remains efficacious in diabetics and nondiabetics and one does not need to resort to b-agonists, and diabetics do not require different doses of insulin to shift potassium
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the commonly encountered “insulin-resistant” patients actually have preserved insulin-induced potassium disposal, one wonders why their high insulin levels are not causing hypokalemia
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insulin independently regulates glucose and potassium uptake into cells and this independence explains why in noninsulin-dependent diabetic insulin resistance leads to impaired insulin uptake into cells but has no effect on the cell's potassium disposal
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insulin suppresses glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and fatty acid release, and protein catabolism and is the principal hormone that stimulates glucose uptake into mainly skeletal muscle and to a certain extent adipocytes
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Plasma [K+] is a major determinant of the resting potential of all cells
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Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia are silent yet fatal disturbances because of their arrhythmogenic potentials
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Basal insulin maintains fasting plasma [K+] within the normal range
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When insulin levels are suppressed, plasma [K+] rises and pronounced hyperkalemia develops after a potassium load
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Potassium is a well proven insulin secretagogue
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Insulin is a key defender against exogenous potassium load by using intracellular buffering to minimize hyperkalemia before renal excretion
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Hyperkalemia is often encountered in patients with diabetes
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The insulin-deficient state in type 1 diabetes predisposes to hyperkalemia because of an impaired ability of potassium to enter cells. During hyperglycemic hypertonic states in type 1 and type 2 diabetics, potassium is carried out of cells by convective flux as the most abundant intracellular cation
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Nathan Goodyear on 31 Oct 17

good review of the potassium, glucose, insulin relationship mostly in diabetes. In diabetes, hyperkalemia is present due to the hyperglycemia and the associated exchange. Inuslin independantly regulates potassium and glucose intake into the cell. INterestingly, in IR found in diabetes, the hyperkalemia is the norm, which should cause hypokalemia--the authors were perplexed by this finding.

<div class="cArrow"> </div><div class="cContentInner">good review of the potassium, glucose, insulin relationship mostly in diabetes. In diabetes, hyperkalemia is present due to the hyperglycemia and the associated exchange. Inuslin independantly regulates potassium and glucose intake into the cell. INterestingly, in IR found in diabetes, the hyperkalemia is the norm, which should cause hypokalemia--the authors were perplexed by this finding.</div>

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