Beta Glucan: Health Benefits in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome - 0 views
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beta glucan (β-glucan), which is a dietary fiber readily found in oat and barley bran
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Among cereals, the highest content (g per 100 g dry weight) of β-glucan has been reported for barley: 2–20 g (65% is water-soluble fraction) and for oats: 3–8 g (82% is water-soluble fraction). Other cereals also contain β-glucan but in much lower amounts: sorghum 1.1–6.2 g, rye 1.3–2.7 g, maize 0.8–1.7 g, triticale 0.3–1.2 g, wheat 0.5–1.0 g, durum wheat 0.5-0.6 g, and rice 0.13 g
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Other sources of β-glucan include some types of seaweed [17] and various species of mushrooms such as Reishi, Shiitake, and Maitake [18].
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Distinction between soluble and insoluble dietary fibers is based on the solubility characteristics of dietary fiber in hot aqueous buffer solutions
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Insoluble fibers primarily consist of cellulose and some hemicelluloses, resistant starch, and chitin while soluble fibers include pectins, β-glucans, galactomannan gums, mucilages, and some hemicelluloses
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insoluble fibers increase fecal bulk and the excretion of bile acids and decrease intestinal transit time
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Soluble fibers increase total transit time by delaying gastric emptying and also slow glucose absorption
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only soluble viscous fibers delay gastric emptying time and slow glucose absorption while nonviscous soluble fibers primarily act as a substrate for microbial fermentation in the colon