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"Sogar kurzfristige Störungen im Schlafrhythmus können schon negative Auswirkungen haben, zeigten Studien: Probanden, deren Schlaf in drei Nächten wiederholt gestört wurde, bekamen vorübergehend Symptome von Diabetes. Die Wissenschaftler um Philippe Froguel vom Imperial College in London konnten die Verbindung zwischen Schlafrhythmus und Diabetes nun mit genetischen Studien untermauern: Die Studie belegt die Rolle des Melatonins."

"Middle aged and elderly people with high levels of vitamin D could reduce their chances of developing heart disease or diabetes by 43%, according to researchers at the University of Warwick."

"Durch die Ergebnisse der Genanalyse vorgewarnt ließ Michael Snyder regelmäßig seine Blutzuckerwerte untersuchen. Zu Beginn der Studie waren sie noch normal, dies änderte sich allerdings plötzlich nach einer Grippeinfektion. Die Erkrankung hatte offenbar die Entwicklung des Typ-2-Diabetes in Gang gesetzt. Doch durch die frühzeitigen Veränderungen seiner Ernährung, durch Bewegung und leichte Medikamente konnte der Wissenschaftler den Blutzuckerspiegel wie"

"Performing short cycle sprints three times a week could be enough to prevent and possibly treat type 2 diabetes, a study suggests. Scientists at the University of Bath asked volunteers to perform two 20-second cycle sprints on exercise bikes, three times per week. After six weeks, researchers in the university's department of health saw a 28% improvement in their insulin function."

Studie offenbart das Ausmaß der globalen Epidemie Derzeit sind etwa 350 Millionen Menschen an Diabetes mellitus erkrankt, mehr als doppelt so viele wie im Jahr 1980. Zu diesem Ergebnis kommt eine Studie internationaler Forscher, die Gesundheitsdaten von 2

Today, it is estimated that one in every 110 children is diagnosed with autism, making it more common than childhood cancer, juvenile diabetes and pediatric AIDS combined.

Diabetes "Unterm Strich plädiert Cara Ebbeling deshalb für die Diät mit dem niedrigen glykämischen Index: „Anders als bei fettarmer und extrem kohlenhydratarmen Ernährungsweisen muss man bei dieser Form nicht ganze Gruppen von Lebensmitteln weglassen, was sie einfacher und gesünder macht", sagt die Ernährungswissenschaftlerin. Cara Ebbeling (Boston Children's Hospital) et al.: Jama, 2012;307[24]:2627-2634"

""We probably have underestimated the role our microbial flora play in modulating disease risk," says Daniel Rader, a heart disease specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Rader, who was not involved in the study, says that gut bacteria may not be as big a factor in causing heart disease as diabetes or smoking, but could be important in tipping some people toward sickness. Researchers led by Stanley Hazen, a cardiologist at the Cleveland Clinic, didn't start out to study gut bacteria. In fact, says Hazen, he had "no clue - zero," that intestinal microbes were involved in heart disease. "I'd never even considered it or thought of the concept." Hazen and his colleagues compared blood plasma from healthy people to plasma from people who had had heart attacks, strokes or died to see if substances in the blood could predict who is in danger from heart disease. The researchers found 18 small molecules associated with fat buildup in the arteries. One of the best predictors turned out to be a byproduct made when gut bacteria break down a fat called choline (also known as lecithin). The more of this byproduct, called trimethylamine N-oxide or TMAO, a person or mouse has in the blood, the higher the risk of getting heart disease, the researchers found. Gut bacteria are actually middlemen in TMAO production. The microbes convert lecithin to a gas that smells like rotten fish. Then an enzyme in the liver changes the foul-smelling gas to TMAO."

"The results are indeed worthy of attention, with Prof Taylor's team finding that in an early stage clinical trial of 11 people who were put on a diet of just 600 calories As written about in Dr Ben Goldacre's latest Bad Science column, producing a pattern from experimental data to come to a conclusion can be a 'magical' experience, but medicine is an 'imperfect art'. "We all know one atom of experience isn't enough to spot a pattern." writes Goldacre, "But when you put lots of experiences together and process that data, you get new knowledge.""

Dr Simon Archer and his team at Surrey University were particularly interested in looking at the genes that were switched on or off in our volunteers by changes in the amount that we had made them sleep. "We found that overall there were around 500 genes that were affected," Archer explained. "Some which were going up, and some which were going down." What they discovered is that when the volunteers cut back from seven-and-a-half to six-and-a-half hours' sleep a night, genes that are associated with processes like inflammation, immune response and response to stress became more active. The team also saw increases in the activity of genes associated with diabetes and risk of cancer. The reverse happened when the volunteers added an hour of sleep. So the clear message from this experiment was that if you are getting less than seven hours' sleep a night and can alter your sleep habits, even just a little bit, it could make you healthier

"Susan Swithers von der US-amerikanischen Purdue University in West Lafayette hat die Ergebnisse bisheriger Studien über die Auswirkungen von Süßstoffkonsum nun in einer Review systematisch ausgewertet - mit wenig süßem Ergebnis. Auch Süßstoffe machen dick Ihren Auswertungen zufolge sind die beabsichtigten Effekte des Süßstoffkonsums, Gewichtsabnahme und weniger Stoffwechsel-Erkrankungen, kaum durch Studien belegt - das Gegenteil aber durchaus. Entsprechende Untersuchungen vermitteln unterm Strich die Botschaft: Übergewicht, Typ-2-Diabetes, metabolisches Syndrom sowie Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen gehen nicht nur mit hohem Zuckerkonsum einher, sondern auch mit dem von Süßstoffen. Beispielsweise reicht bereits ein entsprechendes Getränk pro Tag aus, um statistisch betrachtet negative Gesundheitseffekte zu verursachen."

ScienceDaily (Jan. 7, 2011) - Many prescriptions for the top-selling class of drugs, known as atypical antipsychotic medications, lack strong evidence that the drugs will actually help, a study by researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine and University of Chicago has found. Yet, drugs in this class may cause such serious effects as weight gain, diabetes and heart disease, and cost Americans billions of dollars.

ScienceDaily (June 28, 2011) - A recent study from scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies suggests that a strawberry a day (or more accurately, 37 of them) could keep not just one doctor away, but an entire fleet of them, including the neurologist, the endocrinologist, and maybe even the oncologist.

Fats in foods like potato chips and french fries make them nearly irresistible because they trigger natural marijuana-like chemicals in the body called endocannabinoids, researchers at the University of California, Irvine, have found. The researchers discovered that when rats tasted something fatty, cells in their upper gut started producing endocannabinoids, while sugars and proteins did not have this effect. How fats create, like, a buzz It starts on the tongue, where fats in food generate a signal that travels first to your brain, and then through a nerve bundle called the vagus to your intestines. There, the signal stimulates the production of endocannabinoids, which initiates a surge in cell signaling that prompts you to totally pig out - probably by initiating the release of digestive chemicals linked to hunger and satiety that compel us to eat more. And that leads to obesity, diabetes and cancer, the researchers said. But they suggest it might be possible to curb this process by obstructing endocannabinoid activity: for example, by using drugs that "clog" cannabinoid receptors. The trick: bypassing the brain to avoid creating anxiety and depression (which happens when endocannabinoid signaling is blocked in the brain). I'm guessing McDonald's won't be adding that drug to their fries. Ref.: Daniele Piomelli, et al., An endocannabinoid signal in the gut controls dietary fat intake, PNAS, 2011; in press

Drury, a geneticist, is a pioneer in new research exploring the biological impacts of early adversity on children. She is the first scientist to show that extreme stress in infancy can biologically age a child by shortening the tips of chromosomes, known as telomeres. These caps keep chromosomes from shrinking when cells replicate. Shorter telomeres are linked to higher risks for heart disease, cognitive decline, diabetes and mental illness in adults.

"Personen mit vergleichsweise viel braunem Fett weniger Schwankungen in ihrem Blutzuckerspiegel über einen Zeitraum von 12 Stunden aufweisen als Menschen, die wenig braunes Fett besitzen. "Ausgeprägte Schwankungen des Blutzuckerspiegels gelten als ein Warnzeichen für Diabetes", sagt Lee"

"Insulin und Fettstoffwechsel: Insulin führt ja nicht nur den Muskelzellen die Glucose zu, sondern auch den Fettzellen. Von denen wird die Glucose zu Speicherfett "umgebaut" mit dem Ergebnis, daß die Fettzelle wächst. Gleichzeitig hemmt Insulin die Lipolyse, d.h. vorhandenes Körperfett wird weniger gut abgespalten und es wird schwieriger, sein Körpergewicht zu reduzieren. Andererseits behindern die bei der Fettspaltung entstehenden und durch die Nahrung aufgenommenen freien Fettsäuren den Insulinrezeptor, so daß es zu einer Insulinresistenz kommen kann (weil das im Blut zirkulierende Insulin dann nicht mehr dort andocken kann). Man spricht dann auch von einer Fettsäureresistenz. Insulin ist ein anaboles (=aufbauendes) Hormon, weswegen es auch in der Tiermast eingesetzt wird. (Stichwort: Masthormon). Nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg wurde unterernährten Stadtkindern Insulin in geringen Dosen verabreicht, damit sie leichter an Gewicht zulegen konnten."

"Das Kaugummikauen täuscht dem Körper eine Nahrungsaufnahme vor, erklären die Wissenschaftler. Sie vermuten, dass dadurch die Nerven im Verdauungssystem stimuliert und Hormone freigesetzt werden, die die Produktion von Speichel und Bauchspeicheldrüsensekreten erhöhen. Wodurch dieser Effekt genau zustande kommt, sollen nun jedoch größer angelegte Studien zeigen. Sanjay Purkayastha (St. Mary's Hospital, London) et al.: JAMA, Bd. 143, S. 788"