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nidthamsirisup

Engineered stem cells seek out and kill HIV in living mice - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120412182253.htm

disease HIV

shared by nidthamsirisup on 15 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • human stem cells can be genetically engineered into HIV-fighting cells
  • surrogate model
  • CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes -- the "killer" T cells that help fight infection -- from an HIV-infected individual and identified the molecule known as the T cell receptor, which guides the T cell in recognizing and killing HIV-infected cells.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • cloned the receptor and used this to genetically engineer human blood stem cells.
  • mature T cells that can attack HIV in tissues where the virus resides and replicates.
  • CD4 cells are white blood cells that are an important component of the immune system, helping to fight off infections.
  • CD4 "helper" T cells
  • engineering stem cells to form immune cells that target HIV is effective in suppressing the virus in living tissues in an animal model
  • increased
  • HIV in the blood decreased.
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
       
      Using mice as lab rats, researchers are able to produce a large amount of T cells that can fight off HIV more effectively.
  • The engineered stem cells developed into a large population of mature, multi-functional HIV-specific CD8 cells that could specifically target cells containing HIV proteins. The researchers also discovered that HIV-specific T cell receptors have to be matched to an individual in much the same way an organ is matched to a transplant patient.
  • Expanding on previous research providing proof-of-principle that human stem cells can be genetically engineered into HIV-fighting cells
  • In this current study, the researchers similarly engineered human blood stem cells and found that they can form mature T cells that can attack HIV in tissues where the virus resides and replicates. They did so by using a surrogate model, the humanized mouse, in which HIV infection closely resembles the disease and its progression in humans.
  • increased, while levels of HIV in the blood decreased. CD4 cells are white blood cells that are an important component of the immune system, helping to fight off infections. These results indicated that the engineered cells were capable of developing and migrating to the organs to fight infection there.
  • wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
     
    Stem cells that are engineered to produce T cells that can help fight off HIV.
Nickyz P.

Concerns Raised about Genetically Engineered Mosquitoes - NYTimes.com - 2 views

www.nytimes.com/...lly-engineered-mosquitoes.html

shared by Nickyz P. on 16 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • These mosquitoes are genetically engineered to kill — their own children.
  • The results, and other work elsewhere, could herald an age in which genetically modified insects will be used to help control agricultural pests and insect-borne diseases like dengue fever and malaria.
Kantham Hongdusit

Inducible gene expression from the plastid genome by a synthetic riboswitch - 0 views

www.pnas.org/...6204.full

shared by Kantham Hongdusit on 16 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Kantham Hongdusit on 16 Apr 12
     
    Riboswitches, natural RNA sensors that mediate the control of gene expression by beinding with metabolites, are engineered via a simulation to meet the requirements of translational regulation in organelles. These new riboswitches are able facilitate the expression of chloroplast genes
Rafael Chen

Scientists develop tools to make more complex biological machines from yeast - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120319194313.htm

shared by Rafael Chen on 15 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • creating a new type of biological "wire," using proteins that interact with DNA and behave like wires in electronic circuitry
  • it can be re-engineered over and over again
  • fundamental DNA components, called "promoters," which are needed for re-programming yeast
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Future applications of this work could include tiny yeast-based machines that can be dropped into water supplies to detect contaminants, and yeast that records environmental conditions during the manufacture of biofuels to determine if improvements can be made to the production process.
  • help to improve things such as pollution monitoring and cleaner fuels
  • Rafael Chen on 15 Apr 12
     
    Scientist uses yeast as the foundations in making more complex biological machines through genetic engineering.
Rafael Chen

New Plant Mutation Produces Tap Root With Large Amounts Of Oil, Proteins, And Starch - 1 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...970707211536.htm

shared by Rafael Chen on 15 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • The discovery could lead to genetically engineered plants that store commercially useful substances in an enlarged root
  • The pickle mutation mimics what happens in seeds, which typically are the major structures accumulating and storing proteins and oil
  • In this mutation the cells destined to become primary root cells retain the character of embryonic cells
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • They fail to make the switch from embryonic to adult
  • The mutation has its greatest effect when gibberellin is not present during the first 24 hours of growth
  • Rafael Chen on 15 Apr 12
     
    A mutation in plants that makes the tap root accumulate large amounts of oils, proteins, and starch was discovered by scientist, this could lead to genetically engineered plants that store commercially useful substances in an enlarged root.
Mickey Tsai

Microbial Mules: Engineering Bacteria to Transport Nanoparticles and Drugs: Scientific ... - 1 views

www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm

engineering bacteria transport drugs

shared by Mickey Tsai on 01 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Mickey Tsai on 01 Apr 12
     
    Scientists are trying to use bacteria in order to deliver nanoparticles and drugs into living human cells. David Gracias of John Hopkins University had success when gluing the nanoparticles to the bacteria by soaking it in a solution of nanoparticles and heating the mixture.
Rafael Chen

Plant Geneticist Identifies Drought-Tolerant Gene - 2 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...981028144738.htm

shared by Rafael Chen on 16 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • isolation of the gene that controls drought tolerance in plants
  • enable a plant's leaves to stay green long after the last watering
  • plant hormone abscisic acid triggers the closure of the plant's stomata
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • controlled by the ERA1
  • By suppressing the gene -- and thereby keeping the stomata closed -- he found it is possible to control water loss so plants last longer
  • useful in applications such as the cut flower industry
  • Rafael Chen on 16 Apr 12
     
    Genetically engineering plants with a drought resistant gene may be beneficial in creating plants whom leaves would stay green long after the last watering.
orasa sukmark

Making a Friendlier Mosquito - Biology Online - 1 views

www.biology-online.org/...aking_friendlier_mosquito.html

making mosquito biology Genes

shared by orasa sukmark on 16 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Genetically modified mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria are one hope for battling the disease that still kills over one million people a year. But that plan faces some serious snags, according to UC Davis researchers who are suggesting an alternative strategy.
  • nsmit malaria are one hope for battling the disease that still kills over one million people a year. But that plan face
  • Genetically modified mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria are one hope for battling the disease that still kills over one million people a year.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • enetically modified mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria are one hope for battling the disease that still kills over one million people a year. But that plan faces some serious snags, according to UC Davis researchers who are suggesting an alternative strategy
  • releasing into the wild mosquitoes genetically engineered to resist malaria
  • If the resistant mosquitoes breed and spread their genes through the population, malaria transmission should be shut down.
  • the malaria resistance genes available are not very effective
  • , there's no way to reliably push the genes through the population.
  • Transposons are essentially DNA parasites that snip themselves in or out of the genome under the right circumstances. Scientists can add a new gene into a transposon and use it to carry that DNA into the insect genome. But it's in the interest of that transposon to just get rid of the extra DNA,
  • a transposon that gives an advantage to mosquitoes that already carry genes to block malaria, so that those genes spread through the population by natural selection.
  • orasa sukmark on 16 Apr 12
     
    scientists have found a way to reduce mosquitoes that can transmit malaria. 
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