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Contents contributed and discussions participated by wasin kusakabe

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wasin kusakabe

Deep sequencing reveals potentially toxic, trade-restricted ingredients in some traditi... - 1 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120412182328.htm

DNA sequencing Toxic Traditional Chinese Medicine

shared by wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • DNA sequencing technology to reveal the animal and plant composition
  • of traditional Chinese medicines
  • These plants contain chemicals that can be toxic if the wrong dosage is taken, but none of them actually listed concentrations on the packaging.”
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • estricted animals that are classified as vulnerable, endangered, or critically endangered, including the Asiatic black bear and Saiga antelope.”
  • including animal DNA and potential allergens such as soy or nuts.
  • mislabelling of TCMs
  • multiple samples that contained DNA from animals listed as trade-restricted
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
       
      Traditional Chinese Medicines have incorrect labeling, which may lead to allergic reaction or crossing religious restrictions.
  • wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
     
    Traditional Chinese Medicines' ingredients revealed by DNA sequencing to be potentially toxic.
wasin kusakabe

Engineered stem cells seek out and kill HIV in living mice - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120412182253.htm

disease HIV

shared by wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • human stem cells can be genetically engineered into HIV-fighting cells
  • surrogate model
  • CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes -- the "killer" T cells that help fight infection -- from an HIV-infected individual and identified the molecule known as the T cell receptor, which guides the T cell in recognizing and killing HIV-infected cells.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • cloned the receptor and used this to genetically engineer human blood stem cells.
  • mature T cells that can attack HIV in tissues where the virus resides and replicates.
  • CD4 cells are white blood cells that are an important component of the immune system, helping to fight off infections.
  • CD4 "helper" T cells
  • HIV in the blood decreased.
  • increased
  • engineering stem cells to form immune cells that target HIV is effective in suppressing the virus in living tissues in an animal model
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
       
      Using mice as lab rats, researchers are able to produce a large amount of T cells that can fight off HIV more effectively.
  • wasin kusakabe on 15 Apr 12
     
    Stem cells that are engineered to produce T cells that can help fight off HIV.
wasin kusakabe

Athletic frogs have faster-changing genomes - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120412182332.htm

DNA Genomes Athletic Frogs

shared by wasin kusakabe on 14 Apr 12 - No Cached
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 14 Apr 12
       
      Physical activities can change the DNA sequence which can be passed on to later generations. However this has only been tested on frogs and may not apply to mammals like us.
  • athletic frogs tended to have faster-changing genomes.
  • Stretches of DNA accumulate changes over time
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Physically fit frogs have faster-changing genomes
  • During exercise, the circulatory system provides blood and oxygen to the tissues that are needed most
  • When physical activity has stopped, the rush of blood and oxygen when circulation is restored to those tissues produces a burst of free radicals that can cause wear and tear on DNA, eventually causing genetic changes that -- if they affect the DNA of cells that make eggs or sperm -- can be passed to future generations.
wasin kusakabe

Direct transfer of plant genes from chloroplasts into the cell nucleus: Gene function p... - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120413121916.htm

Genes Chloroplasts Cell Nucleus DNA

shared by wasin kusakabe on 14 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Chloroplasts, the plant cell's green solar power generators, were once living beings in their own right.
  • This changed about one billion years ago, when they were swallowed up but not digested by larger cells.
  • either direct transport in the form of DNA fragments from the chloroplasts to the nucleus or transport in the form of mRNA, which is then transcribed back into DNA.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Genes consist of several modules, separated by non-coding DNA regions (introns).
  • It was found that the transfer takes place without the involvement of RNA and that the DNA apparently jumps directly from the cell's chloroplasts into its nucleus.
  • t is thought that the introns even help the splicing enzymes by folding themselves into stable RNA structures, thus directing the enzymes to the right locations.
  • Since the introns obstruct protein synthesis, they need to be removed from the mRNA, a procedure described as splicing.
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 14 Apr 12
       
      The Chloroplasts was an different entity before they were swallowed up by larger cells to corporate with each other.
  • wasin kusakabe on 14 Apr 12
     
    The differences between the genes in the chloroplasts and the genes in the nucleus being researched.
wasin kusakabe

Plant research reveals new role for gene silencing protein - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...120329141923.htm

shared by wasin kusakabe on 02 Apr 12 - No Cached
    • wasin kusakabe
      wasin kusakabe on 02 Apr 12
       
      Termination is equally as important as other sections of Transcription
  • Termination is the final stage of transcription.
  • Without termination, transcription continues down the chromosome unchecked.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • The expression of a gene, when an organism's DNA is transcribed into a useable product, requires activation via a promoter or an external trigger.
  • DCL4 is a back-up to termination processes, helping a gene to be successfully expressed
  • If a gene ends badly, aberrant RNA will trigger silencing pathways
wasin kusakabe

Biotechdaily - Human Mitochondrial Mutations Repaired by New Technique - 2 views

www.biotechdaily.com/...repaired_by_new_technique.html

shared by wasin kusakabe on 01 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • wasin kusakabe on 01 Apr 12
     
    Mutations in the mitochondrial genome inflicts diseases
wasin kusakabe

Junk DNA Can Revive and Cause Disease, Study Finds - NYTimes.com - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...20gene.html

shared by wasin kusakabe on 30 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • It is a dominant genetic disease.
  • people who have the disease cannot smile.
  • FSHD affects about 1 in 20,000 people
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • it was not completely inactive. It is always transcribed
  • copied by the cell as a first step to making a protein.
  • But the transcriptions were faulty, disintegrating right away. They were missing a crucial section, called a poly (A) sequence, needed to stabilize them.
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