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Dennis OConnor

NIH mobilizes national innovation initiative for COVID-19 diagnostics | National Instit... - 0 views

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    "The National Institutes of Health today announced a new initiative aimed at speeding innovation, development and commercialization of COVID-19 testing technologies, a pivotal component needed to return to normal during this unprecedented global pandemic. With a $1.5 billion investment from federal stimulus funding, the newly launched Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) initiative will infuse funding into early innovative technologies to speed development of rapid and widely accessible COVID-19 testing. At the same time, NIH will seek opportunities to move more advanced diagnostic technologies swiftly through the development pipeline toward commercialization and broad availability. NIH will work closely with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) to advance these goals."
Dennis OConnor

Swimming with the High-Tech Sharks to Improve COVID-19 Testing - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

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    "So much has been reported over the past six months about testing for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that keeping up with the issue can be a real challenge. To discuss the latest progress on new technologies for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing in the United States, I spoke recently with NIH's Dr. Bruce Tromberg, director of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB). Not only does Bruce run a busy NIH institute, he is helping to coordinate the national response for expanded testing during the COVID-19 pandemic."
Dennis OConnor

Pursuing Safe and Effective Anti-Viral Drugs for COVID-19 - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

  • Remdesivir
  • when an RNA virus attempts to replicate, its polymerase is tricked into incorporating remdesivir into its genome as a foreign nucleotide, or anomalous letter.
  • undecipherable, extra letter brings the replication process to a crashing halt
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  • An important step was just posted as a preprint yesterday—a small study showed infusion of remdesivir was effective in limiting the severity of lung disease in rhesus macaques [2]. That’s encouraging news. But the only sure way to find out if remdesivir will actually help humans who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 is to conduct a randomized, controlled clinical trial.
  • NIAID’s Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, has already enrolled 805 patients at 67 testing sites.
  • All trial participants must have laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections and evidence of lung involvement, such as abnormal chest X-rays, rattling sounds when breathing (rales) with a need for supplemental oxygen, or a need for mechanical ventilation.
  • the study is double-blind, meaning
Dennis OConnor

The Prime Cellular Targets for the Novel Coronavirus - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

  • Posted on May 5th, 2020 by Dr. Francis Collins
  • it has been remarkable and gratifying to watch researchers from around the world pull together and share their time, expertise, and hard-earned data in the urgent quest to control this devastating virus.
  • a recent study that characterized the specific human cells that SARS-CoV-2 likely singles out for infection [1
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  • This work was driven by the mostly shuttered labs of Alex K. Shalek, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge; and Jose Ordovas-Montanes at Boston Children’s Hospital. In the end, it brought together (if only remotely) dozens of their colleagues in the Human Cell Atlas Lung Biological Network and others across the U.S., Europe, and South Africa.
  • The discovery suggests that SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other coronaviruses that rely on ACE2 may take advantage of the immune system’s natural defenses.
  • t’s clear that these new findings, from data that weren’t originally generated with COVID-19 in mind, contained several potentially important new leads. This is another demonstration of the value of basic science.
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    "Posted on May 5th, 2020 by Dr. Francis Collins"
Dennis OConnor

National Institutes of Health (NIH) | Facebook - 0 views

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    "Follow this page to share information that can benefit someone you know. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) touches the lives of nearly all Americans from research to food safety, health care, aging and much more."
Dennis OConnor

Biohealth Innovation - Dr. Amrie Grammer of AMPEL BioSolutions joins host Rich Bendis o... - 0 views

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    "AMPEL BioSolutions Co-Founder and COO/CSO, Dr. Amrie Grammer guests on BioTalk to discuss building the Company in Charlottesville, VA, her work and recognition at NIH, and being a leader from the southern part of the BioHealth Capital Region."
Dennis OConnor

Chasing My Cure: Dr. David Fajgenbaum Lessons from his Rare Disease and On Finding Cure... - 0 views

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    "David Fajgenbaum, MD, MBA, MSc, is the co-founder and Executive Director of the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN) and one of the youngest individuals to be appointed to the faculty at Penn Medicine, where he is an Assistant Professor of Medicine in Translational Medicine & Human Genetics, Founding Director of the Center for Study & Treatment of Castleman & inflammatory Lymphadenopathies (CSTL). An NIH-funded physician-scientist, he has dedicated his life to discovering new treatments and cures for deadly disorders like idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD), which he was diagnosed with during medical school. As common as ALS and more deadly than lymphoma, iMCD involves the immune system attacking and shutting down the body's vital organs such as the liver, kidneys, bone marrow, and heart. After spending months hospitalized in critical condition, having his last rites read, and having four deadly relapses, he is now in his longest remission ever thanks to a treatment that he identified in the lab."
Dennis OConnor

National Institutes of Health (NIH) - All of Us - 0 views

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    "The future of health begins with you The All of Us Research Program is a historic effort to gather data from one million or more people living in the United States to accelerate research and improve health. By taking into account individual differences in lifestyle, environment, and biology, researchers will uncover paths toward delivering precision medicine."
Dennis OConnor

Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., NIAID Director | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infecti... - 0 views

  • Dr. Fauci was appointed Director of NIAID in 1984.
  • Dr. Fauci has advised six Presidents on HIV/AIDS and many other domestic and global health issues.
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    DeAunne Denmark, MD, PhD - Recommends Dr. Anthony Fauci as a highly credible source of information.
Dennis OConnor

The Challenge of Tracking COVID-19's Stealthy Spread - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

  • The first thing that testing may help us do is to identify those SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals who have no symptoms, but who are still capable of transmitting the virus.
  • The second way we can use testing is to identify individuals who’ve already been infected with SARS-CoV-2, but who didn’t get seriously ill and can no longer transmit the virus to others.
Dennis OConnor

The Synchronicity of Memory - NIH Director's Blog - 1 views

  • You see those same four neurons, their activity logged individually. Cooler colors—indigo to turquoise—indicate background or low neuronal activity; warmer colors—yellow to red—indicate high neuronal activity.
  • neuronal burst synchronization and hippocampus-dependent memory formation
  • broad implications, from improving memory to reconditioning the mental associations that underlie post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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  • Chen and colleagues used deep-brain imaging technology to shed new light on some old-fashioned classical conditioning: Pavlovian training
  • track the same four neurons over the course of the day—and watch as memory creation, in the form of neuronal synchronization,
  • during recall experiments
  • the big question: how does this translate into an actual memory in other living creatures?
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    "You may think that you're looking at a telescopic heat-map of a distant planet, with clickable thumbnail images to the right featuring its unique topography. In fact, what you're looking at is a small region of the brain that's measured in micrometers and stands out as a fascinating frontier of discovery into the very origins of thought and cognition."
Dennis OConnor

Predicting 'Long COVID Syndrome' with Help of a Smartphone App - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

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    Recommended by Tyler Orion, Endorsed by DeAunne Denmark, MD, PhD :This is an example of the high quality and thoughtful study design needed to accurately and meaningfully interpret real-world tracking data. This prediction signal would not have been detected in the larger (inconsistently reporting) group, or in those who hadn't tracked enough before getting sick. Which relates to the importance of creating a baseline health timeline and consistently collecting robust, standardized pre-intervention contextual data. And another illustration re: why I keep circling back to these in all of our n-of-1 discussions :)
Dennis OConnor

mRNA Vaccines May Pack More Persistent Punch Against COVID-19 Than Thought - NIH Direct... - 0 views

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    "Earlier this year, clinical trials of the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines indicated that both immunizations appeared to protect for at least six months. Now, a study in the journal Nature provides some hopeful news that these mRNA vaccines may be protective even longer [1]."
Dennis OConnor

Genes, Blood Type Tied to Risk of Severe COVID-19 - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

  • Many people who contract COVID-19 have only a mild illness, or sometimes no symptoms at all. But others develop respiratory failure that requires oxygen support or even a ventilator to help them recover [1]. It’s clear that this happens more often in men than in women, as well as in people who are older or who have chronic health conditions. But why does respiratory failure also sometimes occur in people who are young and seemingly healthy? A new study suggests that part of the answer to this question may be found in the genes that each one of us carries [2]. While more research is needed to pinpoint the precise underlying genes and mechanisms responsible, a recent genome-wide association (GWAS) study, just published in the New England Journal of Medicine, finds that gene variants in two regions of the human genome are associated with severe COVID-19 and correspondingly carry a greater risk of COVID-19-related death.
  • the findings suggest that people with blood type A face a 50 percent greater risk of needing oxygen support or a ventilator should they become infected with the novel coronavirus.
  • Their study included 1,980 people undergoing treatment for severe COVID-19 and respiratory failure at seven medical centers in Italy and Spain.
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  • the researchers compared SNPs in people with severe COVID-19 to those in more than 1,200 healthy blood donors from the same population groups.
  • he researchers did find evidence suggesting a relationship between blood type and COVID-19 risk. They noted that this area also includes a genetic variant associated with increased levels of interleukin-6, which plays a role in inflammation and may have implications for COVID-19 as well.
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  • Franke, Karlsen, and many of their colleagues are part of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, an ongoing international collaborative effort to learn the genetic determinants of COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and outcomes
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    "Many people who contract COVID-19 have only a mild illness, or sometimes no symptoms at all. But others develop respiratory failure that requires oxygen support or even a ventilator to help them recover [1]. It's clear that this happens more often in men than in women, as well as in people who are older or who have chronic health conditions. But why does respiratory failure also sometimes occur in people who are young and seemingly healthy? A new study suggests that part of the answer to this question may be found in the genes that each one of us carries [2]. While more research is needed to pinpoint the precise underlying genes and mechanisms responsible, a recent genome-wide association (GWAS) study, just published in the New England Journal of Medicine, finds that gene variants in two regions of the human genome are associated with severe COVID-19 and correspondingly carry a greater risk of COVID-19-related death."
Dennis OConnor

Finding Antibodies that Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 - NIH Director's Blog - 0 views

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    "It's now clear that nearly everyone who recovers from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) produces antibodies that specifically target SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes the infection. Yet many critical questions remain. A major one is: just how well do those particular antibodies neutralize the virus to fight off the infection and help someone recover from COVID-19? Fortunately, most people get better-but should the typical antibody response take the credit?"
Dennis OConnor

Study of Healthcare Workers Shows COVID-19 Immunity Lasts Many Months - NIH Director's ... - 0 views

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    "New findings from a study of thousands of healthcare workers in England show that those who got COVID-19 and produced antibodies against the virus are highly unlikely to become infected again, at least over the several months that the study was conducted. In the rare instances in which someone with acquired immunity for SARS-CoV-2 subsequently tested positive for the virus within a six month period, they never showed any signs of being ill."
Dennis OConnor

Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated People Less Likely to Cause 'Long COVID' - NIH Di... - 0 views

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    "Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated People Less Likely to Cause 'Long COVID'"
Dennis OConnor

$44 Million NIH Grant to See if Dementia Can Be Prevented - BrainHQ from Posit Science - 0 views

  • The computerized brain training used in the prior study and the new study is found exclusively in the BrainHQ app, made by Posit Science,
  • The ACTIVE study provided the possible beginnings of an answer in 2017. Those results grabbed headlines worldwide, since it was the first large randomized controlled trial to show an intervention (of any kind) could be effective in reducing dementia risk and incidence. 
  • Some eighteen studies have been published on the impact of using BrainHQ among people with MCI or similar pre-dementia conditions
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  • Dr. Mahncke observed. “Billions have been spent in the thus far unsuccessful search for drugs to prevent MCI and dementia, and so it’s great to see a serious commitment to evaluating the plasticity-based training that has delivered so many promising results in recent studies.
Dennis OConnor

The n-of-1 clinical trial: the ultimate strategy for individualizing medicine? - 0 views

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    "N-of-1 or single subject clinical trials consider an individual patient as the sole unit of observation in a study investigating the efficacy or side-effect profiles of different interventions. The ultimate goal of an n-of-1 trial is to determine the optimal or best intervention for an individual patient using objective data-driven criteria. Such trials can leverage study design and statistical techniques associated with standard population-based clinical trials, including randomization, washout and crossover periods, as well as placebo controls. Despite their obvious appeal and wide use in educational settings, n-of-1 trials have been used sparingly in medical and general clinical settings. We briefly review the history, motivation and design of n-of-1 trials and emphasize the great utility of modern wireless medical monitoring devices in their execution. We ultimately argue that n-of-1 trials demand serious attention among the health research and clinical care communities given the contemporary focus on individualized medicine. Keywords: clinical equipoise, early-phase trials, individualized medicine, n-of-1, remote phenotyping, single patient trial, treatment repositioning, wireless health"
Dennis OConnor

A basic introduction to research: how not to do research - 0 views

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    Camille Nebeker: I'm writing a paper on mHealth and research ethics across regulated and unregulated sectors. Came across an article that you may appreciate - it's basically saying that people need to be trained when conducting scientific research. It was aimed at clinicians - not citizen scientists:
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